Lingaliro Lachikatikati la Zosangulutsa

“KUMANGOGWIRA ntchito popanda kuseŵera kumachititsa Jack kukhala mnyamata wogodomala.” Ndemanga imeneyo njozoloŵereka kwambiri lerolino kotero kuti nkosavuta kuiŵala mmene iliri yowona. Kunena zowona, “kumangogwira ntchito popanda kuseŵera” kungachitire Jack zinthu zoipa kwambiri koposa chabe kumchititsa kukhala wogodomala. Kungamchititse kukhala mkonda ntchito kuposa zina zirizonse.

Mwachitsanzo, talingalirani vuto limene labuka ku Japan, dziko lodziŵika ndi malamulo ake antchito olimba. Kaŵirikaŵiri antchito amayembekezeredwa kugwira ntchito ya ovataimu usiku uliwonse ndi pamapeto a mulungu. Maclean’s, nyuzipepala ya ku Canada, inanena kuti wantchito wachikatikati wa ku Japan amathera maola 2,088 pantchito pa chaka chimodzi, poyerekezera ndi maola 1,654 a wantchito wamba wa ku Canada. Komabe, magaziniwo anati: “Makampani a ku Japan analimbana ndi vuto losiyana: antchito amene anakanthidwa ndi karoshi, kapena imfa yochititsidwa ndi kugwira ntchito kopambanitsa. Manyuzipepala anasimba nkhani za amuna amene ali ndi zaka za pakati pa 40 ndi 49 amene anadwala nthenda ya mtima ndi sitroko atagwira ntchito kwa masiku 100 popanda tsiku lakupuma.” Unduna wa zantchito wa Japan unakakamizidwa kuyamba mkupiti wakulengeza, wodzala nyimbo zokopa, kulimbikitsa anthu kupuma pamapeto a mlungu. Nzosiyana chotani nanga ndi kumaiko a Kumadzulo, kumene anthu amakakamizidwa kugwira ntchito mlungu wonse!

Mapindu a Kuseŵera

Komabe, moyenerera, akatswiri ambiri amawona umkonda ntchito kukhala utenda, osati ukoma. Jack amafunikira kuseŵera—ndipo osati chabe pamena ali mnyamata; achikulire ndi achichepere omwe amafunikira zimenezi. Chifukwa? Kodi anthu amapindulanji ndi kupuma, kapena kuseŵera? Bukhu lina lophunzira lonena za nkhaniyi linasanjika zotsatirazi: “Kuwonekera kwa ena, ubwenzi, kugwira ntchito bwino kwa maganizo ndi thupi kapena uchikwanekwane, thanzi lakuthupi, kusiyana kofunikira kapena kusintha kwa programu yankhokera ya ntchito, mpumulo ndi kuŵeruka, mpata wakuyesa kanthu kena katsopano ndi kudziŵana ndi anthu atsopano, kukulitsa maunansi, kulimbitsa banja, kudziŵa chilengedwe, . . . ndipo kungomva bwino popanda kufufuza chifukwa chake. Onseŵa ali ena a mapindu amene anthu amapeza m’kupuma.”

Akatswiri a zakakhalidwe ka anthu alemba mabukhu ambiri pankhani ya kupuma ndi kuseŵera, ndipo amavomereza kuti kupuma nkofunika ponse paŵiri kwa munthu aliyense payekha ndi ku chitaganya. Komabe, kunena zowona, palibe aliyense amene amamvetsetsa bwino chibadwa cha anthu koposa Mlengi wa anthu. Kodi ndimotani mmene iye amawonera nkhaniyi?

Mosiyana ndi zimene ena akuwonekera kukhala akulingalira, Baibulo silimatsutsa kusanguluka ndi kuseŵera. Limatiuza kuti Yehova ndiye Mulungu wachimwemwe ndi kuti amayembekezera atumiki ake nawonso kukhala achimwemwe. (Salmo 144:15b; 1 Timoteo 1:11, NW) Pa Mlaliki 3:1-4, timapezapo mawu akuti pali “mphindi . . . yakuseka” ndi “mphindi yakuvina.” Liwu Lachihebri la “kuseka” panopo nlogwirizana ndi mawu amene amatanthauza “kuseŵera.” Bukhu limodzimodzilo la Baibulo limatiuza kuti “kodi sichabwino kuti munthu adye namwe, nawonetse moyo wake zabwino m’ntchito yake?”—Mlaliki 2:24.

