Achichepere​—Kodi Mumalabadira Chiphunzitso cha Yani?

“Ena adzataya chikhulupiriro, ndi kusamala . . . maphunziro a ziŵanda.”​—1 TIMOTEO 4:1.

1. (a) Kodi achichepere ali ndi chosankha chotani? (b) Kodi Yehova amaphunzitsa motani?

FUNSO kwa inuyo achichepere nlakuti, Kodi mumalabadira chiphunzitso cha yani? Izi zimasonyeza kuti achicheperenu muli ndi chosankha. Chosankhacho chili pakati pa kulabadira chiphunzitso chaumulungu ndi kutsatira ziphunzitso za ziŵanda. Yehova amaphunzitsa kupyolera m’Mawu ake, Baibulo, ndiponso kupyolera mu utumiki wa awo omwe amawagwiritsira ntchito monga oimira ake padziko lapansi. (Yesaya 54:13; Machitidwe 8:26-39; Mateyu 24:45-47) Koma kodi mukudabwa kuti ziŵanda nazonso zimaphunzitsa?

2. Kodi nchifukwa ninji kuli kofunika kuchenjera ndi ziphunzitso za ziŵanda makamaka panthaŵi ino?

² Mtumwi Paulo analemba kuti: “M’masiku otsiriza ena adzataya chikhulupiriro, ndi kusamala mizimu yosocheretsa ndi maphunziro a ziŵanda.” (1 Timoteo 4:1) Popeza kuti tikukhala mu “masiku otsiriza” pamene Satana ndi ziŵanda zake ali okangaza kwambiri, kodi mukuona chifukwa chake tikufunsa funso lakuti, Kodi mumalabadira chiphunzitso cha yani? (2 Timoteo 3:1-5; Chivumbulutso 12:7-12) Chifukwa chakuti Satana ndi ziŵanda zake ali amachenjera, onyenga kwambiri m’njira za machitidwe awo, nkofunika kuti mupende mosamalitsa funso limeneli.​—2 Akorinto 11:14, 15.

Ziŵanda ndi Ziphunzitso Zawo

3. Kodi ziŵanda ndani, kodi zili ndi chifuno chotani, ndipo kodi ndimotani mmene zimafunira kuchikwaniritsa?

³ Ziŵanda poyamba zinali angelo a Yehova, koma zinapandukira Mlengi wawo nizikhala zochirikiza Satana. (Mateyu 12:24) Chifuno chimene zili nacho ndicho kunyenga anthu ndi kuwapambutsa pa kutumikira Mulungu. Pofuna kuchita zimenezi, ziŵandazo zimagwiritsira ntchito aphunzitsi aumunthu kuchirikiza kulondola njira ya moyo yoipa, yadyera ndi yotsutsidwa ndi Yehova. (Yerekezerani ndi 2 Petro 2:1, 12-15.) Kupenda mmene angelowo omwe poyamba anali okhulupirika anadzakhalira ziŵanda kudzakuthandizani kuzindikira ziphunzitso zawo ndi njira ya moyo imene ziphunzitso zimenezo zimachirikiza.

4. (a) Kodi angelo osamverawo anadzeranji padziko lapansi m’tsiku la Nowa? (b) Kodi chinachitika nchiyani kwa angelo oipawo ndi kwa ana awo pa Chigumula?

⁴ M’masiku a Nowa, angelo ena anakopeka mtima kwambiri ndi ana aakazi okongola a anthu kotero kuti zolengedwa zauzimu zimenezi zinasiya malo awo kumwambako nizidza padziko lapansi. Pamene angelowo anagonana ndi akazi anabala zimphona za ana zotchedwa Anefili. Popeza kuti sikwachibawa kwa zolengedwa zauzimu kugonana ndi anthu, zimene angelo osamvera ameneŵa anachita ndi akaziwo zinali zolakwa mofanana ndi machitidwe a kugonana kwa amuna okhaokha kwa amuna ndi anyamata a Sodomu. (Genesis 6:1-4; 19:4-11; Yuda 6, 7) Ngakhale kuti akazi a angelowo anawonongedwa ndi madzi achigumula limodzi ndi ana awo, zimphonazo, angelo oipawo anavula matupi awo anyama nabwerera kumwamba kumene anakakhala ziŵanda zinzake za Satana Mdyerekezi.​—2 Petro 2:4.

