William Whiston

WHISTON ndi wodziwika bwino makamaka kwa anthu amene amakonda kuwerenga Baibulo, chifukwa choti anamasulira m’Chingelezi zimene wolemba mbiri wina wachiyuda, dzina lake Flavius Josephus analemba. Zimene Josephus analembazo zimathandiza anthu kudziwa zokhudza mbiri ya Ayuda komanso Akhristu oyambirira.

ZIMENE WHISTON ANKAKHULUPIRIRA

Whiston ankaphunzira mwakhama zinthu zosiyanasiyana, makamaka zokhudza sayansi ndi chipembedzo. Ankakhulupirira kuti zimene Baibulo limanena zokhudza mmene zinthu zinalengedwera ndi zoona. Ankaonanso kuti zinthu za m’chilengedwechi zimachita zinthu mogometsa ndiponso zimayenda mwadongosolo. Kwa iye umenewu unali umboni wakuti pali winawake wanzeru amene anazilenga.

Whiston ankakhulupiriranso kuti matchalitchi achikhristu anagawikana n’kupanga zipembedzo zambirimbiri chifukwa cha zimene atsogoleri a chipembedzo ankachita. Iwo sankaphunzitsa zimene Baibulo limanena. M’malomwake ankaphunzitsa maganizo a anthu ndi a abambo a tchalitchi.

Whiston ankaona kuti zimene Baibulo limaphunzitsa zokhudza Mulungu n’zoona. Choncho anatsutsa chiphunzitso choti anthu oipa akafa amakawotchedwa kumoto. Ankaona kuti chiphunzitso chimenechi chimanyoza Mulungu, n’chosamveka komanso chimapangitsa anthu kuganiza kuti Mulungu ndi wankhanza. Koma chimene chinapangitsa kuti akuluakulu a tchalitchi adane naye kwambiri n’choti iye ankatsutsa chiphunzitso cha Utatu. Chiphunzitsochi chimati pali Mulungu Atate, Mulungu Mwana ndi Mulungu Mzimu ndipo onse ndi ofanana, koma amapanga mulungu mmodzi.

ANACHOTSEDWA NTCHITO NDIPO ANZAKE ANAYAMBA KUMUSALA’

Whiston atafufuza mozama anapeza kuti Akhristu oyambirira sankaphunzitsa kuti pali milungu itatu mwa Mulungu mmodzi. Koma chiphunzitsochi chinayamba pamene Akhristu anayamba kutsatira mfundo za anthu amene sankalambira Mulungu.a Anzake anamuuza kuti asafalitse zimene wapezazo chifukwa zikhoza kumuika m’mavuto. Komabe Whiston sanalole zimenezi chifukwa ankaona kuti ndi bwino anthu adziwe kuti Yesu ndi Mwana wa Mulungu ndipo anachita kulengedwa.

Whiston ankadziwa kuti akhoza kuchotsedwa ntchito chifukwa akuluakulu a yunivesite ya Cambridge ankachotsa ntchito munthu aliyense amene ankaphunzitsa zinthu zosiyana ndi zimene tchalitchi cha Anglican chinkaphunzitsa. Komabe Whiston anaona kuti ankayenera kufalitsa zimene anapezazo. Iye analemba kuti: “Palibe . . . chimene chingandiletse kufalitsa zimenezi.” Izi zinali zosiyana ndi zimene Newton anachita chifukwa nayenso ankaona kuti chiphunzitso cha Utatu n’chabodza, koma sanauze anthu zimene anapeza.

Mu 1710, Whiston anachotsedwadi ntchito. Chifukwa choti Whiston sanalole kusiya zimene ankakhulupirira, “anachotsedwa ntchito ndipo anzake anayamba kumusala.” Koma zimenezi sizinamubweze m’mbuyo. Ndipotu, pa nthawi imene anthu ankamunena kuti akuphunzitsa zinthu zachilendo, Whiston analemba nkhani zingapo zofotokoza Chikhristu chenicheni chimene otsatira a Yesu ankatsatira. Kenako, Whiston anayambitsa gulu lolimbikitsa kuti anthu azitsatira Chikhristu choyambirira ndipo ankakumana kunyumba kwake ku London.

Ngakhale kuti anali atachotsedwa ntchito ndipo anakhala pa mavuto a zachuma kwa kanthawi, Whiston anapitirizabe kulemba nkhani zake komanso ankapita m’malo ogulitsira khofi ku London n’kumakauza anthu zimene ankakhulupirira. Pofuna kuthandiza anthu kudziwa mbiri ya Chikhristu choyambirira, mu 1737 Whiston anatulutsa buku lomwe analimasulira kuchokera ku zimene Josephus analemba. Bukuli likusindikizidwabe mpaka pano.

Whiston anali munthu wolimba mtima. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, wolemba mabuku wina dzina lake James E. Force, ananena kuti anthu ambiri amaona kuti Whiston “anali wosiyana ndi anthu ena.” Ena amamuona kuti anali katswiri wa Baibulo, wakhama pofufuza nkhani zokhudza chipembedzo komanso sankasintha maganizo pa zimene ankakhulupirira ngakhale kuti anthu ambiri ankamutsutsa.