Achichepere Akufunsa Kuti . . .

Masitayelo—Kodi Kukopa Kwake Kuli Pati?

AVERY wachichepere ali mmodzi wa zikwi zambiri—mwinamwake mamiliyoni ambiri—a anyamata ndi atsikana amene atengeka ndi sitayelo yofala ya kuvala masikipa olembedwa mawu. Ndithudi, masikipa olembedwa mawu akhalako kwa nthaŵi yaitali; mwinamwake makolo anu anawavala pamene anali anyamata. Komabe, malinga ndi kunena kwa magazini a Newsweek, pali mbali yachilendo ya sitayelo imeneyi. Anyamata ndi atsikana ena tsopano “akudzionetsera ndi masikipa osonyeza mauthenga onyansa.”

Masikipa atsopano ameneŵa ali ndi mawu amene ochuluka a iwo sayenera kusindikizidwa nkomwe. Amaphatikizapo mawu onyoza fuko ndi mawu otukwana akazi. Otsatira sitayelo imeneyi amaoneka kukhala osadera nkhaŵa kwambiri ndi mmene ena—kuphatikizapo makolo awo—amaonera mawu onyansa amenewo. Pamene Andrea wazaka 18 anafunsa mnyamata wina chifukwa chimene anavalira sikipa ina ya mawu onyansa kwambiri, “iye anasoŵa chonena, anangopereka zodzikhululukira zonga zakuti, ‘Ndi yambambande’ ndi ‘Aliyense amaivala.’”

M’zaka makumi ambiri zapitazo, masitayelo mazanamazana akopa anyamata ndi atsikana. Ina ya masitayelo ofala koposa—ndi yopezetsa ndalama—inali ya Hula-Hoop imene inakhala yofala ku United States kalelo m’ma 1950. Zaka zingapo chaka chimenecho chisanafike, kumeza goldfish yamoyo ndi kuona kuti ndi chiŵerengero cha anthu angati amene akatha kuloŵa m’kanyumba koimbira telefoni kunali kofala. M’zaka za posachedwapa, mavinidwe a break dance, ma jean otumbuluka, ma skateboard, ndi “streaking” (kuthamanga maliseche pa anthu) zonsezo zakhala zofala. Mlembi wina wa Baibulo anati: “Maonekedwe a dziko ili [akusintha, NW].” (1 Akorinto 7:31) Lerolino, masitayelo ambiri—ena ophatikizapo opusa ndi owopsa—ali ofala pakati pa anyamata ndi atsikana.

Anyamata ndi Atsikana ndi Masitayelo Awo a Kavalidwe

Mwachitsanzo, tatengani kavalidwe. Malinga ndi kunena kwa magazini a Time, nyimbo za rap (kaŵirikaŵiri zotchedwa hip-hop) “mwinamwake tsopano zili zinthu zimene America akugulitsa koposa kumaiko ena chiyambire microchip, zikumafunga, kulamulira kotheratu, khalidwe la anyamata ndi atsikana padziko lonse.” Koma, monga momwe mudziŵira, rap siili nyimbo chabe. Time ikuwonjezera kuti: “Rap ilinso chinthu cha m’fashoni padziko lonse. Zovala zosiyanasiyana m’matauni a America—mabuluku okhuthukira, ma sneaker okwera mtengo, ma sweatshirt okhala ndi zisoti, zokometsera zonyezimira mopambanitsa—zimapezeka kulikonse.” Kuchirikizidwa kwake mopambanitsa ndi magulu oimba otchuka—ndi mavidiyo a nyimbo—kwachititsa masitayelo a hip-hop kukhala ofunidwa kwambiri.

Zovala zokhuthukira zimenezo zili zokwera mtengo kwambiri—kaŵirikaŵiri mtengo wa ma sneaker ofika mu akakolo umakhala wokwera kwadzaoneni! Koma anyamata ndi atsikana ambiri amaganiza kuti zili zoyenerana ndi mtengo wakewo. Malinga ndi kunena kwa mnyamata wina wotchedwa Marcus, “ngati suvala zovala zokhuthukira, sindiwe wogwirizana ndi hip hop.”

