Mutu 5

Kodi Akufa Ali Kuti?

1. Kodi ndi mafunso otani amene anthu amawafunsa mofala ponena za akufa?

KAPENA munayamba mwakhala nalo lingaliro la kuthedwa nzeru limene limadza pamene wokondedwa wanu atayika mu imfa. Pa zocitika zoterozo anthu ambiri amaona kukhala opanda cocita kuonjezera pa cisoni caoco. Kumakhala kwacizolowezi nthawi zonse kudabwa kuti: Kodi nciani cimene cimamcitikira munthu pamene wafa? Kodi iye amakhala wamoyobe kwina kwake? Kodi pali ciyembekezo ceniceni cakuti akufa adzakhalanso ndi moyo? Baibulo liri nalo yankho lotonthoza kwambiri pa mafunso awa.

2. Kodi Baibulo limanena kuti nciani cimene cinacitika kwa munthu woyambayo Adamu pa kufa kwace, ndipo motero kodi imfa ndi ciani?

² Kulongosola kwacidule ndiko kwakuti, imfa iri yosiyana ndi moyo. Pakumpatsa ciweruzo munthu woyambayo Adamu cifukwa ca kusamvera kwace kwadala, Mulungu anati: “Udzabwerera ku nthaka: cifukwa kuti ndiwe pfumbi, ndi kupfumbiko udzabwerera.” (Genesis 3:19) Tsopano talingalirani kuti: Kodi Adamu anali kuti Mulungu asanamlenge kucokera ku pfumbi ndi kumpatsa iye moyo? Eya, iye kunalibe. Pamene anafa Adamu anabwerera ku mkhalidwe womwewo wa kupanda moyo, wopanda cikumbumtima. Iye sanapite ku helo wa moto kapena ku madalitso akumwamba, koma anafa—monga momwe Mulungu ananenera kuti adzafa.—Genesis 2:17.

3. Kodi nciani cimene Mlaliki 9:5, 10 amanena ponena za mkhalidwe wa akufa, ndipo kodi nciani cimene cimakacitikira kalingaliridwe ka munthu pa imfa?

³ Baibulo momvekera bwino limaphunzitsa kuti akufa amakhala opanda cikumbumtima ndi opanda moyo m’manda. Taonani zimene Mlaliki 9:5, 10 (AV) amanena ponena za mkhalidwe wa akufa: “Pakuti amoyo amadziwa kuti adzafa: koma akufa sadziwa kanthu kalikonse, alibe mphotho; pakuti angoiwalika. Cinthu ciriconse cimene dzanja lako licipeza kucicita, cicite ndi mphamvu yako yonse; pakuti kulibe nchito, ngakhale kulingalira, ngakhale kudziwa, ngakhale nzeru, kumandako, kumene ukupita.” Ici cikutanthauza kuti akufa sangacite kanthu kalikonse ndipo sangalingalire kanthu kalikonse. Malingaliro ao amakhala atatha, monga momwe Baibulo limalongosolera: “Musamakhulupirira zinduna, kapena mwana wa munthu, amene mulibe cipulumutso mwa iye. Mpweya wace ucoka, abwerera kunka ku nthaka yace; tsiku lomwelo zotsimikiza mtima zace zitayika.”—Sal. 146:3, 4, AV [145:2-4, Dy].

KODI MUNTHU AMAKHALA NDI MOYO WOSAFA?

4. Kodi nciani cimene Numeri 31:28 amacibvumbula ponena za liu lakuti “moyo”?

⁴ Koma bwanji ponena za moyo? Kodi suli mbali ya munthu imene imacoka m’thupi lace pakufa ndi kupitirizabe kukhala wamoyo? Kuti tiliyankhe funso ili moyenerera tifunikira kuti titsimikizire cimene moyo uli. Inu mungadabwe podziwa kuti nyama limodzinso ndi anthu amachedwa “zamoyo” m’Malemba ouziridwa. Mwacitsanzo, Numeri 31:28, NW, amalankhula za “moyo umodzi [Cihebri, nephʹesh] mwa mazana asanu, mwa anthu ndi mwa ng’ombe ndi mwa aburu, ndi mwa nkhosa.”—Onaninso Cibvumbulutso 16:3, kumene liu Lacigriki kaamba ka “moyo,” psykhé limaonekerako.