Lerolino, imodzi ya njira zotchuka yokhalira ndi nthaŵi yakupuma ndiyo kusangulutsidwa, kuŵeruka ndi kusangalala ndi chiwonetsero cha maluso a ena. Zimenezo sizirinso zachilendo kwenikweni. Baibulo limasonyeza kuti kwa zaka zikwi zambiri anthu apeza chisangalalo kuwona ena akuvina, kuimba, kuliza zoimbira, kapena kupikisana m’maseŵera.

Monga mtundu wamaseŵera, kusanguluka kungatipindulitse kwambiri. Kodi ndani amene samasangalatsidwa ndi maluso a wochita maseŵera a nyonga, mavinidwe ochititsa kaso a mkazi wovina ballet, kutengeka maganizo kochititsidwa ndi kanema yabwino, yoyenera ya zochitika zosangalatsa, kapena mamvekedwe a nyimbo yokoma amene amakhalabe m’maganizo kwanthaŵi yaitali nyimboyo itatha? Ndipo mosakaikira ambirife takondwa kuŵeruka tikuŵerenga bukhu labwino, kumatembenuza masamba mofulumirapo pamene timwerekera m’nkhani yosimbidwa bwinoyo.

Kusanguluka kotero kungatidzetsere mpumulo, ndipo kungachite zambiri. Kungatitsitsimulenso, kukhazika mtima wathu pansi, kukhudza mtima wathu, kutiseketsa—ndipo ngakhale kutipatsa chidziŵitso. Mwachitsanzo, mabukhu angatiphunzitse zochuluka ponena za chibadwa chaumunthu. Mabukhu a Shakespeare ali chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri pankhaniyi.

Maupandu a Zosangulutsa

Komabe, kuti tikhale ndi lingaliro lachikatikati pa zosangulutsa zamakono, tiyenera kuzindikira maupandu ake ndi mapindu ake. Zambiri zimakambidwa ponena za chiyambukiro choipa cha zosangulutsa, koma kaŵirikaŵiri maupanduwo angaikidwe m’magulu aakulu aŵiri: kuchuluka ndi mkhalidwe wake, kuchulukitsitsa kwa zosangulutsa zimene ziripo ndi zophatikizidwamo. Choyamba tiyeni tipende mkhalidwe wake.

Tikukhala m’nthaŵi zoipa, zimene Baibulo limatcha “nthaŵi zoŵaŵitsa.” (2 Timoteo 3:1) Mosadabwitsa, zosangulutsa zamakono zimasonyeza nyengo yathu, kaŵirikaŵiri m’mbali zake zoipitsitsa. Chiwawa chauchinyama, chisembwere choluluzika, ndi kulabadira kwaumunthu—konga ngati ufuko—zonse zimaloŵetsedwa m’zosangulutsa zotchuka, kuziipitsa m’milingo yosiyanasiyana. Kumbali ina, zimene ziyenera kukhala zosangulutsa zangokhala zaumaliseche ndi zonyansa. Talingalirani zitsanzo zotsatira.

Akanema: Pamsonkhano wolemekeza oseŵera ku Hollywood, ndi mphoto za Oscar, atatu a amuna amene anaikidwa m’gulu la “woseŵera bwino kopambana” chaka chino anachita mbali ya ambanda amisala, onsewo amapha anthu mwauchinyama m’kanemayo. Zamveka kuti mmodzi wa oseŵerawo amazomotola mnofu pankhope ya mkazi pamene akumgwirira chigololo. M’zandalama, imodzi ya akanema opambana koposa inali yotchedwa Basic Instinct. Malinga ndi kupenda kobwerezabwereza, mutu umenewu sumavumbula zenizeni. Kanemayo imayamba ndi kugonana koluluzika pamene mkazi abaya mobwerezabwereza mwamuna yemwe akugonana naye ndi aisi yosongoka, akumadziwaza mwazi pathupi ponse.