Zimenezo zili bwino kwa anyamata ndi atsikana amene amakonda maonekedwe ofala “grunge.” Ma jean obookabooka ndi mashati a mizera yopingasa a mavalidwe amsala ameneŵa anatchukitsidwa ndi magulu a rock akabisira a ku America. Mlembi wina anatcha zovala za “grunge” zimenezo kukhala “umphaŵi wongonamizira.” Zili zongonamiziradi. Zovala zopanda udongo zimenezi zimakhala zokwera mtengo kwambiri. Ndiyeno pali “masitayelo oyambitsa zakale.” Malinga ndi kunena kwa magazini a ku Canada a Maclean’s, ameneŵa ndi “mafashoni amene amayambitsanso masitayelo akumapeto kwa ma 1960 ndi kuchiyambiyambi kwa ma 1970.” Achikulire amangopenya mozizwa pamene anyamata ndi atsikana amalipira ndalama zambiri kaamba ka zinthuzo—zonga nsapato zazitali ndi mabuluku a bell-bottom—zimene zinaoneka ngati zachikale kwa nthaŵi yaitali mofanana ndi nyimbo za disco.

Ziŵiya Zamagetsi Zoonedwa Monga Fashoni

Chitsanzo china cha mmene anyamata ndi atsikana angasandulizire pafupifupi chilichonse kukhala fashoni ndicho ma pager, kapena ma beeper amagetsi a m’thumba. Ngakhale kuti ziŵiyazo poyambirira zinalinganizidwira kugwiritsiridwa ntchito ndi madokotala ndi akatswiri ena oyembekezera kuitanidwa kuntchito, posapita nthaŵi zinafala pakati pa amalonda a anamgoneka a m’matauni. Ma beeper anapeputsira zinthu ogulitsa anamgoneka polinganiza malo okumanira ndi omwe angakhale makasitomala awo. Malinga ndi kunena kwa The New York Times, “[ma pager a m’thumba] anagwiritsiridwa ntchito mofala kwambiri kwakuti anakhala chizindikiro cha amalonda a anamgoneka.” Pamenepa, nkosadabwitsa kwambiri kuti mabungwe a sukulu m’dziko lonselo anayamba kuletsa zipangizo zazing’onozo pasukulu!

Komabe, zimenezo sizinaphule kanthu. Ma beeper akhala ofala kwambiri pakati pa anyamata ndi atsikana a m’tauni. Ena amawagwiritsira ntchito pazifuno zawo zimene anapangidwira, monga zipangizo zolankhulirana, zokhozetsa makolo awo kudziŵa bwino kumene iwo ali kapena kuwaitana patabuka zamwadzidzidzi. Koma kwa anyamata ndi atsikana ena, chipangizocho changokhala chinthu cha m’fashoni. Malinga ndi kunena kwa Times, “achinyamata amaika ma beeper m’zola, m’matumba a majekete ndi m’malamba. Pali mawotchi a ma beeper, mataye a ma beeper, mapeni a ma beeper, ndi ma beeper obiriŵira, a pinki ndi ofiira, ndi ma beeper wamba akale akuda ndi odera.” Pamene kuli kwakuti achikulire amangogwirizanitsa ma beeper ndi kugwiritsira ntchito anamgoneka, mkulu wapolisi wina ku New York City akuti: “Iwo alidi malonda oyenda kwambiri. Ndi achichepere oŵerengeka mwa amene ali ndi zipangizozo amene amagwiritsira ntchito anamgoneka, koma unyinji wawo samatero. Yangokhala sitayelo.”

Masitayelo—Achilendo ndi Owopsa

Pamene kuli kwakuti masitayelo a kavalidwe angakhale abwinopo ngati ali oyenera, ndi onyansa ngati ali opambanitsa, masitayelo ena ofala amaoneka kukhala opanda pake kotheratu. Pofuna kukhala ndi thupi lowonda mofanana ndi anthu ena otchuka, atsikana ambiri amatengera sitayelo ya kulamulira kadyedwe—popanda kulingalira kwambiri za zimene zingachitikire thanzi ndi moyo wawo. “Dziko lonseli nlotengeka maganizo ndi za kulamulira kadyedwe,” akulemba motero Alvin Rosenbaum. “Tangopendani mpambo wa mabuku 10 ogulidwa kwambiri ndipo kaŵirikaŵiri mudzapeza kuti pali buku la kadyedwe.” Rosenbaum akutchula kuti ambiri a mabuku ofala ameneŵa amachirikiza zakudya zosagwira thupi. Akatswiri ambiri amanena kuti kunyanyuka kwa kufuna kuwondako ndiko kumachititsa kuchuluka kowopsa kwa mavuto akadyedwe—onga anorexia nervosa—pakati pa achinyamata.a