5. Kodi ndi motani mmene Baibulo limaulongosolera moyo?

⁵ Pamenepo, kodi nciani cimene ciri moyo? Tiyeni tione cimene Mau a Mlengi mwiniyo olembedwa amanena ponena za uwo. Pa Genesis 2:7 timawerenga kuti: “Ndipo Yehova Mulungu anaumba munthu ndi dothi lapansi, nauzira mpweya wa moyo (life), m’mphuno mwace; munthuyo nakhala wamoyo (living soul).”

6. Kodi ndi zenizeni za Baibulo zotani ponena za moyo zimene zimasonyeza kuti uwo sungakhale cinthu cosaonekera bwino cimene cingakhalebe ndi moyo citacoka mwa munthu? Cotero kodi moyo waumunthu nciani?

⁶ Conde, onani kuti Mulungu atamuyambitsa munthuyo kupuma ‘munthuyo anakhala wamoyo.’ Cifukwa ca cimeneco munthuyo anali moyo, monga momwe munthu amene amafikira kukhala dotolo amachedwa dotolo. (1 Akorinto 15:45) Popeza kuti moyo waumunthuwo ndiwo munthu mwiniyo, pamenepo sungakhale cinthu cina cosatsimikizirika cimene cimangokhala m’thupi kapena cimene cingakhalebe munthuyo ali kwina. Mogwirizana ndi ceniceni cimeneci, Baibulo limalongosola momvekera bwino kuti moyo waumunthu umakhala nayo mikhalidwe yakuthupi. Mwacitsanzo, Baibulo limalankhula zakuti moyo umafuna cakudya cakuthupi, kumati: “Moyo wanga ukhumba kudya nyama.” (Deuteronomo 12:20; onaninso Levitiko 17:12.) Ndiponso, ilo limanena kuti miyoyo imakhala ndi mwazi umene umayenda m’mitsempha yace, pakuti limalankhula za “mwazi wa miyoyo ya aumphawi osacimwa.” (Yeremiya 2:34) Inde, moyo wanu ndi inuyodi, limodzi ndi mikhalidwe yanu yonse yakuthupi ndi ya maganizo.—Miyambo 2:10.

7. Pamene Baibulo limagwiritsira nchito liu lakuti “moyo wanga” kodi ilo limanena za ciani?

⁷ Pamenepo, nanga bwanji ponena za malemba amene amagwiritsira nchito malongosoledwe akuti “moyo wanga,” kapena awo amene amalankhula za moyo wa munthu monga ngati kuti uli mkati mwace? Malemba amenewa, ndithudi, ayenera kugwirizana ndi malemba amene alingaliridwa kalewo, pakuti sipangakhale kuombana m’Mau a Mulungu. Cifukwa ca cimeneco, kumafikira kukhala koonekera bwino kuti liu lakuti “moyo” lingagwiritsiridwe nchito m’malingaliro osiyanasiyana. Nthawi zina limanena za munthu mwiniyo kukhala moyo. Cotero monga momwe munthu amanenera kuti “ine” iyenso anganene kuti “moyo wanga,” kumatanthauza cinthu cimodzimodzico. Motero wamasalmoyo analemba kuti: “Moyo wanga wasungunuka ndi cisoni.”—Salmo 119:28 [118:28, Dy].

8. (a) Kodi ndi mu njira yina yotani liu lakuti “moyo” lingagwiritsiridwenso nchito? Cotero kodi munthu wamoyo anganenedwe moyenerera kuti “ali ndi moyo”? (b) Kodi ndi zolembedwa za Baibulo zotani zimene zimanena zakuti munthu angataye mphamvu yace ya moyo kapena moyo?

⁸ “Moyo” ungatanthauzenso mphamvu ya moyo imene munthu amasangalala nayo monga wamoyo kapena munthu. Tsopano, tinganene kuti winawace ali wamoyo, kumatanthauza kuti ali munthu wamoyo. Kapena tinganene kuti iye ali ndi mphamvu ya moyo, kumatanthauza kuti iye ali ndi mphamvu ya moyo monga munthu. Mu njira imodzimodziyo, munthu, malinga ndi kunena kwa Baibulo, ali camoyo; koma, ku utali umene iye akali moyo, iye anganenedwe kukhala kuti “ali ndi moyo.” Cotero, monga mowe tingalankhulire zakuti munthu wataya moyo wace, mphamvu yace ya moyo, tingalankhulenso za kutaya moyo wace. Yesu anati: “Pakuti adzapindulanji munthu, akalandira dziko lonse, nataya moyo wace?” (Mateyu 16:26, AV) Pamene Rakele anali ndi bvuto pa kubala Benjamini, moyo wace (kapena mphamvu ya moyo monga moyo) unamcokera ndipo anafa. (Genesis 35:16-19) Iye anasiya kukhala munthu wamoyo ndipo anakhala mtembo. Ndipo pamene mneneri Eliya anacita coziziwitsa mogwirizana ndi mwana wakufa, moyo wa mwanayo (kapena mphamvu ya moyo monga moyo) unalowanso mwa iye ndipo “nakhalanso moyo.” Iye kaciwirinso anali wamoyo.—1 Mafumu 17:17-23.a