Nyimbo: Ponse paŵiri nyimbo za roko za mtundu wa rap ndi nyimbo zosokosa kwambiri posachedwapa zakhala zikutsutsidwa mowonjezerekawonjezereka chifukwa cha vuto la zimene zimaimbidwamo. Nyimbo zimene zimatama mkhalidwe woluluzika wakugonana ndi kuchitiridwa nkhanza, chiwawa ndi udani kumafuko osiyanasiyana ndi apolisi, ndipo ngakhale Kulambira Satana zonsezo zapezeka mwa marekodi a rap ndi nyimbo zosokosa kwambiri. M’madera ena, marekodi okhala ndi zinthu zoluluzika zotero ayenera kulembedwapo chenjezo. Koma monga momwe zasimbidwira, katswiri wa rap wotchedwa Ice-T anavomereza kuti amaimba mawu onyansa m’nyimbo zake kuti chenjezo loterolo lilembedwe basi; limakhalapo kuti likope otengeka maganizo msanga. Prince, katswiri wa nyimbo za roko, anaimba nyimbo yotama kugonana kwa pachibale kwa mbale ndi mlongo wake. Kaŵirikaŵiri, mavidiyo a nyimbo amangothandizira kusonyeza kotheratu chisembwere choluluzika chotero. Vidiyo ya Madonna, katswiri wa nyimbo za pop, ya mutu wakuti Justify My Love, inatchuka pakusonyeza mkhalidwe woluluzika wa kusangulutsidwa ndi kudzivulaza kapena kuvulaza munthu wina ndi mathanyula. Ngakhale MTV, steshoni ya TV ya ku United States imene nthaŵi zina imaulutsa mavidiyo achisembwere momasuka, inakana kuulutsa imeneyi.

Mabukhu: Talingalirani zitsanzo zingapo zopezedwa m’kupenda mabukhu kwa posachedwapa. American Psycho imafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane machitamachita ochititsa kakasi a wambanda amene amachita zinthu zonyansa kwadzawoneni ndi mitembo ya anthu amene amapha, kuphatikizapo kudya nyama yawo. Vox imangosimba za kukambitsirana kwa patelefoni kwanthaŵi yaitali pamene mwamuna ndi mkazi amene sanakumanepo adzutsa chilakolako chakugonana mwakukambitsirana nkhani yodzutsa nyere. Raptor imalongosola za machitachita oluluzika akugonana kwa mahermaphrodite, anthu okhala ndi ziŵalo ziŵiri, cha mwamuna ndi cha mkazi. Mofala manovelo achikondi amavomereza ndi kutama chigololo ndi dama. Mabukhu a nkhani zoseketsa, amene panthaŵi ina anali osavulaza kwenikweni kwa ana, tsopano amasonyeza zithunzithunzi zakugonana, chiwawa, ndi nkhani zamalaulo.

Maseŵera: Mapempho a kuletsa maseŵera a nkhonya akupitirizabe. Mosasamala kanthu za umboni wakuti nkhonya iriyonse yogonjetsera imavulaza ubongo mosachiritsika, ndalama zambiri ndi mamiliyoni a openyerera zimapitiriza kukopera omenyanawo m’bwalo la nkhonya. Oseŵera nkhonya mazana ambiri amenyedwa motero mpaka imfa ndithu.

Komabe, maseŵera ena nawonso achititsadi imfa zochuluka. Sikwachilendo kuŵerenga za kubuka kwa chiwawa pakati pa oseŵera kapena openyerera. Zipolowe zochititsidwa ndi utundu kapena “kukondetsa timu” kolakwika zapha zikwi zambiri m’mabwalo amasewera kuzungulira dziko lonse. Kumenyana ndi ng’ombe, kumene magazini a pamlungu a ku Jeremani a Die Zeit anatcha kukhala “mwinamwake maseŵera ankhanza koposa amene akhalako kufikira nthaŵi zamakono zino,” kwakhala kotchuka posachedwapa ku Spanya ndi kummwera kwa Falansa. Pamene ng’ombe inatunga pamtima katswiri wopha ng’ombe wazaka 21 wotchedwa José Cubero, ngwazi yakufayo pambuyo pake inanyamulidwa m’bokosi lamaliro kuzungulira bwalo lomenyanirana ndi ng’ombe la Madrid apo nkuti anthu omkonda okwanira 15,000 akuchemerera. Imfa yake inasonyezedwanso pa TV ya Spanya mobwerezabwereza.

Kunena zowona, zimenezi ndinkhani zonkitsa, ndipo sizikutanthauza kuti zosangulutsa zonse za ena a magulu osiyanasiyana ameneŵa nzoipa. Koma lingaliro lachikatikati la zosangulutsa liyenera kutithandiza kuvomereza kuti zonkitsa zimenezi ziripo ndipo nzofala. Chifukwa ninji? Eya, kodi simunawone kuti zimene zinali zonkitsa zaka zingapo zapitazo tsopano zikuwoneka kukhala zosachititsa anthu kakasi? Mkupita kwa nthaŵi zinthu zonkitsa zimalandiridwa mosavuta ndi anthu; anthu amazizoloŵera. Kodi inu mudzazoloŵera ziti?

