Kodi Mumaphunzitsa Monga Momwe Yesu Anachitira?

“Makamu a anthu anazizwa ndi chiphunzitso chake: pakuti anawaphunzitsa monga mwini mphamvu, wosanga alembi awo.”​—MATEYU 7:28, 29.

1. Kodi ndi ayani amene anatsatira Yesu pamene anali kuphunzitsa m’Galileya, ndipo kodi Yesu anachita motani?

KULIKONSE kumene Yesu anapita, makamu a anthu anasonkhana kwa iye. “Anayendayenda m’Galileya monse, analikuphunzitsa m’masunagoge mwawo, nalalikira uthenga wabwino wa Ufumu, nachiritsa nthenda zonse ndi kudwala konse mwa anthu.” Pamene mbiri ya zochita zake inafalikira, “inamtsata mipingomipingo ya anthu ochokera ku Galileya, ndi ku Dekapole ndi ku Yerusalemu, ndi ku Yudeya, ndi ku tsidya lija la Yordano.” (Mateyu 4:23, 25) Powaona, “anagwidwa m’mtima ndi chisoni chifukwa cha iwo, popeza anali okambululudwa ndi omwazikana, akunga nkhosa zopanda mbusa.” Pamene anali kuphunzitsa iwo anakhoza kuzindikira chisoni kapena chikondi chimene iye anali nacho pa iwo; chinali monga mankhwala oletsa kupweteka pamabala awo amene anawakopera kwa iye.​—Mateyu 9:35, 36.

2. Kuwonjezera pa zozizwitsa za Yesu, kodi nchiyani chimene chinakopa makamu a anthu?

² Yesu anachita machiritso akuthupi ozizwitsa chotani nanga​—kuyeretsa akhate, kuchititsa agonthi kumva, akhungu kupenya, opunduka kuyenda, kuukitsa akufa! Ndithudi zisonyezero zochititsa chidwi zimenezi za mphamvu ya Yehova kupyolera mwa Yesu zikakopa makamu a anthu! Koma zozizwitsazo sindizo zokha zimene zinawakopa; makamu aakulu anadzanso kudzalandira machiritso auzimu operekedwa pamene Yesu anali kuphunzitsa. Mwachitsanzo, taonani mmene iwo anachitira atamvetsera Ulaliki wake wotchuka pa Phiri: “Ndipo panakhala pamene Yesu anatha mawu ameneŵa, makamu a anthu anazizwa ndi chiphunzitso chake: pakuti anawaphunzitsa monga mwini mphamvu, wosanga alembi awo.” (Mateyu 7:28, 29) Arabi awo ankagwira mawu a miyambo yapakamwa ya arabi akale kuchirikiza ziphunzitso zawo. Yesu anawaphunzitsa ndi ulamuliro wochokera kwa Mulungu: “Zimene ndilankhula, monga momwe Atate wanena ndi Ine, momwemo ndilankhula.”​—Yohane 12:50.

Kuphunzitsa Kwake Kunafika Pamtima

3. Kodi maperekedwe a Yesu a uthenga wake anasiyana motani ndi aja a alembi ndi Afarisi?

³ Kusiyana pakati pa kuphunzitsa kwa Yesu ndi kuja kwa alembi ndi Afarisi sikunali chabe pa zophunzitsidwazo​—choonadi chochokera kwa Mulungu chosiyana ndi miyambo yapakamwa yolemetsa yochokera kwa anthu​—komanso mmene kunachitidwira. Alembi ndi Afarisi anali onyada ndi aukali, modzitama akumafunafuna maina aulemu okwezeka ndipo moipidwa akumanyoza makamu a anthuwo kukhala “otembereredwa.” Komabe, Yesu anali wofatsa, wodekha, wokoma mtima, wachifundo, ndipo kaŵirikaŵiri wogonja, ndipo ankagwidwa ndi chisoni chifukwa cha iwo. Yesu sanangophunzitsa ndi mawu oongoka komanso ndi mawu achisomo ochokera mumtima mwake, amene analoŵadi m’mitima ya omvetsera ake. Uthenga wake wosangalatsa unakopera anthu kwa iye, ukumawasonkhezera kupita kukachisi mofulumira kukamumvetsera, ndipo unawachititsa kummamatira ndi kukondwa kumumvetsera. Makamu a anthuwo anadza kudzamvetsera iye, akumati: “Nthaŵi yonse palibe munthu analankhula chotero.”​—Yohane 7:46-49; Marko 12:37; Luka 4:22; 19:48; 21:38.