9. (a) Kodi Baibulo limanena kuti moyo waumunthu uli wosafa? (b) Kodi ndi malemba ati amene amasonyeza kuti moyo waumunthu ungafe?

⁹ Popeza kuti moyo ndiwo munthu mwiniyo, kodi nciani cimene cimaucitikira moyo pa imfa? Baibulo limalongosola momvekera bwino kwambiri pakumanena kuti moyo uli wokhoza kufa, pakumati: “Moyo wocimwawo ndiwo udzafa.” (Ezekieli 18:4, 20) Mtumwi Petro anagwira mau kucokera ku zolembedwa za Mose zonena za Yesu, akumati: “Ndipo kudzali, kuti wamoyo aliyense samvera mneneri ameneyu, adzasakazidwa konse mwa anthu.” (Macitidwe 3:23) Mogwirizana ndi coonadi camaziko ici, palibe ngakhale vesi limodzi lirilonse la Baibulo limene limanena kuti kaya moyo waumunthu kapena wanyama uli wosafa, wosatheka kufa, wosaonongeka kapena wosakhoza kuthetsedwa. Komabe, pali malemba ambirimbiri amene amasonyeza kuti moyo ungafe kapena ungaphedwe. (Levitiko 23:30; Yakobo 5:20) Ngakhale ponena za Yesu Kristu Baibulo limanena kuti: “Iye anathira moyo wace ku imfa.” (Yesaya 53:12) Pamenepo, ife tikuona kuti moyo waumunthu ndiwo munthu mwiniyo, ndipo pamene munthuyo afa, uli moyo waumunthuwo umene umafa.

10. Kodi ndi cisokonezeko ca mau awiri ati cimene cacititsa kusamvana kuwakukuru konena za imfa?

¹⁰ Kumva molakwa kwakukuru konena za imfa kwakhalapo cifukwa ca cisokonekero ca m’maganizo mwa anthu ambiri ponena za tanthauzo la “moyo” ndi “mzimu.” Baibulo limasonyeza kuti siziri zofanana, monga momwe tidzaonera.

KODI MZIMU WOKHALA MU ZAMOYO NDIWO CIANI?

11. (a) Malinga ndi kunena kwa Yobu 34:14, 15, kodi ndi zinthu ziwiri ziti zimene munthu ayenera kukhala nazo kuti akhalebe wamoyo? (b) Talongosolani cimene ciriconse ca zimenezi cimatanthauza.

¹¹ Kucokera pa Yobu 34:14, 15 timamva kuti pali zinthu ziwiri zimene munthu (kapena colengedwa cina ciriconse ca pa dziko lapansi cokhala ndi cikumbumtima) ayenera kukhala nazo m’malo mwakuti akhale wamoyo: mzimu ndi mpweya. Pamenepo timawerenga kuti: “Akadzikumbukila [Mulungu} yekha mumtima mwace, akadzisonkhanitsira yekha mzimu [Cihebri, ru’ahh] wace ndi mpweya [Cihebri, neshamah’] wace, zamoyo zonse zidzatsirizika pamodzi, ndi munthu adzabwerera ku pfumbi.” Ife timadziwa kuti munthu woyambayo anapangidwa ndi Mulungu kucokera mu “dothi lapansi,” ndiko kuti, zipangizo zotengedwa kucokera mu nthaka. Pa nthawi imene Adamu analengedwa, Mulungu anawacititsa mabiliyoni ocuruka a maselo okhala m’thupi mwace kuti akhale amoyo, kuti mwa iwo mukhale mphamvu ya moyo. Mphamvu yogwira nchito ya moyo imeneyi ndiyo imene ikutanthauzidwa panopo mwa liu lakuti “mzimu” (ru’ahh). Koma kuti mphamvu ya moyoyo ipitirizebe kukhalapo mu lirilonse la maselo okhala mwa Adamu mabiliyoni ocurukawo, iwo anafunikira mpweya, ndipo umenewuwo unayenera kuperekedwa mwa kupuma. Cotero, kenaka Mulungu “nauzira mpweya [neshamah’] wa moyo m’mphuno mwace.” Pamenepo mapapo a Adamu anayamba kugwira nchito ndipo mwa kutero kuicirikiza mwa kupuma mphamvu ya moyo ya maselo a m’thupi lace.—Genesis 2:7, AV.