Masitayelo ena okometserera kaonekedwe kaumwini angakhalenso owopsa—ndi achilendo. Malinga ndi kunena kwa nkhani ina mu Newsweek, “kusindikiza mawu kapena zithunzi pathupi, luso la anthu osatsungula ndi apandu, kwakhala kukumafalikira pang’onopang’ono m’zamafashoni.” Posonkhezeredwa ndi zitsanzo za anthu otchuka a mu akanema ndi oimba nyimbo za rock za heavy-metal, anyamata ndi atsikana ena amalakalaka mpata wakuti asindikizidwe mawu kapena zithunzi zochuluka zachikhalire pamatupi awo. Machenjezo a madokotala a kuthekera kwa kutenga nthenda ya kutupa chiŵindi ndi kuyambukiridwa moipa ndi inki yosindikizira amachita ngati kuti samawawopsa.

Nanga bwanji ponena za sitayelo yochititsa kakasi ya kuboola thupi? Pamene kuli kwakuti kuboola makutu kungakhale mwambo wa akazi m’mafuko ena, ena achita monkitsa nabooletsa malilime ndi michombo yawo mmene amakoloweka zokometsera zazikulu. Kwa mnyamata kapena mtsikana aliyense wotsimikiza mtima kukwiyitsa makolo ake, nkovuta kusankha chinthu china chonyansitsa kusiyapo chipini cha pamphuno chachikulu.

Masitayelo—Kodi Chili Kumbuyo Kwake Nchiyani?

Buku la Adolescents and Youth limamasulira sitayelo kukhala “fashoni ya apa ndi apa yosakhalitsa yofanana kwambiri ndi kulambira. Malinga ndi mamasuliridwe masitayelo ali akanthaŵi ndi osatsimikizirika, ndipo ali ofala kwambiri pakati pa achinyamata.” Koma kodi kwenikweni nchiyani chimene mwadzidzidzi chimachititsa anyamata ndi atsikana mamiliyoni ambiri kuvala ma jean okhuthukira kapena kunyamula ma beeper? Ozipanga ndi osatsa malonda ake angakondwe kwambiri kupeza yankho la sayansi pa funsolo. Nkhani ina m’magazini a ku Britain a The Economist inavomerezera kuti: “Masitayelo ndi mafashoni zikuoneka kukhala zovuta kuzifotokoza bwino.”

Komabe, buku la Adolescents and Youth limayesa kupereka chifukwa chake, likumati: “Zinthu zosiyanasiyana zingasonyeze chifukwa chake pali kufalikira kwa masitayelo: chikhumbo cha kukopa ena; kufunitsitsa kugwirizana ndi zimene ausinkhu wawo amayamikira; kufuna kukhala wosiyana monga munthu payekha ndipo monga timagulu ta ausinkhu umodzi; ndi kukopeka ndi zachilendo.” Mnyamata wina ananena mosavuta kuti: “High school [sukulu ya sekondale] ili nthaŵi yabwino yosonyezera kunyanyuka ndi kukutulutsa mwa iwe mwini.”

Baibulo silimatsutsa khalidwe lachinyamata. Kwenikweni, ilo limati: “Achicheperenu, kondwerani ndi unyamata wanu. Sangalalani mukali ana. Chitani zimene mufuna kuchita, ndipo tsatirani chikhumbo cha mtima wanu.” Komabe, Baibulo limawonjezera pa chilangizocho chenjezo ili: “Koma kumbukirani kuti Mulungu adzakuweruzani pa zonse zimene muchita.” (Mlaliki 11:9, Today’s English Version) Polingalira za chilangizo champhamvu chimenechi, kodi ndimotani mmene mnyamata ndi mtsikana Wachikristu ayenera kuchitira ndi masitayelo atsopano? Kodi muyenera kukhala woyamba kususukira sitayelo imeneyo? Nkhani yathu yotsatira mumpambo uno idzapereka chilangizo chothandiza ponena za nkhaniyi.

[Mawu a M’munsi]

[Mawu Otsindika patsamba 15]

“Masikipa ameneŵa . . . Aliyense akuwavala.” Avery wazaka 17.

[Chithunzi patsamba 16]

Kuboola thupi ndi kusindikiza mawu kapena zithunzi pathupi kwakhala kofala