4. Kodi makamaka nchiyani chimene chinakopa anthu ambiri m’kuphunzitsa kwa Yesu?

⁴ Ndithudi, chimodzi cha zifukwa zimene anthu anakopedwera ndi kuphunzitsa kwake chinali kugwiritsira ntchito kwake mafanizo. Yesu anaona zimene ena anaona, koma analingalira zinthu zimene iwo sanazilingalire. Maluŵa omera m’thengo, mbalame zomanga zisa zawo, anthu ofesa mbewu, abusa obweretsa ana a nkhosa otayika, akazi osoka zigamba pa zovala zakale, ana oseŵera pamisika, asodzi okoka maukonde awo​—zinthu zofala zimene aliyense anaona​—sizinali zinthu wamba kwa Yesu. Kulikonse kumene anayang’ana, anaona zimene akanatha kugwiritsira ntchito kufanizira Mulungu ndi Ufumu Wake kapena kumveketsa mfundo yonena za chitaganya chaumunthu chimene anali kukhalamo.

5. Kodi Yesu anatenga kuti mafanizo ake, ndipo kodi nchiyani chimene chinachititsa mafanizo ake kukhala ogwira mtima?

⁵ Mafanizo a Yesu ngotengedwa pa zinthu zamasiku onse zimene anthu aziona nthaŵi zambiri, ndipo pamene choonadi chigwirizanitsidwa ndi zinthu zodziŵika zimenezi, chimakhomerezedwa msanga ndipo mwakuya m’maganizo a omvetserawo. Choonadicho sichimangomvedwa; chimaonedwanso m’maganizo ndi kukumbukika msanga pambuyo pake. Mafanizo a Yesu anali osavuta kumva, osakhala ndi zinthu zosafunikira zimene zikanawasokoneza kapena kuwalepheretsa kumvetsetsa choonadi. Mwachitsanzo, talingalirani fanizo la Msamariya waubwenzi. Mukuona bwino lomwe amene ali mnansi wabwino. (Luka 10:29-37) Ndiyeno panalinso ana aŵiri​—mmodzi amene anati akagwira ntchito m’munda wa mphesa koma sanatero, ndi wina amene anati sakagwira ntchitoyo koma anatero. Mwamsanga mukuona tanthauzo la kumvera kwenikweni​—kuchita ntchito yogaŵiridwa. (Mateyu 21:28-31) Palibe amene anawodzera kapena amene maganizo ake anali kwina pamene Yesu anali kuphunzitsa mwaumoyo. Iwo anatanganitsidwa kwambiri ndi zonse ziŵiri kumvetsera ndi kuona.

Yesu Anagonja Pamene Chikondi Chinavomereza Kutero

6. Kodi ndiliti pamene kulolera, kapena kugonja, kumakhala kothandiza kwambiri?

⁶ Nthaŵi zambiri pamene Baibulo limanena za kukhala wololera, mawu amtsinde amasonyeza kuti limatanthauza kugonja. Nzeru yochokera kwa Mulungu imagonja pamene pali zochititsa zomveka. Tiyenera kukhala ololera, kapena ogonja, nthaŵi zina. Akulu ayenera kukhala ofunitsitsa kugonja pamene chikondi chivomereza kutero ndi pamene kulapa kufuna zimenezo. (1 Timoteo 3:3; Yakobo 3:17) Yesu anasiya zitsanzo zabwino kwambiri za kugonja, akumachita chifundo kapena chisoni pamene chinafunikira mmalo moumirira pa malamulo ofala.