12. Taucitirani fanizo “mpweya wamoyo” ndi cimene cingamcitikire mwana amene wangobadwa kumene.

¹² Ici cinali cofanana ndi cimene cimawacitikira ana ena amene amakhala atangobadwa kumene. Ngakhale kukhale kwakuti muli moyo mwa mwanayo pamene abadwa, nthawi zina iye samayamba kupuma iye atangobadwa. Dotolo amakuona uko kukhala koyenera kummenya pha m’matako mwanayo kumpangitsa iye kuti ayambe kupuma, pakuti popanda kupuma mwanayo angafe posacedwa. Coteronso, moyo umene unali m’maselo a thupi la Adamulo unayenera kucirikizidwa mwa kupuma m’malo mwakuti adamu azicite zinthu zimene munthu wamoyo amazicita.

13. (a) Kodi mzimu umakhala ndi maonekedwe aceace? (b) Pogwiritsira nchito citsanzo ca galimoto, kodi mzimu ungayerekezedwe ndi ciani?

¹³ Pamene kuli kwakuti moyo waumunthuwo ndiwo munthu wamoyo iye mwiniyo, mzimu wangokhala kokha mphamvu ya moyo imene imamtheketsa munthu ameneyo kukhala wamoyo. Mzimu ulibe maonekedwe, ndiponso sungazicite zinthu zimene munthu angazicite. Uwo sumalingalira, kulankhula, kumva, kuona kapena kuganizira. Pa cifukwa ca cimeneco, ungayerekezedwe ndi mphamvu ya magetsi ya batire la galimoto. Mphamvu imeneyo ingayambitse injeni kupereka mphamvu, kuwapangitsa magetsi kuyaka, kuipangitsa hutara kulira, kapena kuipangitsa wailesi ya m’galimotolo kuyamba kuimba ndi kulankhula. Koma, pacikhala popanda injeni, magetsi, hutara kapena wailesi, kodi mphamvu ya batire imeneyi ingacicite ciriconse ca zinthu zimenezi mwa iyo yokha? Ai, pakuti yangokhala kokha mphamvu imene imazitheketsa zipangizozo kuzicita zinthu zimenezo.

14. Kodi nyama zimakhala ndi mphamvu ya moyo kapena mzimu wofanana ndi wa munthu?

¹⁴ Mzimu umenewu kapena mphamvu ya moyo imapezeka mu zamoyo zonse, pokhala ikumapitirizidwira kucokera kwa makolo kunka kwa mbadwa pa nthawi ya kutenga mimba. Motero, Mulungu anamuuza Nowa kuti iye adzadzetsa cigumula ca madzi “kuti ciononge mnofu uliwonse, mu umene muli mphamvu yogira nchito [ru’ahh, mzimu] ya moyo,” ponse pawiri wa nyama ndi anthu.—Genesis 6:17, NW, m’mphepete, kusindikiza kwa 1953; onaninso 7:15, 22 AV, mau a m’mphepete.

15. Kodi ndi motani mmene Mlaliki 3:19, 20 amasonyezera kuti anthu ndi nyama zomwe ali ndi mzimu umenewu kapena mphamvu ya moyo?

¹⁵ Cifukwa cakuti zonse zimakhala ndi mphamvu ya moyo imodzimodziyo kapena mzimu, munthu ndi nyama onse amafa mu mkhalidwe umodzimodziwo. Pa cifukwa ca cimeneco, Mlaliki 3:19, 20 amati: “Pakuti comwe cigwera ana a anthu cigweranso nyamazo; ngakhale cowagwera ncimodzimodzi; monga winayo angofa momwemo zinazo zifanso; inde onsewo ali ndi mpweya umodzi [ru’ahh] . . . Onse apita ku malo amodzi; onse acokera m’pfumbi ndi onse abweranso kupfumbi.”

