Kufunafuna Moyo Wautali

KUFUNAFUNA moyo wautaliko kuli kwakale mofanana ndi moyo weniweniwo. Chotero nzosadabwitsa kuti mbiri, ponse paŵiri yamakedzana ndi yamakono, njodzaza ndi nkhani ndi nthano za anthu ofunafuna chinsinsi cha moyo wautali.

Mwachitsanzo, mbiri yachikondi ingatipangitse kukhulupirira kuti wofufuza malo Wachispanya Juan Ponce de León ankafunafuna kasupe wa unyamata pamene anapita kumpoto kuchokera ku Puerto Rico m’chaka cha 1513. Koma anzake akulongosola kuti anapanga ulendowo kukapeza akapolo ndi dziko latsopano. Iye anapeza, osati kasupe wobwezeretsa unyamata, koma amene tsopano akutchedwa Florida. Komabe, nthanoyo idakapitiriza.

Kubwerera kumbuyo kwambiri m’nthaŵi, ndakatulo ya Chiakadi ya Gilgamesh, yotengedwa ku magome a dothi okhala ndi deti la kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 18 B.C.E., imanena za mmene Gilgamesh anagwidwira ndi mantha pambuyo pa kumwalira kwa bwenzi lake Enkidu. Imalongosola za maulendo ake ndi zoyesayesa zamphamphu koma zopanda phindu za kupeza kusakhoza kufa.

Posachedwapa kwenikweni, mu 1933, m’bukhu lake lakuti Lost Horizon, James Hilton anasonyeza dziko longoyerekeza lotchedwa Shangri-la. Kumeneko nzikazo zinasangalala ndi moyo wangwiro ndipo wotalikitsidwa mokulira m’malo aparadaiso.

Ngakhale lerolino, pali awo amene adzipatulira kulondola makonzedwe osazoloŵereka ndipo achilendo amene amalonjeza moyo wowongoleredwa ndipo wautaliko. Komabe, ena atenga kafikiridwe kothandiza. Amatsatira miyezo yosamalitsa ya umoyo kapena kudya chakudya choyenera ndi kupanga maseŵera olimbitsa thupi mwa dongosolo. Amayembekezera kuti zimenezi zidzawathandiza kuwoneka achichepere ndi kumva bwinoko.

Zonsezi zimamveketsa chikhumbo chenicheni cha munthu cha kukhala ndi miyoyo yaitaliko, yachimwemwe.

Kafikiridwe Kasayansi

Phunziro la ukalamba ndi mavuto a ukalamba zakhala sayansi yosamalitsa. Asayansi otchuka amadzimva kuti ali pafupi kupeza chopangitsa ukalamba. Ena amalingalira kuti ukalamba uli wopangidwiratu m’majini. Ena amadzimva kuti uli chotulukapo cha kuunjikana kwa matenda osakaza ndi zotulukapo zapambali zopatsa chivulazo za kugaya chakudya. Chikhalirechobe ena akugwirizanitsa ukalamba ndi mahormone kapena dongosolo lochinjiriza la thupi. Asayansi amaganiza kuti ngati zopangitsa ukalamba zingapezedwe, kenaka mwinamwake ungachotsedwe.

Polondola kusakhoza kufa, mzera pakati pa sayansi ndi sayansi yopeka ukukhala wovuta kuuzindikira. Kupanganso kuli chitsanzo chimodzi choterocho. Lingaliro liri la kupanganso, kapena kubalanso, thupi lolingana ndi chinthu mwakugwiritsira maselo ndi majini. Kenaka, pamene ziŵalo za thupilo zikhala ndi matenda kapena kufooka, chiŵalo chatsopano chingatengedwe ndi kubzalidwanso, mongadi mmene mbali yothyoka ya galimoto imaloŵedwera m’malo ndi mbali yatsopano. Asayansi ena amanena kuti kulibe malire ponena za zimene zingapangidwe mwa kupanganso.

Kupitiriza nkhaniyo pali dongosolo lotchedwa cryonics (kuziziritsa thupi la munthu wakufa ndi cholinga chodzamuukitsa pakadzapezeka mankhwala). Anthuwo akulongosola kuti, pamene munthu amwalira, thupilo lingaziziritsidwe kudikira mpaka pamene mankhwala adzapezeka amene angachiritse zimene ziri zosachiritsika lerolino. Kenaka thupilo lingatenthetsedwe, kupangitsidwa kukhala lamoyo, ndi kubwezeretsedwa—mwinamwake ku moyo wautaliko, wachimwemwe.