7. Kodi zitsanzo zina za kugonja kwa Yesu nzotani?

⁷ Panthaŵi ina Yesu anati: “Yense amene adzandikana Ine pamaso pa anthu, Inenso ndidzamkana iye pamaso pa Atate wanga wa Kumwamba.” Koma iye sanakane Petro, ngakhale kuti Petro anamkana katatu. Panali zochititsa zomveka, zimene Yesu mwachionekere analingalira. (Mateyu 10:33; Luka 22:54-62) Panalinso zochititsa zomveka pamene mkazi wodetsedwa ndi nthenda ya kukha mwazi anaswa Chilamulo cha Mose mwa kuloŵa m’khamu la anthu. Apanso Yesu sanatsutse mkaziyo. Iye anamvetsetsa vuto lake. (Marko 1:40-42; 5:25-34; onaninso Luka 5:12, 13.) Yesu anali atauza ophunzira ake kusamdziŵikitsa monga Mesiya, komabe sanaumirire pa lamulo limenelo pamene anadzidziŵikitsa kukhala ameneyo kwa mkazi Wachisamariya pachitsime. (Mateyu 16:20; Yohane 4:25, 26) M’zochitika zonsezi, chikondi, chifundo, ndi chisoni zinapangitsa kugonja kumeneko kukhala koyenera.​—Yakobo 2:13.

8. Kodi ndiliti pamene alembi ndi Afarisi ankapotoza malamulo, ndipo ndiliti pamene sankatero?

⁸ Alembi ndi Afarisi osagonja anali osiyana naye. Iwo eniwo anali kuswa miyambo yawo ya Sabata kuti apereke ng’ombe yawo kumadzi. Kapena ngati ng’ombe yawo kapena mwana wawo anagwera m’chitsime, iwo anali kuswa Sabata kuti amtulutse. Koma kwa anthu wamba, iwo sanagonje mpang’ono pomwe! Iwo ‘sanafune kusuntha [zofunika] zimenezo ndi chala chawo.’ (Mateyu 23:4; Luka 14:5) Kwa Yesu, anthu anali ofunika koposa malamulo ochuluka; kwa Afarisi, malamulo anali ofunika koposa anthu.

Kukhala “Mwana wa Chilamulo”

9, 10. Atabwerera ku Yerusalemu, kodi nkuti kumene makolo a Yesu anampeza, ndipo kodi tanthauzo la kufunsa kwa Yesu linali lotani?

⁹ Ena amadandaula kuti pali chochitika chimodzi chokha mu unyamata wa Yesu chimene chili cholembedwa. Komabe ambiri amalephera kuzindikira tanthauzo lalikulu la chochitikacho. Chikusimbidwa kwa ife pa Luka 2:46, 47 kuti: “Ndipo pakupita masiku atatu, anampeza Iye m’Kachisi, analikukhala pakati pa aphunzitsi, namva iwo, nawafunsanso mafunso. Ndipo onse amene anamva Iye anadabwa ndi chidziŵitso chake, ndi mayankho ake.” Theological Dictionary of the New Testament ya Kittel imapereka lingaliro lakuti m’chochitikachi liwu Lachigiriki la ‘kufunsa’ silinali chabe la kuchita chidwi kwa mnyamatayo. Liwulo lingatanthauze kufunsa kochitidwa pozenga mlandu, kufufuza, mafunso ogomeka, ngakhale “mafunso ofufuza ndi amachenjera a Afarisi ndi Asaduki,” onga aja otchulidwa pa Marko 10:2 ndi 12:18-23.

