Kodi Mukudziwa?

Pa Aefeso 2:11-15, kodi mtumwi Paulo ankanena za khoma lenileni pamene anatchula za khoma lolekanitsa Ayuda ndi Akunja?

Polembera kalata Akhristu a ku Efeso, mtumwi Paulo anasiyanitsa pakati pa Aisiraeli ndi “alendo.” Iye anafotokoza kuti panali “khoma” lomwe ‘linkalekanitsa’ magulu awiriwa. (Aefeso 2:11-15) Paulo ankanena za “Chilamulo chokhala ndi malamulo” chimene Mulungu anapereka kudzera mwa Mose. Koma kugwiritsa ntchito kwake mawu akuti “khoma” kuyenera kuti kunakumbutsa Akhristuwo za khoma lenileni lamiyala lomwe linalipodi.

M’nthawi ya atumwi, kachisi wa Yehova ku Yerusalemu anali ndi mabwalo omwe anthu ena sankaloledwa kulowamo. Munthu aliyense ankaloledwa kulowa m’Bwalo la Akunja, koma Ayuda ndi anthu otembenukira ku Chiyuda ndi okhawo omwe ankaloledwa kulowa m’mabwalo ena onse a kachisiyo. Khoma lamiyala ndi lomwe linkalekanitsa mabwalo oletsedwa ndi bwalo lomwe aliyense ankaloledwa kulowamo. Akuti khomali linali lalitali pafupifupi mita imodzi ndi theka. Malinga ndi zimene ananena Myuda wina wa m’nthawi ya atumwi yemwe anali katswiri wa mbiri yakale, dzina lake Flavius Josephus, pakhomali panali zikwangwani zochenjeza Akunja zolembedwa m’Chigiriki ndi Chilatini.

Anthu ena apeza chikwangwani cha Chigiriki chimene chinali pa khomali ndipo chili ndi mawu akuti: “Mlendo aliyense asadutse malire awa n’kulowa mu mpanda wa malo opatulika. Aliyense amene adzapezedwe atadutsa malirewa, adzaphedwa.”

Zikuoneka kuti Paulo anayerekezera khoma limeneli ndi pangano la Chilamulo cha Mose limene kwa nthawi yaitali linali kulekanitsa Ayuda ndi Akunja. Imfa ya nsembe ya Yesu inathetsa pangano la Chilamulolo, motero ‘inagwetsa khoma lowalekanitsa limene linali pakati pawo.’

N’chifukwa chiyani nthawi zambiri Baibulo limangotchula mafuko 12 a Isiraeli pomwe kwenikweni anali mafuko 13?

Mafuko kapena kuti mabanja a Isiraeli anali mbadwa za ana aamuna a Yakobo yemwe anadzayamba kutchedwa kuti Isiraeli. Yakobo anali ndi ana aamuna 12 omwe anali Rubeni, Simeoni, Levi, Yuda, Dani, Nafitali, Gadi, Aseri, Isakara, Zebuloni, Yosefe ndi Benjamini. (Genesis 29:32–30:24; 35:16-18) Mafuko 11 ankatchedwa ndi mayina a ana amenewa koma panalibe fuko limene linkatchedwa ndi dzina la Yosefe. M’malo mwake, mafuko awiri anali kutchedwa ndi mayina a ana ake aamuna. Ana amenewa ndi Efraimu ndi Manase ndipo anali atsogoleri a mafuko amenewa. Motero mafuko onse a Isiraeli analipo 13. Ndiyeno n’chifukwa chiyani nthawi zambiri Baibulo limatchula mafuko 12 okha?

Amuna a fuko la Levi anasankhidwa kuti azikatumikira ku chihema cha Yehova ndipo kenako anayamba kutumikira pa kachisi. Motero sankapita nawo kunkhondo. Yehova anauza Mose kuti: “Fuko la Levi lokha usaliwerenge, kapena kuona kufikira kwawo mwa ana a Isiraeli; koma iwe, uike Alevi asunge kachisi wa mboni, ndi zipangizo zake zonse, ndi zonse ali nazo.”​—Numeri 1:49, 50.

Komanso Alevi sanapatsidwe gawo lawolawo m’Dziko Lolonjezedwa. Koma anapatsidwa midzi 48 yomwe inali m’malo osiyanasiyana m’dziko lonse la Isiraeli.​—Numeri 18:20-24; Yoswa 21:41.

Pazifukwa ziwirizi, nthawi zambiri Baibulo silitchula fuko la Levi likamanena za mafuko a Isiraeli. Choncho, nthawi zambiri mafuko a Isiraeli amatchulidwa kuti analipo 12.​—Numeri 1:1-15.

[Mawu a Chithunzi patsamba 21]

Archaeological Museum of Istanbul