Polingalira zoyesayesa zoterozo ndi ndalama mamiliyoni a madola osaŵerengeka owonongedwera m’kufufuzako, kodi nchiyani chimene chakhala chotulukapo? Kodi tikuyandikira kumasuka ku goli la imfa kuposa mmene analiri anthu zikwi mamiliyoni ambiri amene anakhalako ndi kumwalira ife kulibe?

Kodi Ziyembekezo Nzotani?

Poyerekeza ndi zilengezo zotsimikiza ndi zoneneratu za awo amene amadziloŵetsa m’kufufuza koteroko, zingawoneke kuti moyo wautali kuposa umene tazoloŵerana nawo uli pafupi kwenikweni. Nazi zitsanzo zoŵerengeka zotulutsidwa chakumapeto kwa ma 1960.

“Chidziŵitso chimene tikuchisonkhanitsa m’kufufuza kotereku chidzatipatsa zida zimene tikuzifunikira zolimbanirana ndi mdani womalizira—Imfa—pamalo ake enieni. Chidzaika kusakhoza kufa kochepa pafupi nafe . . . Kungabwere mu nthaŵi yathu.”—Alan E. Nourse, sing’anga ndiponso mlembi.

“Tidzachotseratu vuto la ukalamba, kotero kuti ngozi ndizo zidzakhala zochititsa zokha za imfa.”—Augustus B. Kinzel, pa nthaŵiyo prezidenti wa Salk Institute for Biological Studies.

“Kusakhoza kufa (m’lingaliro la kutalikitsidwa kwa moyo kwa nthaŵi yosadziŵika) nkofikirika mwaluso la zopangapanga, osati kokha kwa mbadwa zathu komanso kwa ife eni.”—Robert C. W. Ettinger mu The Prospect of Immortality.

Pamene kuli kwakuti pa nthaŵiyo akatswiri a ukalamba ndi ofufuza onse sanali ndi lingaliro loterolo, kulingalira kwachisawawa kwa akatswiri kunawoneka kuti kuyambira kuchiyambi kwa zaka za zana la 21, ukalamba ukalamuliridwa ndipo moyo ukatalikitsidwa kwambiri.

Popeza tsono tiri pafupi kwambiri ndi kuchiyambi kwa zaka za zana la 21, kodi chithunzi nchotani? Kodi moyo wautaliko, osatchula za kusakhoza kufa, uli pafupi? Lingalirani malongosoledwe awa.

“Akatswiri ambiri a ukalamba angavomereze kuti zino ndi nthaŵi zovuta kwambiri kwa ife. Sitidziŵa zimene zimachititsa kukalamba, sitirinso okhoza kupenda liŵiro la ukalamba m’miyezo yotsimikizirika ya zamankhwala ndi umoyo.”—Journal of Gerontology, September 1986.

“Palibe amene akudziŵa bwino lomwe chimene kachitidwe ka ukalamba kali kapena chifukwa chake umachitikira mosiyana mwa anthu osiyana. Ndipo palibe amene akudziŵa mmene angawonjezerere utali wa moyo wa munthu, mosasamala kanthu za zinenezo zachinyengo ndipo nthaŵi zina zopatsa ngozi za osatsa ‘kutalikitsa moyo’ ndi ena amene amapereka mantha ndi matenda a okalamba.”—FDA Consumer, magazine alamulo a U.S. Food and Drug Administration, October 1988.

Zoneneratu zopangidwa kale ponena za kugonjetsa imfa ndi kutalikitsa moyo ku nthaŵi yosadziŵika ziridi kutenthedwa maganizo kopambanitsa. Kusakhoza kufa kopyolera mwa sayansi kudakali loto wamba. Kodi zimenezi zikutanthauza kuti kufikira patakhala luso lapadera la sayansi kapena luso la zopangapanga, palibe chirichonse chimene chingachitidwe kutalikitsa kapena kuwongolera moyo?

Moyo Wautaliko, Wachimwemwe Tsopano?

Ngakhale kuti ofufuza sanapeze chinsinsi cha moyo wautali, iwo aphunzira zambiri ponena za moyo ndi kukalamba. Ndipo chidziŵitso china chopezedwacho chingagwiritsiridwe ntchito bwino.

Mwachitsanzo, kufufuza kopangidwa ndi zinyama kwavumbula kuti “kudyetsa chakudya chochepa kolamuliridwa kungatalikitse ukulu wa kupulumuka ndi nthaŵi zokwanira maperesenti 50 ndi kuchedwetsa kuwoneka ndi kuwopsya kwa mavuto ogwirizana ndi ukalamba,” ikusimba motero Times ya ku London. Zimenezi zatsogoza ku maphunziro onena za kaya ngati zimenezo zingakhalenso tero kwa anthu.