¹⁰ Dikishonale imodzimodziyo ikupitiriza kuti: “Polingalira za kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kumeneku kungafunsidwe kaya ngati . . . [Luka] 2:46 imatanthauza, osati kwenikweni kufunsa kwachidwi kwa mnyamatayo, koma mmalomwake kugomeka Kwake kwachipambano. [Vesi] 47 ingagwirizane bwino ndi lingaliro lomalizali.”a Matembenuzidwe a Rotherham a vesi 47 akusonyeza zimenezo monga mkangano waukulu: “Tsopano onse amene anamva iye anachita chidwi ndi kudabwa kwakukulu, chifukwa cha luntha lake ndi mayankho ake.” Word Pictures in the New Testament ya Robertson imanena kuti kuzizwa kwawo kosalekeza kumatanthauza kuti “anangogwira pakamwa ndi kudabwa atatuzula maso awo.”

11. Kodi Mariya ndi Yosefe anachita motani ndi zimene anaona ndi kumva, ndipo kodi nchiyani chimene dikishonale ina yazaumulungu imanena?

¹¹ Pamene makolo a Yesu pomalizira pake anafika pamalowo, “anadabwa.” (Luka 2:48) Robertson akunena kuti liwu Lachigiriki la m’mawu ameneŵa limatanthauza “kukanthira kunja, kutulutsa mwa kukantha.” Iye akuwonjezera kuti Yosefe ndi Mariya “anakanthidwira kunja” ndi zimene anaona ndi kumva. M’lingaliro lina, Yesu anali kale mphunzitsi wozizwitsa. Ndipo polingalira za chochitika cha m’kachisi chimenechi, buku la Kittel limanena kuti “Yesu mu unyamata Wake wayamba kale mkangano pa umene otsutsa Ake adzagonja pomalizira pake.”

12. Kodi nchiyani chimene chinachitika m’makambitsirano apambuyo pake a Yesu ndi atsogoleri achipembedzo?

¹² Ndipo anagonjadi! Pambuyo pa zaka zambiri, Yesu anagonjetsa Afarisi ndi mafunso otero kufikira “sanalimbika mtima munthu aliyense kumfunsa kanthu kuyambira tsiku lomwelo.” (Mateyu 22:41-46) Mofananamo Asaduki anatontholetsedwa pankhani ya chiukiriro, ndipo “sanalimbanso mtima kumfunsa Iye kanthu kena.” (Luka 20:27-40) Alembi nawonso analephera. Mmodzi wa iwo atakambitsirana ndi Yesu poyera, “palibe munthu analimbanso mtima kumfunsa Iye kanthu.”​—Marko 12:28-34.

13. Kodi nchiyani chimene chinachititsa chochitika cha pakachisicho kukhala chapadera m’moyo wa Yesu, ndipo kodi chimapereka chidziŵitso chowonjezereka chotani?

¹³ Kodi nchifukwa ninji chochitika chimenechi cha Yesu ndi aphunzitsi apakachisi ndicho chokha chimene chinasankhidwa pa unyamata wake kuti chikasimbidwe? Chinali posinthira pa moyo wa Yesu. Pamene anali ndi usinkhu wazaka 12, iye anakhala munthu amene Ayuda akanatcha “mwana wa chilamulo,” wokhala ndi thayo la kusunga malamulo ake onse. Pamene Mariya anadandaula kwa Yesu ponena za nkhaŵa imene anachititsa pa iye ndi Yosefe, yankho la mwana wake linasonyeza kuti iye mwachionekere anazindikira za kubadwa kwake kozizwitsa ndi za kukhala kwake Mesiya mtsogolo. Zimenezo zikusonyezedwa ndi kunena kwake kosabisa kuti Mulungu analidi Atate wake: “Kuli bwanji kuti munalikundifunafuna Ine? Simunadziŵa kodi kuti kundiyenera Ine ndikhale [m’nyumba ya, NW] Atate wanga?” Ndiponso, ameneŵa ndiwo mawu oyamba kunenedwa ndi Yesu amene ali olembedwa m’Baibulo, ndipo amasonyeza kuzindikira kwake chifuno cha Yehova chimene anatumizidwira kudziko lapansi. Motero, chochitika chonsechi chili ndi tanthauzo lalikulu.​—Luka 2:48, 49.