5. Kodi ziŵanda ndizo zolengedwa zamtundu wanji, ndipo kodi zimayesa motani kupotoza malamulo a Mulungu?

⁵ Poona mbiri imeneyi, kodi mukuzindikira kuti ziŵanda zili zolengedwa za mtundu wanji? Izo zili zachilakolako chonyansa cha kugonana zimene mosaoneka zimasonkhezera dzikoli lopenga ndi zakugonana. Ngakhale kuti izo zaletsedwa kuvalanso matupi aumunthu, zimapeza chisangalalo m’zisembwere za awo amene zimanyenga padziko lapansi. (Aefeso 6:11, 12) Ziŵanda zimayesa kupotoza malamulo a Yehova a chiyero ndi makhalidwe abwino mwa kuwachititsa kuoneka kukhala oletsa mopambanitsa. Angelo oipa ameneŵa amachirikiza chisembwere kukhala njira ya moyo yoyenera ndi yosangalatsa.

Kuchirikiza Ziphunzitso za Ziŵanda

6. Kodi nchifukwa ninji sitiyenera kudabwa kuti ziŵanda zimachirikiza ziphunzitso zawo m’njira ya machenjera?

⁶ Machenjera a ziŵanda ochirikizira ziphunzitso zawo sayenera kutidabwitsa, popeza kuti ndiyo njira imene mtsogoleri wawo, Satana Mdyerekezi, anagwiritsira ntchito ponyenga Hava. Kumbukirani kuti iye analankhula kwa mkaziyo monga kuti anafuna kumthandiza. “Eya, kodi anatitu Mulungu, usadye mitengo yonse ya m’mundamu?” anafunsa motero Satana. Ndiyeno mochenjera anayesa kupotoza chiphunzitso cha Mulungu mwa kuuza Hava kuti iye akapindula mwa kudya mtengo woletsedwawo. “Tsiku limene mukadya umenewo,” analonjeza motero Mdyerekezi, “adzatseguka maso anu, ndipo mudzakhala ngati Mulungu, wakudziŵa zabwino ndi zoipa.” (Genesis 3:1-5) Motero Hava anakopedwa, inde ananyengedwa, napandukira Mulungu.​—2 Akorinto 11:3; 1 Timoteo 2:13, 14.

7. Kodi pakhala chiyambukiro chotani cha ziphunzitso zamachenjera za ziŵanda, ndipo kodi zimenezi zimapereka chenjezo lotani?

⁷ M’nthaŵi zaposachedwapa, enanso ambiri anyengedwa. Ziŵandazo zachirikiza chisembwere mochenjera kwambiri kotero kuti chavomerezedwa ndi ambiri omwe poyamba anachitsutsa. Mwachitsanzo, pamene mlangizi wachikazi wina wotchuka mu United States wolemba m’nyuzipepala anayankha kalata ina pankhani ya kugonana kwa anthu osakwatirana, iye analemba kuti: “Sindinalingalirepo konse kuti ndingadzasinthe maganizo anga pankhaniyi, koma tsopano ndakhulupirira kuti anthu ofunadi kukwatirana ayenera kuyenda maulendo angapo kumapeto kwa mlungu kuti akayesane kuyenererana kwawo.” Ndiyeno anawonjezera kuti: “Sinditha kukhulupirira kuti ndinalemba zimenezo!” Ngakhale iye mwini sanathe kukhulupirira kuti anali atavomereza chisembwere, koma anaterodi! Mwachionekere, tiyenera kukhala osamala kuti ziphunzitso za ziŵanda zisayambukire malingaliro athu pa machitachita amene Mulungu amatsutsa.​—Aroma 1:26, 27; Aefeso 5:5, 10-12.

8. (a) Kodi liwu lakuti “dziko” limagwiritsiridwa ntchito motani m’Baibulo? (b) Kodi ndani amalamulira dziko, ndipo kodi otsatira a Yesu ayenera kuliona motani dziko?