16. (a) Kodi ndi mu njira yotani mzimu umalisiya thupi pa kufa? (b) Kodi ndi motani mmene umabwererera kwa Mulungu?

¹⁶ Popeza kuti Mulungu ndiye Wopereka moyo, Mau ace amanena kuti pamene munthu afa “pfumbi ndi kubwerera pansi pomwe linali kale, mzimu ndi kubwerera kwa Mulungu amene anaupereka.” (Mlaliki 12:7) Pakufa mphamvu ya moyoyo potsirizira pace imawasiya maselo a thupilo ndipo thupilo limayamba kubvunda. Maganizo ndi malingaliro onse amathera pamenepo. (Salmo 104:29 [103:29, Dy]) Pamenepo, kodi ndi motani mmene mzimu ‘umabwererera kwa Mulungu amene anaupereka’? Kodi mphamvu ya moyoyo imacokadi pa dzikoli ndi kuuyenda ulendo wodutsa m’mlengalenga kupita pamaso pa Mulungu? Ai, koma umabwerera kwa Mulungu mu lingaliro lakuti tsopano ziyembekezo za kukhalanso ndi moyo kwa mtsogolomo za munthuyo zimakhala kwa Mulungu yekha basi. Ali Mulungu yekha amene angaubwezeretse mzimu, kumampangitsa munthuyo kukhalanso ndi moyo.

17. (a) Kodi munthu wakufa angawabvulaze amoyo, kapena munthu wamoyo angampindulitse wakufa? (b) Kucidziwa kwathu coonadi ponena za mkhalidwe wa akufa kumaticinjiriza ife ku macitacita ati auciwanda?

¹⁷ Anthu ena amawaopa akufa ndipo amapanga nsembe za kuwakondweretsa nazo makolo akufa. Koma tingatonthozedwe pakudziwa kuti, popeza kuti akufa ali opanda cikumbumtima, kuli kosatheka kwa iwo kuwabvulaza amoyo. Ndipo ngakhale kukhale kwakuti wina anamkonda kwambiri munthu wina amene anafa, Mau a Mulungu amasonyeza kuti munthu sangampindulitse wakufayo kaamba ka kumawacita macitacita acipembedzo kapena madzoma kaamba ka munthu ameneyo, kapena motayitsa ndalama kwambiri kwa amoyowo. (2 Samueli 12:21-23)b Kuudziwanso mkhalidwe weniweni wa akufa kumaticinjirizanso ife kusawacita macitidwe a kuyesa kulankhula ndi akufa. Baibulo limacenjeza kuti awo amene amanena kuti amalankhula ndi akufa amakhala akuyandikirana kwenikweni ndi ziwanda, mizimu yoipa imene mwacinyengo imayerekeza kukhala uyo amene anafayo.—Deuteronomo 18:10-12.

KODI HELO NCIANI?

18. Kodi nciani cimene magulu ambiri acipembedzo amaphunzitsa ponena za helo, ndipo kodi ndi mafunso otani amene amabuka ponena za iye?

¹⁸ Magulu ambiri acipembedzo amaphunzitsa kuti oipa amazunzidwa kosatha m’moto wa helo. Koma kodi cikhulupiriro cimeneci cimaphunzitsidwa m’Mau a Mulungu? Inuyo mungalidziwe tanthauzo limene gulu lanu la carici limalipereka kaamba ka liu lakuti “helo,” koma kodi munayamba mwafunsirafunsira kuti mulione tanthauzo limene laperekedwa kwa ilo m’Malembamu? Kodi helo nciani malinga ndi kunena kwa Baibulo?

19. (a) Kodi ndi kucokera ku liu Lacihebri lotani kumene liu lakuti “helo” latembenuzidwako? Ndipo kodi ndi motani mmene liu Lacihebri ili latembenuzidwira m’matembenuzidwe a Baibulo osiyanasiyana? b) Liu lakuti “helo” nthawi zina limatembenuzidwa kucokera ku liu Lacigriki liti?

¹⁹ M’Malemba Acihebri a Baibulo liu lakuti “helo” latembenuzidwa kucokera ku liu Lacihebri lakuti sheolʹ. Liu limeneli limaonekera nthawi 65. Komabe, Baibulo la King James Version limalitembenuza liu lakuti sheolʹ kwa nthawi 31 kukhala “helo,” nthawi 31 monga “manda,” ndipo nthawi 3 monga “dzenje.” Baibulo la Catholic Douay Version limatembenuza sheol kukhala “helo” nthawi 63 ndipo monga “dzenje” kamodzi ndipo monga “imfa” kamodzi. M’Malemba Acikristu Acigriki liu lakuti “helo” nthawi zina limatembenuzidwa kucokera ku liu Lacigriki lakuti hádes. Onse awiri matembenuzidwe a King James ndi a Douay amatembenuza hádes kukhala “helo” m’malo onse khumi m’mene laonekeramomo.