Yesu Amakonda Ana Ndipo Amawamvetsetsa

14. Kodi ndi mfundo zosangalatsa zotani zimene nkhani ya Yesu wachichepere pakachisi ingadziŵitse achichepere?

¹⁴ Nkhani imeneyi iyenera kukhala yosangalatsa kwambiri kwa achichepere. Imasonyeza mmene Yesu angakhalire ataphunzira mwakhama pamene anali kusinkhuka. Arabi pakachisi anazizwa ndi nzeru ya “mwana wa chilamulo” wazaka 12 ameneyu. Komabe iye anagwirabe ntchito ndi Yosefe m’nyumba yopalira matabwa, ‘namvera’ iye ndi Mariya, ndipo anakula “m’chisomo cha pa Mulungu ndi cha pa anthu.”​—Luka 2:51, 52.

15. Kodi ndimotani mmene Yesu anachirikizira achichepere mkati mwa utumiki wake wa padziko lapansi, ndipo kodi zimenezi zimatanthauzanji kwa achichepere lerolino?

¹⁵ Yesu anali kuchirikiza kwambiri achichepere mkati mwa utumiki wake wa padziko lapansi: “Koma ansembe aakulu ndi alembi, mmene anaona zozizwitsa zomwe Iye anazichita, ndi ana alinkufuula ku Kachisiko kuti, Hosana kwa Mwana wa Davide, anapsa mtima, nanena kwa Iye, Mulinkumva kodi chimene alikunena awa? Ndipo Yesu anati kwa iwo, Inde: simunaŵerenga kodi, M’kamwa mwa makanda ndi oyamwa munafotokozera zolemekeza?” (Mateyu 21:15, 16; Salmo 8:2) Iye mofananamo amachirikizanso achichepere zikwi mazana ambiri lerolino amene akusunga umphumphu wawo ndi kufotokoza zolemekeza, amene ena a iwo achita zimenezo kufikira pa kutaya miyoyo yawo!

16. (a) Kodi ndi phunziro lotani limene Yesu anaphunzitsa atumwi ake mwa kuika kamwana pakati pawo? (b) Kodi ndi panthaŵi yovuta kwambiri iti m’moyo wa Yesu pamene iye anapezabe nthaŵi kaamba ka ana?

¹⁶ Pamene atumwi anakangana ponena za amene anali wamkulu pa iwo, Yesu anauza 12 amenewo kuti: “Ngati munthu afuna kukhala woyamba, akhale wakuthungo wa onse, ndi mtumiki wa onse. Ndipo anatenga kamwana, nakaika pakati pawo, nakayangata, nanena nawo, Munthu aliyense adzalandira kamodzi ka tiana totere chifukwa cha dzina langa, alandira Ine; ndipo yense amene akalandira Ine, salandira Ine, koma Iye amene anandituma Ine.” (Marko 9:35-37) Ndiponso, pamene anali kupita ku Yerusalemu kwa nthaŵi yomaliza, kukayang’anizana ndi masautso owopsa ndi imfa, anapatula nthaŵi kaamba ka ana: “Lolani tiana tidze kwa Ine; musatiletse: pakuti Ufumu wa Mulungu uli wa totere.” Ndiyeno “anatiyangata, natidalitsa, ndi kuika manja ake pa ito.”​—Marko 10:13-16.

17. Kodi nchifukwa ninji kunali kosavuta kwa Yesu kugwirizana ndi ana, ndipo kodi nchiyani chimene ana ayenera kukumbukira ponena za iye?

¹⁷ Yesu amadziŵa mmene kukhala mwana pakati pa achikulire kulili. Iye anakhala ndi achikulire, kugwira nawo ntchito, kuona mmene kuwagonjera kulili, ndiponso anali pamtendere ndi wosungika chifukwa cha kukondedwa ndi iwo. Ananu, Yesu ameneyu ndi bwenzi lanu; anakuferani, ndipo mudzakhala ndi moyo kosatha ngati mumvera malamulo ake.​—Yohane 15:13, 14.