⁸ Sitiyenera kuiŵala konse kuti Satana ali “mkulu wa dziko ili.” Nchifukwa chake, mtumwi Yohane ananena kuti “dziko lonse lapansi ligona mwa woipayo.” (Yohane 12:31; 1 Yohane 5:19) Zoona, Yesu nthaŵi zina anagwiritsira ntchito liwu lakuti “dziko” kutanthauza mtundu wonse wa anthu. (Mateyu 26:13; Yohane 3:16; 12:46) Komabe, kaŵirikaŵiri iye anagwiritsira ntchito liwulo “dziko” kutanthauza chitaganya chonse cholinganizidwa cha anthu chokhala kunja kwa mpingo Wachikristu. Mwachitsanzo, Yesu anati otsatira ake sayenera kukhala “a dziko” (chitaganya cha anthu osalungama) ndi kuti pokhala sanali a dziko, dziko likawada iwo. (Yohane 15:19; 17:14-16) Baibulo linachenjezanso kuti tiyenera kupeŵa kukhala mabwenzi a dzikoli lolamuliridwa ndi Satana.​—Yakobo 4:4.

9, 10. (a) Kodi ndi zinthu zadziko zotani zimene zimadzutsa chikhumbo cha chisembwere? (b) Kodi ndimotani mmene kuliri kotheka kuzindikira amene ali kumbuyo kwa zimene zosangulutsa za dziko zimaphunzitsa?

⁹ Mtumwi Yohane anachenjeza kuti: “Musakonde dziko lapansi, kapena za m’dziko lapansi.” Iye anatinso: “Chilichonse cha m’dziko lapansi, chilakolako cha thupi ndi chilakolako cha maso, matamandidwe a moyo, sizichokera kwa Atate.” (1 Yohane 2:15, 16) Talingalirani. Kodi nchiyani m’dziko chimene chimasonkhezera chikhumbo cholakwa, mwachitsanzo, cha chisembwere? (1 Atesalonika 4:3-5) Bwanji ponena za nyimbo zambiri za dziko? Wapolisi wa ku California wofufuza mlandu anati: “Kwenikweni, nyimbo zimaphunzitsa kuti suyenera kumvera makolo ako, ndi kuti uyenera kukhala ndi moyo mmene ufunira.” Kodi mukudziŵa magwero a chiphunzitso choperekedwa ndi nyimbo zotero?

¹⁰ Kumbukirani kuti Satana, kwenikweni, anauza Hava kuti: ‘Ukuphonya kanthu kena kopindulitsa. Khala ndi moyo m’njira imene ukufuna. Dzisankhire wekha chabwino ndi choipa. Sufunikira kumvetsera kwa Mulungu.’ (Genesis 3:1-5) Kodi umenewo sindiwo uthenga umodzimodzi umene uli m’nyimbo zambiri za dziko? Koma ziŵanda sizimaphunzitsa mwa nyimbo zokha. Zimagwiritsiranso ntchito maprogramu osatsa malonda a pawailesi ya kanema, akanema, ndi mavidiyo. Motani? Eya, njira za dziko zosonyezera zinthu zimapereka zosangulutsa zimene zimachititsa ziphunzitso za Mulungu za makhalidwe abwino kuonekera kukhala zoletsa monkitsa. Izo zimachirikiza chisembwere mwa kuchisonyeza kaŵirikaŵiri monga chinthu chokhumbirika.

11. Ponena za makhalidwe, kodi wailesi yakanema kaŵirikaŵiri imaphunzitsanji?

¹¹ Magazini a U.S.News & World Report ananena kuti: “Mu 1991, nyumba zakanema zitatu [za United States] zinaonetsa zochitika zakugonana zoposa 10,000 panthaŵi imene anthu ambiri amaonerera; pakati pa chochitika chilichonse chosonyeza kugonana kwa okwatirana, nyumba zakanemazo zinasonyeza zochitika 14 za kugonana kwa osakwatirana.” Mwa kusonyeza zisembwere zoposa 9,000 m’nthaŵi imene anthu ambiri amaonerera m’chaka chimodzi, kodi munganene kuti wailesi yakanema imaphunzitsanji? Barry S. Sapolsky, amene analembako lipoti lakuti “Kugonana m’Nthaŵi Imene Anthu Ambiri Amaonerera Wailesi Yakanema: Kuyerekezera 1979 ndi 1989,” akunena kuti: “Ngati mnyamata kapena mtsikana aonerera pa TV kwa zaka zambiri anthu akuchita zakugonana kapena kugonana kwenikweniko, zithunzithunzi zikwi zambiri zimenezi m’zakazo zidzamphunzitsa kuti chisembwere nchosangalatsa​—ndipo chilibe zotulukapo zoipa zilizonse.” Nzosakayikiritsa konse: Zosangulutsa za dziko zimaphunzitsa achichepere kuti palibe malamulo, kuti chisembwere nchololeka, ndi kuti palibe zotulukapo zoipa pakutsatira njira ya moyo imene Mulungu amatsutsa.​—1 Akorinto 6:18; Aefeso 5:3-5.