20. (a) Kodi ncifukwa ninji helo sali malo kumene anthu amabvutikako? (b) Kodi Yesu anali mu helo?

²⁰ Kodi helo ali malo otentha? Kodi sheolʹ ndi hádes amatanthauza za malo ena kumene oipa amabvutikako atamwalira? Kuli koonekera bwino lomwe kuti satero, pakuti taona kale kuti akufa alibe cikumbumtima ndipo cifukwa ca cimeneco sangabvutike. Baibulo silimadziombanitsa lokha ponena za mkhalidwe wa awo amene ali mu helo. Ici cikutsimikiziridwa ndi ceniceni cakuti Baibulo limati Yesu anali mu helo. (Macitidwe 2:31, AV, Dy) Pamene mtumwi Petro analongsola ici pa tsiku la Pentekoste, iye momvekera bwino lomwe anatanthauza kuti Yesu anali m’manda, osati m’malo a mazunzo a moto. (1 Akorinto 15:3, 4) Pakumanena izi mtumwiyo anagwira mau kucokera pa Salmo 16:10 [15:10, Dy]. Panopo liu Lacihebri lakuti sheolʹ linagwiritsiridwa nchito, ndipo pa Macitidwe 2:31 liu ili likutembenuzidwa ndi liu Lacigriki lakuti hádes. Ici cikusonyeza kuti sheolʹ ndi hádes zimatanthauza cinthu cimodzimodzico. “Helo” amene wachulidwa m’Baibulo ali manda a mtundu wa anthu.

21. (a) Kodi munthu wolungamayo Yobu anakhulupirira helo kukhala malo otentha a moto? (b) Cotero kodi helo wa Baibulo nciani?

²¹ Monga umboni woonjezereka wa ici, talingalirani za Yobu, mtumiki wa Mulungu wolungama amene anabvutika kwambiri. Iye anapemphera kwa Mulungu kuti: “Ndani amene adzandiloleza ine ici, kuti mundicinjirize mu helo [sheol’; manda, AV], ndi kundibisa ine kufikira mkwiyo wanu wapita, ndi kundiikira ine nthawi imene inu mudzandikumbukira ine?” (Yobu 14:13, Dy) Kodi kungakhale kopusa cotani kulingalira kuti Yobu anafuna cinjirizo mu helo ngati akanakhala malo otentha a moto! Moonekera bwino, “helo” uyu wangokhala kokha manda, ndipo Yobu anakhumba kupita kumeneko kotero kuti mabvuto ace akathe. Anthu abwino kuphatikizaponso oipa amapita ku “helo” wochulidwa m’Baibulo, manda wamba a mtundu wonse wa anthu.

MUNTHU WACUMA NDI LAZARO

22. Kodi ndi motani mmene tikudziwira kuti Mau a Yesu a munthu wacuma ndi Lazaro angokhala fanizo cabe?

²² Komabe, pali malo amodzi pamene pamaonekera liu lakuti hade, limene lawacititsa anthu ena kukhulupirira kuti helo wa mu Baibulo ali malo a cizunzo cakuthupi. Pamenepo ndipo pamene yesu analankhula za munthu wacuma ndi Lazaro, ndipo ananena kuti munthu wacumayo anafa, ndipo anali kuzunzika mu hade. (Luka 16:22-31) Ncifukwa ninji kugwiritsiridwa nchito kwa hade panopo kwakhala kosiyana kwambiri ndi kugwiritsiridwa kwace nchito m’malo ena? Cifukwa cakuti Yesu anali kupereka fanizo kapena citsanzo ndipo sanali kulankhula za malo enieni a mazunzo. (Mateyu 13:34) Talingalirani: Kodi kuli kwanzeru kapena kogwirizana ndi Malemba kukhulupirira kuti munthu amazunzika kokha cifukwa cakuti ali wacuma, amabvala zobvala zabwino ndipo ali nazo zambiri za kuzidya? Kodi kuli kogwirizana ndi Malemba kukhulupirira kuti munthu amapatsidwa moyo wa kumwamba kokha cifukwa cakuti ali wopemphapempha? Talingalirani icinso: Kodi helo monga mmene kwakhalira ali pa utali wa kumwambako wokhoza kulankhulana kotero kuti kukambitsirana kwenikweni kukanamacitika? Ndiponso, ngati munthu wacumayo akanakhaladi mu nyanja yomayaka moto yeniyeni, kodi ndi motani mmene Abrahamu akanamtumira Lazaro kukaliziziritsa lilime lace ndi dontho la madzi lokhala pa nsonga ya cala cace? Pamenepo, kodi nciani cimene Yesu anali kufanizira?