Nkhani ya Kuchuluka

Komabe, ngakhale ngati zosangulutsa zonse zinali zoyera kotheratu, palinso nkhani ya kuchulukitsitsa kwake. Makampani a zosangulutsa apanga zinthu zochuluka ndithu. Mwachitsanzo, ku United States mabukhu osiyanasiyana oposa 110,000 anafalitsidwa mu 1991 mokha. Ngati mungaŵerenge bukhu limodzi kuchokera kuchikuto mpaka kuchikuto patsiku lirilonse, kungakutengereni zaka zoposa 300 kuŵerenga mabukhu a chaka chimodzi chokha! Makampani opanga mafilimu a ku United States amatulutsa akanema oposa 400 pachaka chimodzi, ndipo maiko ambiri amaitanitsa amenewa ndipo iwonso amapanga akanema awo. Makampani a ku India amatulutsa mafilimu a Chihindi mazanamazana chaka chirichonse. Ndipo kodi ndani amene angatenge chiŵerengero cha marekodi, macompact disc, ndi matepi anyimbo amene amatuluka chaka chirichonse? Ndiyeno pali TV.

M’maiko ena otukuka, muli masteshoni ambiri a TV—masteshoni a cable, masetilaiti, ndi oulutsa nkhani zanthaŵi zonse. Zimenezo zikutanthauza kuti zosangulutsa zochuluka zingawonedwe mosalekeza m’nyumba kwa maola 24 patsiku. Maseŵera, nyimbo, drama, nthabwala, sayansi yongopeka, maprogramu akukambitsirana, akanema, zonsezo mwakungosinika batani basi. Pokhala ndi VCR palinso akanema zikwizikwi, limodzi ndi mavidiyo osaŵerengeka olangiza njira yochitira zinthu, mavidiyo anyimbo, ndipo ngakhale matepi ophunzitsa za chilengedwe, mbiri yakale, ndi sayansi.

Koma kodi nthaŵi ya zosangulutsa zonsezi ingapezeke kuti? Luso la zopangapanga lingakhoze kutichitira chozizwitsa cha zosangulutsa zamwamsanga—tayerekezerani mmene Mozart akadabwira kumva imodzi ya nyimbo zake ikuimba pa siteriyo yokhoza kunyamulidwa! Komabe luso la zopangapanga silingathe kupanga nthaŵi yofunika ya zosangulutsa zonsezo. Kwenikweni, m’maiko ena mmene luso la zopangapanga liri lopita patsogolo kwambiri, mkhalidwe umene wafala ngwakuchepekera kwa nthaŵi yakupuma, mmalo mwakukhala ndi yowonjezereka.

Ngati tizilola, zosangulutsa zingatidyere mosavuta nthaŵi yathu yonse yakupuma. Ndipo tiyenera kukumbukira kuti zosangulutsa ziri kokha mtundu wina wa zamaseŵera, kaŵirikaŵiri wongokhala basi wosachita kanthu. Ambiri a ife timafunikiranso kutulukira kunja ndi kuchita kanthu kena kuposa kungokhala chabe, kutenga mbali m’kanthuko mmalo mwakungokhala ndi kusangulutsidwa. Pali kokawongola miyendo kumene tingapite, mabwenzi abwino amene tingasangalale nawo, ndi maseŵero owachita.

Ngati kuli kulakwa kulola zosangulutsa kutidyera nthaŵi yathu yonse yakupuma, kulidi koipirapo chotani nanga kuzilola kuwononga nthaŵi imene iyenera kuthedwera pamathayo ofunika koposa, onga ngati a kwa Mlengi wathu, mabanja athu, ntchito yathu, ndi mabwenzi athu! Pamenepa, kulidi kofunika kwambiri kukhala ndi lingaliro lachikatikati la zosangulutsa! Kodi ndimotani mmene tingadziŵire zosangulutsa zimene ziri zoipa kwa ife, ndipo ndimlingo wotani umene uli wopambanitsa?

[Zithunzi patsamba 7]

Zosangulutsa zina zingakhudze mitima yathu ndi kutipatsa chidziŵitso