12. Kodi ndi chifukwa ninji zosangulutsa za dziko zimapereka chiwopsezo makamaka kwa achichepere Achikristu?

¹² Nyimbo za dziko, akanema, mavidiyo, ndi wailesi yakanema zinalinganizidwa kukopa achichepere. Izo zimachirikiza ziphunzitso zoipa za ziŵanda! Koma kodi zimenezi ziyenera kukhala zodabwitsa? Talingalirani. Ngati chipembedzo chonyenga ndi ndale zili mbali ya dziko la Satana​—ndipo mwachionekere zilidi zotero​—kodi nkwanzeru kukhulupirira kuti zosangulutsa zochirikizidwa ndi dzikoli nzopanda chisonkhezero cha ziŵanda? Inu achichepere makamaka mufunikira kuchenjera kuti “musalole dzikoli kuti likukanikizireni m’chikombole chake.”​—Aroma 12:2, The New Testament in Modern English, lolembedwa ndi J. B. Phillips.

Dzipendeni Nokha

13. Kodi ndi kudzipenda kotani kumene kuyenera kupangidwa?

¹³ Funso lakuti kodi mumalabadira ziphunzitso za yani limayankhidwa osati ndi mawu anu okha komanso zochita zanu. (Aroma 6:16) Chotero dzifunseni kuti, ‘Kodi mkhalidwe wanga wa maganizo ndi njira yanga ya moyo zikuyambukiridwa mosayenera ndi zimene ndimaphunzira kupyolera m’zoulutsira nkhani zonyengerera za dziko? Kodi mwinamwake ziphunzitso za ziŵanda zikuloŵerera m’moyo wanga?’ Kuti muthandizidwe kuyankha mafunso amenewo, bwanji osayerekezera mlingo wa nthaŵi ndi zoyesayesa zimene mumawonongera pakuphunzira Baibulo, kufika pamisonkhano Yachikristu, ndi kulankhula kwa ena ponena za Ufumu wa Mulungu ndi zimene mumawonongera pakuonerera TV, kumvetsera nyimbo, kuchita maseŵera anu apamtima, kapena zochita zofananazo? Popeza kuti moyo​—inde moyo wanu weniweniwo​—uli pangozi kwambiri, chitani kudzipenda koona mtima.​—2 Akorinto 13:5.

14. Kodi nchiyani chimene chingayambukire thanzi lathu lauzimu, ndipo kodi ndi lingaliro lolimbikitsa lotani limene tiyenera kukumbukira?

¹⁴ Mumadziŵa bwino lomwe kuti chakudya chakuthupi chimene mumadya chimayambukira thanzi lanu. Mofananamo, thanzi lanu lauzimu limayambukiridwa ndi zimene mumadyetsa maganizo ndi mtima wanu. (1 Petro 2:1, 2) Ngakhale kuti mungadzinyenge nokha ponena za zimene zilidi zofuna zanu, simunganyenge Woweruza wathu, Yesu Kristu. (Yohane 5:30) Chotero dzifunseni kuti, ‘Ngati Yesu akanakhala padziko lapansi, kodi ndikanachita manyazi kumuitanira m’chipinda changa ndi kumvetsera nyimbo zanga kapena kuona zimene ndimaonerera?’ Choonadi nchakuti Yesu panopo akuona ndi kudziŵa zochita zathu.​—Chivumbulutso 3:15.