23. Kodi tanthauzo la fanizolo ndi lotani ponena za (a) munthu wacumayo? (b) Lazaro? (c) kufa kwa aliyense wa iwo? (d) mazunzo a munthu wacumayo?

²³ Mu fanizo ili munthu wacumayo anaimira kagulu ka atsogoleri acimpembedzo amene anamkana ndipo pambuyo pace anamupha Yesu. Lazaro anaphiphiritsira anthu wamba amene anamlandira Mwana wa Mulunguyo. Baibulo limasonyeza kuti imfa ingagwiritsiridwe nchito monga cizindikiro, kumaimira kusintha kwakukuru m’moyo wa munthu kapena kacitidwe kace. (Yerekezerani Aroma 6:2, 11-13; 7:4-6.) Imfa, kapena kusintha kucokera ku mikhalidwe yapapitapo, inacitika pamene Yesu anakadyetsa kagulu ka Lazaro mwauzimu, motero iwo anafikira kulowa m’ciyanjo ca Abrahamu wamkuruyo, Yehova Mulungu. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, atsogoleri onyenga acipembedzo “anafa” ponena za kumakhala ndi ciyanjo ca Mulungu. Pokhala atatayidwa, iwo anazunzika pamene atsatiri a Kristu pambuyo pa Pentekoste mwamphamvu anazisonyeza nchito zao zoipa. (Macitidwe 7:51-57) Cotero fanizo ili silimaphunzitsa kuti anthu ena akufa amazunzidwa mu helo wamoto weniweni.

GEHENA NDI PURIGATORIYO

24. (a) Pamene matembenuzidwe ena a Baibulo amalankhula za “moto wa helo,” kodi ndi kucokera ku liu loyambirira Lacigriki liti kumene amamtembenuzako “helo”? (b) Kodi ndi motani mmene Gehena anagwiritsiridwira nchito pamene Yesu anali padziko lapansi?

²⁴ Mwina mwace wina angatsutsepo ndi kunena kuti Baibulo limalankhula za ‘moto wa helo.’ (Mateyu 5:22, AV, Dy) Zoonadi, matembenuzidwe ena amagwiritsira nchito malongosoledwe oterowo, koma m’malo oterowo liu loyambirira Lacigriki limene lingagwiritsiridwa nchito panopo kaamba ka “helo” ndilo Ge’enna, koma ostati hades. Liu lakuti Gehena limaonekera nthawi khumi ndi ziwiri m’Malemba Acikristu Acigriki, ndipo limatanthauza cigwa ca Hinomu kunja kwa malinga a Yerusalemu. Pamene Yesu anali pa dziko lapansi cigwa cimeneci cinali kugwiritsiridwa nchito monga malo akuru kwambiri otayirapo zinyalala kumene moto sunali kuzimitsidwa mwa kumaonjezera miyala ya moto (sulfure) kuti zinyalala zipse. Smith’s Dictionary of the Bible, Voliyamu I, limalongosola kuti: “Anafikira kukhala dzala wamba [potayira zinyalala] za mu mzindawo, kumene mitembo ya aupandu, ndi mitembo ya nyama, ndi zonyansa za mtundu uliwonse zinali kutayidwirako.”

25. (a) Kodi gehena ali cizindikiro coyenera ca ciani? (b) Kodi ndi mau ati m’bukhu la Baibulo la Cibvumbulutso amene ali cizindikiro ca cinthu cimodzimodzico?