Monga chotulukapo, m’bukhu lake lakuti The 120-Year Diet, Dr. Roy Walford akuyamikira chakudya chochepa makalole, chochepa mafuta, ndi chakudya chopatsa thanzi chotsagana ndi programu yabwino ya maseŵera olimbitsa thupi. Iye akusonya kwa anthu a ku Okinawa monga chitsanzo. Poyerekezedwa ndi chakudya cha anthu achikatikati a ku Japan, chawo chiri ndi makalole ochepa ndi 40 peresenti; komabe “ali ndi chiŵerengero cha azaka zana chofika kuwirikiza nthaŵi 5 kufika ku 40 kuposa zisumbu zina za ku Japan.”

Anthu a ku chigawo cha Caucasus kumadzulo kwa Soviet Union ali chitsanzo china chosonyezedwa kaŵirikaŵiri cha kukhalitsa. Sula Benet, amene anakhalako pakati pa anthu a ku Caucasus, anasimba m’bukhu lake lakuti How to Live to Be 100 kuti chiŵerengero chachikulu mwachilendo cha anthu amenewo amakhala ndi moyo wathanzi ndipo wokangalika atapyola kale pa msinkhu wa zaka 100, ndipo ambiri akunenedwa kukhala anakhala kwa utali woposa zaka 140. Iye anadziŵitsa kuti “zinthu ziŵiri sizisintha m’kadyedwe ka anthu a ku Caucasus: 1. Osadya mopambanitsa . . . 2. Kudya mavitamini achilengedwe ambiri kuchokera ku ndiwo zamasamba zongothyoledwa kumene.” Kuwonjezerapo, “ntchito yawo imawapatsa osati kokha maseŵera akuthupi komanso chidziŵitso cha kuthandizira kwawo kwatanthauzo ku mudzi wawo.”

Zimene Mungachite

Kodi kusamukira ku Okinawa kapena Caucasus kapena malo ena kumene anthu akumeneko amasangalala ndi moyo wautaliko ndiko yankho? Mwinamwake ayi. Koma pali zinthu zina zimene mungachite. Mungatsanzire zizoloŵezi zabwino za anthu amene akhala kwa nthaŵi yaitali ndi kutsatira chitsogozo cha adokotala aluso, akatswiri a kadyedwe, ndi akatswiri a zaumoyo.

Chifupifupi pa dziko lonse amayamikira moyo wachikatikati. Zimenezi zimatanthauza osati kokha kukhala wodera nkhaŵa ndi unyinji wa chakudya chimene mumadya koma kukhala wamaso kudya zakudya zimene zimapatsa thanzi ndipo zabwino zimene ziripo kwa inu. Ziyambukiro zabwino za maseŵera okhazikika nzodziŵikanso bwino lomwe. Kuyesayesa kokwanira kwa kugwiritsira ntchito malamulo abwino ameneŵa ndi kuchotsa zizoloŵezi zoipa za chitaganya chamakono, monga ngati kusuta ndi kugwiritsira moipa mankhwala ogodomalitsa ndi mowa, sizingangothandiza koma zidzakupangani kudzimva wabwinopo.

Mwanzerudi, ngati tilichitira bwino thupi lathu, tidzakhala aumoyo wabwinopo. Ndipo ngati ndife aumoyo wabwinopo, tidzakhala ndi mwaŵi wabwino wa kukhala ndi moyo wautaliko. Komabe, mosasamala kanthu za zimene tingachite, utali wa moyo wa pa avareji Wabaibulo udakali 70 kapena 80. (Salmo 90:10) Kodi pali chiyembekezo chirichonse chakuti utali wamoyo umenewu ungafutukulidwe, ndipo ngati ndi tero, kwa utali wotani?

[Bokosi patsamba 25]

KODI MULI NDI ZAKA ZINGATI?

Kaya mukudziŵa zimenezo kapena ayi, ndinu wamkulu kuposa mmene mumalingalirira. Sayansi ya kapangidwe ka thupi ikutiuza kuti pobadwa, mokhala mazira a mkazi mumakhala ndi mazira onse, amene adzawatulutsa. Zimenezi zikutanthauza kuti ngati amayi anu anali ndi zaka 30 zakubadwa pa kutenga pakati panu, dzira limene linadzakhala inuyo linali kale ndi zaka 30.

Mwinamwake zimenezo sizikukupangani kudzimva wamkuluko, koma tsiku ndi tsiku, mukukula. Achichepere kapena achikulire, tonsefe tikukalamba, ndipo ambirife ndife okondweretsedwa ndi kuchedwetsa kachitidweko—mwina kukaimitsa kumene.