Kanizani Ziphunzitso za Ziŵanda

15. Kodi nchifukwa ninji Akristu ayenera kumenya nkhondo zolimba kuti akanize ziphunzitso za ziŵanda?

¹⁵ Chitsenderezo chimene ziŵanda zimaika pa achichepere kuti alabadire ziphunzitso zawo nchachikulu. Mizimu yoipa imeneyi imaonekera kukhala ikupatsa moyo wa chikhutiritso chopezeka mwamsanga​—wa zokoma ndi zosangulutsa. Kuti akondweretse Mulungu, Mose wakaleyo anakaniza “zokondweretsa za zoipa nthaŵi” monga chiŵalo chofunika cha nyumba ya Farao. (Ahebri 11:24-27) Sikofeŵa kukana zimene ziŵanda zimapatsa, motero muyenera kumenya nkhondo zolimba kuti muchite chimene chili choyenera. Zimenezi zili choncho makamaka chifukwa chakuti tili ndi uchimo wa choloŵa ndipo mitima yathu kaŵirikaŵiri imafuna kuchita choipa. (Genesis 8:21; Aroma 5:12) Chifukwa cha zikhoterero zauchimo, ngakhale mtumwi Paulo anafunikira kulimbana iye mwini mwamphamvu ndi kusalola zikhumbo za thupi lake kumlamulira.​—1 Akorinto 9:27; Aroma 7:21-23.

16. Kodi ndi motani mmene achichepere angakanizire zitsenderezo za kuchita chisembwere?

¹⁶ Ngakhale kuti mungalakelake ‘kutsata unyinji wa anthu kuchita choipa,’ Mulungu angakuthandizeni kukaniza chitsenderezo cha ausinkhu wanu cha kulondola njira yolakwa. (Eksodo 23:2; 1 Akorinto 10:13) Koma muyenera kulabadira malangizo a Mulungu, mukumasunga zonena zake mumtima mwanu. (Salmo 119:9, 11) Mufunikira kuzindikira kuti pamene achichepere adzipatula paokha, zikhumbo zakugonana zingakule ndi kuwachititsa kuswa lamulo la Mulungu. “Pamene ndikhala ndekha ndi bwenzi langa lachimuna, thupi langa limafuna kuchita chinthu china ndipo ubongo wanga umandiuza kuchita china,” anavomereza motero wachichepere wina. Chotero dziŵani malire anu ndi kuzindikira kuti mtima wanu ngwonyenga. (Yeremiya 17:9) Musadzipatule panokha. (Miyambo 18:1) Ikani malire pa machitachita osonyezana chikondi. Ndipo chofunika kwenikweni, yanjanani kwambiri ndi awo okonda Yehova ndi amene amalemekeza kwambiri malamulo ake.​—Salmo 119:63; Miyambo 13:20; 1 Akorinto 15:33.

17. Kodi nchiyani chingathandize achichepere Achikristu kupeza nyonga yokanizira ziphunzitso za ziŵanda?

¹⁷ Kuphunzira mosamalitsa zofalitsidwa Zachikristu zolinganizidwira kulimbikitsa uzimu wanu kudzakuthandizani. Mwachitsanzo, tapendani buku lakuti Mafunso Achichepere Akufunsa​—Mayankho Amene Amathandiza ndi mutu wakuti “Nkhondo ya Kuchita Chimene Chiri Chabwino” m’buku lakuti Mungathe Kukhala ndi Moyo Kosatha m’Paradaiso pa Dziko Lapansi. Lolani kuti chilangizo cha Malemba choperekedwacho chizame m’maganizo ndi mumtima mwanu, ndipo chidzakulimbitsani. Choona chimene simuyenera kuiŵala nchakuti sikuli kofeŵa kuchita chabwino m’dziko lino lolamuliridwa ndi ziŵanda. Chotero menyani nkhondo zolimba. (Luka 13:24) Kulitsani nyonga yanu yauzimu. Musatsanzire ofooka, amantha amene amalondola unyinji wa anthu.

Kupindula ndi Chiphunzitso Chaumulungu

18. Kodi pali mapindu ena ati a kulabadira chiphunzitso chaumulungu?

¹⁸ Kumbukiraninso kuti, simudzaphonya kalikonse kopindulitsa ngati mulabadira chiphunzitso cha Yehova. Iye amakukondanidi, ndipo ndicho chifukwa chake ‘akukuphunzitsani kupindula.’ (Yesaya 48:17) Chotero labadirani chiphunzitso cha Yehova, ndipo peŵani kupweteka kwa chikumbumtima chovulazidwa, kutayikiridwa ndi ulemu waumwini, mimba zosafunika, matenda opatsirana mwa kugonana, kapena matsoka ena otero. Yehova amasangalala pamene atumiki ake amampatsa yankho loyankhira chitonzo cha Satana chakuti anthu sangakhale okhulupirika kwa Mulungu poyesedwa. (Yobu 1:6-12) Ngati mukondweretsa mtima wa Yehova mwa kukhala wokhulupirika kwa iye, mudzapulumuka pamene adzapereka chiweruzo chowopsa pa dzikoli, pamene onse amene anyoza malamulo ake adzawonongeka.​—Miyambo 27:11; 1 Akorinto 6:9, 10; 1 Yohane 2:17.