18. Kodi ndi lingaliro lotani losangalatsa limene tiyenera kukumbukira, makamaka m’nthaŵi za kupsinjika kapena nsautso?

¹⁸ Kuchita zimene Yesu amalamula sikuli kovuta monga mmene mungaganizire. Achicheperenu, iye alipo kaamba ka inu ndi wina aliyense, monga momwe timaŵerengera pa Mateyu 11:28-30 kuti: “Idzani kuno kwa Ine nonsenu akulema ndi akuthodwa, ndipo Ine ndidzakupumulitsani inu. Senzani goli langa [kapena, “Loŵani nane pansi pa goli langa,” NW, mawu amtsinde], ndipo phunzirani kwa Ine; chifukwa ndili wofatsa ndi wodzichepetsa mtima: ndipo mudzapeza mpumulo wa miyoyo yanu. Pakuti goli langa lili lofeŵa, ndi katundu wanga ali wopepuka.” Tangolingalirani, pamene mukuyenda m’moyo kutumikira Yehova, Yesu akuyendera limodzi nanu, akumafeŵetsa golilo ndi kupeputsa katundu. Limenelo ndi lingaliro losangalatsa chotani nanga kwa tonsefe!

19. Kodi ndi mafunso otani onena za njira ya Yesu yophunzitsira amene tifunikira kupenda nthaŵi ndi nthaŵi?

¹⁹ Pambuyo popenda njira zingapo chabe zimene Yesu anaphunzitsira, kodi tikupeza kuti timaphunzitsa monga momwe iye anachitira? Pamene tiona awo amene akudwala mwakuthupi kapena anjala mwauzimu, kodi timagwidwa ndi chisoni ndi kuchita zimene tingathe kuwathandiza? Polangiza ena, kodi timaphunzitsa Mawu a Mulungu, kapena kodi mofanana ndi Afarisi, timaphunzitsa malingaliro athuathu? Kodi tili atcheru moti nkuona zinthu zamasiku onse zotizinga zimene zingagwiritsiridwe ntchito kumveketsa, kuyerekezera, kuumba, ndi kuzamitsa kumvetsetsa kwa choonadi chauzimu? Kodi timapeŵa kuumirira pa malamulo ena pamene, chifukwa cha mikhalidwe, chikondi ndi chifundo chingasonyezedwe bwino mwa kugonja mmalo mwakugwiritsira ntchito malamulo otero? Ndipo bwanji ponena za ana? Kodi timasonyeza nkhaŵa yaikulu kwa iwo ndi kukoma mtima kwachikondi kumene Yesu anasonyeza? Kodi mumalimbikitsa ana anu kuphunzira monga momwe Yesu anaphunzirira pamene anali mnyamata? Kodi mudzachita mwamphamvu monga momwe Yesu anachitira koma nakhalabe wokonzekera kulandira olapa mwachimwemwe, monga thadzi lisonkhanitsa anapiye ake m’mapiko ake?​—Mateyu 23:37.

20. Kodi tingadzitonthoze ndi lingaliro lotani losangalatsa pamene tikutumikira Mulungu wathu?

²⁰ Ngati tiyesayesa mwamphamvu kuphunzitsa monga momwe Yesu anaphunzitsira, ndithudi iye adzatilola ‘kuloŵa pansi pa goli lake limodzi naye.’​—Mateyu 11:28-30.

[Mawu a M’munsi]

Kodi Mukukumbukira?

◻ Kodi nchifukwa ninji makamu a anthu anasonkhana kwa Yesu?

◻ Kodi nchifukwa ninji Yesu nthaŵi zina anagonja pa malamulo ena?

◻ Kodi tingaphunzireponji pa kufunsa kwa Yesu aphunzitsi apakachisi?

◻ Kodi ndi maphunziro otani amene tingatengepo pa unansi wa Yesu ndi ana?