²⁵ Cotero pamene Yesu ananena kuti anthu adzaponyedwa mu Gehena kaamba ka macitidwe ao oipa, kodi iye anatanthauzanji? Sanatanthauze kuti iwo adzazunzidwa kosatha. Yesu anagwiritsira nchito cigwa cimeneco (Gehena) ca moto ndi miyala ya moto monga cizindikiro coyenera ca cionongeko cosatha. Cimeneco ndico cimene awo amene anali kumumvetsera mu zaka za zana loyambazo anacizindikira kukhala cikumatanthauza. “Nyanja ya moto” imene yachulidwa mu Cibvumbulutso iri nalo tanthauzo limodzimodzilo, osati cizunzo ca amoyo, koma “imfa yaciwiri,” imfa yosatha kapena cionongeko. Kuli koonekera bwino kuti “nyanja” imeneyi iri yophiphiritsira, cifukwa cakuti imfa ndi helo (hade) zikuponyedwa m’menemo. Zinthu zimenezo sizingapse kwenikweni, koma zingacotsedwe, kapena kuonongedwa.—Cibvumbulutso 20:14; 21:8.

26. Kodi Baibulo limawachula konse malo a purigatoriyo?

²⁶ Pamenepo, nanga bwanji ponena za purigatoriyo? Awa akunenedwa kukhala malo kumene miyoyo yaumunthu imakhalabe ya moyo ndi kumapserezedwa m’moto pambuyo pa imfa. Popeza kuti Baibulo limasonyeza momvekera bwino kuti akufa alibe cikumbumtima, kodi ndi motani mmene Mulungu angakhalire akumamzunza wina aliyense m’malo oterowo? (Salmo 146:4 [145:4, Dy]) Ndithudi, liu lakutilo “purigatoriyo” kapena tanthauzo lace la “purigatoriyo” sizimaonekera m’Baibulo.

KODI AKUFA ADZAKHALANSO NDI MOYO?

27.Kodi ndi ciyembekezo cotani cimene ciripo kaamba ka akufa?

²⁷ Ciphunzitso ca Baibulo ca mkhalidwe weniweni wa akufa cimamcotsera munthu mantha ndi kudera nkhawa kosayenera m’maganizo mwace ponena za awo amene afa. Kudziwa kuti amenewo sakubvutika kumatithandiza ife kuzindikira kwakukuru za cikondi ca Mulungu, limodzi ndi cilungamo cace. Komabe, munthu angadabwe, Ngati munthu afa ndipo angopita kumanda, kodi ndi ciyembekezo cotani cimene ciripo kaamba ka akufa? Baibulo limabvumbula kuti pali ciyembekezo codabwitsa kwambiri, ciyembekezo ca kukhalanso ndi moyo.

28. (a) Kodi kuukitsa anthu akufa kumene kunacitidwa ndi Yesu kunasonyeza citsanzo canji? (b) Kodi anthu ambiri adzaukitsidwira ku ciani?

²⁸ Mkati mwa utumiki wace wa pa dziko lapansi Yesu Kristu anaisonyeza mphamvu yace yogonjetsa imfa, akumawaukitsadi anthu akufa kuti akhalenso ndi moyo waumunthu. (Luka 7:11-16; Yohane 11:39-44) Motero iye anapereka citsanzo ca zimene adzazicita pa mlingo wokulira mu dongosolo latsopano la Mulungu la zinthu. Ciyembekezo cotenthetsa mtimaco ndico kuti pa nthawi imeneyo helo, manda wamba a mtundu wa anthu, adzakhala opandamo kanthu atacotseredwa akufa ace opanda cikumbumtimawo. (Cibvumbulutso 20:13) Ena amalandira ciukiliro ca ku ulemerero wakumwamba kukakhala monga zolengedwa za mzimu, monga momwe anacitira Yesu Kristu. (Aroma 6:5) Komabe, anthu ambiri a mtundu wa anthu adzaukitsidwanso kuti adzasangalale ndi moyo pa paradaiso wobwezeretsedwanso wa pa dziko lapansi.—Macitidwe 24:15; Luka 23:43.

29. Kodi makonzedwe akurukuru a Yehova a kuudalitsira mtundu wa anthu anayenera kutilimbikitsa ife kucita ciani?

²⁹ Mu dongosolo latsopano la Mulungu akufa oukitsidwawo, ngati awamvera malamulo olungama a Mulungu, sadzafanso konse. (Yesaya 25:8) Ndithudi makonzedwe akurukuru awa a kuudalitsa mtundu wa anthu ali cifukwa cokwanira kwa ife kuti ticilandire cidziwitso coonjezereka ca Yehova ndi Mwana wace, Yesu Kristu. Kutero kungatsogolere ku moyo ndi madalitso amuyaya.

[Mawu a M’munsi]