19. Kodi pali phindu lotani la kuyanjana ndi awo amene amayamikira mapindu a chiphunzitso cha Yehova?

¹⁹ Ngati muyanjana kwambiri ndi awo amene amayamikira zimene Yehova wawachitira, mukhoza kuphunzirira pa zokumana nazo zawo. Munthu wina yemwe poyamba anali womwerekera ndi anamgoneka yemwenso anali wachisembwere anafotokoza kuti: “Ndikanapanda kumvera Yehova, ndikanamwalira. Munthu amene ndinafuna kukwatira anafa ndi AIDS. Mabwenzi anga akudziko akale onse afa ndi AIDS kapena ali pafupi kumwalira. Ndimawaona kaŵirikaŵiri m’makwalala, ndipo ndimayamikira Yehova tsiku lililonse kaamba ka malamulo ake amene amasunga anthu ake ndipo adzatisungabe tili oyera ngati kokha tiwagwiritsira ntchito. Sindinakhalepo wachisangalalo, wokhutira, ndi wosungika m’moyo wanga mwa njira imeneyi.” Ndithudi, kulabadira chiphunzitso cha Yehova nthaŵi zonse kumatipindulitsa!

Pangani Chosankha Chabwino

20, 21. (a) Kodi ndi zosankha ziŵiri zotani zimene achichepere ali nazo? (b) Kodi ndi phindu losatha lotani limene lidzapezedwa mwa kulabadira chiphunzitso chaumulungu?

²⁰ Tikukulimbikitsani achichepere inu: Pangani chosankha chabwino mwa kutumikira Yehova. Ndiyeno tsimikizirani kumamatira ku chosankha chimenecho. (Yoswa 24:15) Kwenikweni, mungapange chosankha chimodzi chokha pa ziŵiri. Yesu anati pali njira yaikulu ndi yotakata​—yosavuta ya kuchita zimene munthu afuna. Njira imeneyo imatsogolera kumapeto, ku chiwonongeko. Njira inayo njopapatiza. Ili njira yovuta kuyendamo m’dziko lino la makhalidwe oipa lolamuliridwa ndi ziŵanda. Koma njira imeneyo potsirizira pake idzafikitsa awo oyendamo m’dziko latsopano la labwino koposa la Mulungu. (Mateyu 7:13, 14) Kodi mudzatsatira njira iti? Kodi mudzalabadira chiphunzitso cha yani?

²¹ Yehova amasiya chosankhacho m’manja mwanu. Samayesa kukukakamizani kumtumikira. “Ndaika pamaso panu moyo ndi imfa,” anatero Mose mneneri wa Mulungu, akumalimbikitsa kuti: “Sankhani moyo.” Chosankha chimenechi chimapangidwa mwa “kukonda Yehova Mulungu wanu, kumvera mawu ake, ndi kummamatira iye.” (Deuteronomo 29:2; 30:19, 20) Sankhanitu mwanzeru kulabadira chiphunzitso chaumulungu kuti mudzasangalale ndi moyo wosatha m’dziko latsopano laulemerero la Mulungu.

Kodi Mungayankhe Motani?

◻ Kodi ziŵanda ndani, ndipo kodi zimaphunzitsa chiyani?

◻ Kodi ndimotani mmene ziŵanda zimachirikizira ziphunzitso zawo lerolino?

◻ Kodi ndikotheka motani kukaniza ziphunzitso za ziŵanda?

◻ Kodi pali mapindu otani a kulabadira chiphunzitso cha Yehova?

[Chithunzi patsamba 16]

Chigumula chisanachitike, angelo opandukawo ndi ana awo anasonkhezera chiwawa ndi makhalidwe oipa

[Chithunzi patsamba 18]

Kodi mungachite manyazi ngati Yesu angamvetsere nyimbo zanu zapamtima?