Dipo Lolinganira kwa Onse

‘Mwana wa munthu sanadza kutumikiridwa koma kutumikira, ndi kupereka moyo wake dipo la anthu ambiri.’​—MATEYU 20:28.

1, 2. (a) Kodi nchifukwa ninji tinganene kuti dipo ndilo mphatso yaikulu koposa imene Mulungu waipereka kwa anthu? (b) Kodi kusanthula dipolo kumadzetsa phindu lotani?

DIPO ndilo mphatso yaikulu koposa imene Mulungu waipereka kwa anthu. Mwa ‘kumasulidwa ndi dipo,’ tingakhale ndi ‘chikhululukiro cha zochimwa zathu.’ (Aefeso 1:7, NW) Ilo ndilo maziko a chiyembekezo cha moyo wosatha, kaya kumwamba kapena padziko lapansi laparadaiso. (Luka 23:43; Yohane 3:16) Ndipo chifukwa cha ilo, Akristu angasangalale ndi kaimidwe koyera pamaso pa Mulungu ngakhale tsopano.​—Chibvumbulutso 7:14, 15.

² Chotero dipolo sindilo kanthu kenakake kosamvekera bwino kapena kosatsimikizirika. Pokhala ndi maziko alamulo oima pa miyezo yaumulungu, dipolo lingadzetse mapindu enieni, owoneka. Mbali zina za chiphunzitsochi zingakhale ‘zovuta kuzizindikira.’ (2 Petro 3:16) Koma mudzapeza kuti kusanthula dipolo mosamalitsa kuli koyenerera kuyesayesa kwanu, popeza kuti ilo limasonyeza chikondi cha Mulungu chopambana kwa anthu. Kumvetsetsa tanthauzo la dipolo ndiko kumvetsetsa mfundo yaikulu ya ‘kulemera ndi nzeru ndi chidziŵitso’ zosayerekezereka za Mulungu.​—Aroma 5:8; 11:33.

Nkhani Zoti Zithetsedwe

3. Kodi ndimotani mmene dipo linadzakhalira lofunika, ndipo nchifukwa ninji Mulungu sakanangokhululukira kuchimwa kwa anthu?

³ Dipo linadzakhala lofunika chifukwa cha tchimo la munthu woyambirira, Adamu, yemwe anapatsira mbadwa zake choloŵa chatsoka cha kudwala, matenda, chisoni, ndi zopweteka. (Aroma 8:20) Mwa choloŵa chawo chakupanda ungwiro, mbadwa zonse za Adamu ziri “ana a mkwiyo,” oyenerera imfa. (Aefeso 2:3; Deuteronomo 32:5) Mulungu sakanagonjera ku chifundo chosalingalira ndikungokhululukira anthu ompandukira. Mawu ake enieni amasonyeza kuti ‘mphotho yake ya uchimo ndi imfa.’ (Aroma 6:23) Kuti alekerere kuchimwa kwa anthu, Mulungu akanafunikira kunyalanyaza miyezo yake yolungama, kupangitsa chilungamo chake chalamulo kukhala chopanda ntchito! (Yobu 40:8) Komabe, ‘chilungamo ndi chiweruzo ndiwo maziko a mpando wachifumu [wa Mulungu].’ (Salmo 89:14) Kupambuka kwake kulikonse pa chilungamo kukangolimbikitsa kusayeruzika ndi kudodometsa malo ake monga Wolamulira Wachilengedwe Chonse.​—Yerekezerani ndi Mlaliki 8:11.

4. Kodi ndinkhani ziti zimene chipanduko cha Satana chinabutsa?

⁴ Mulungu anafunikiranso kuthetsa nkhani zina zodzutsidwa ndi chipanduko cha Satana, nkhani zofunika kwenikweni kuposa tsoka la anthu. Satana anadetsa dzina labwino la Mulungu mwakumneneza kukhala wonama ndi wotsendereza wankhalwe amene anamana zolengedwa zake chidziŵitso ndi ufulu. (Genesis 3:1-5) Kuwonjezerapo, mwakuwoneka kukhala anadodometsa chifuniro cha Mulungu chakudzaza dziko lapansi ndi anthu olungama, Satana anapangitsa Mulungu kuwoneka kukhala wolephera. (Genesis 1:28; Yesaya 55:10, 11) Satana analimbanso mtima naneneza atumiki okhulupirika a Mulungu, akumati iwo anamtumikira Iye kokha chifukwa cha zifuno zadyera. Ngati apsinjidwa, anadzitama motero Satana, palibe ndimmodzi wa iwo akakhala wokhulupirika kwa Mulungu!​—Yobu 1:9-11.

5. Kodi nchifukwa ninji Mulungu sakananyalanyaza zitokoso za Satana?

⁵ Zitokoso zimenezi sizikananyalanyazidwa. Ngati zikanasiidwa zosayankhidwa, chidaliro ndi kuchirikiza ulamuliro wa Mulungu potsirizira pake zikanakokololedwa. (Miyambo 14:28) Ngati lamulo ndi dongosolo zinanyonyotsoka, kodi sipakakhala chipoloŵe chokhachokha m’chilengedwe chonse? Chifukwa chake Mulungu anaziika m’manja mwake ndi njira zake zolungama kulemekeza uchifumu wake. Iye analola atumiki ake okhulupirika kusonyeza kukhulupirika kwawo kosasweka kulinga kwa iye. Izi zinatanthauza kuchita ndi mkhalidwe wa anthu ochimwa mwanjira imene inapereka chisamaliro choyamba ku nkhani zazikulu koposa. Pambuyo pake iye anauza Israyeli kuti: ‘Ine, inedi, ndine amene ndifafaniza zolakwa zako, chifukwa cha ine mwini.’​—Yesaya 43:25.

Dipo: Chophimba

6. Kodi ndi mawu ena ati ogwiritsiridwa ntchito m’Baibulo kulongosola njira ya Mulungu yopulumutsira anthu?

⁶ Pa Salmo 92:5, timaŵerenga kuti: ‘Ha! ntchito zanu nzazikulu, Yehova. Zolingalira zanu nzozama ndithu.’ Chotero pamafunikira kuyesayesa kwamphamvu kuti timvetsetse zimene Mulungu anachitira anthu. (Yerekezerani ndi Salmo 36:5, 6.) Mokondweretsa, Baibulo limatithandiza kumvetsetsa nkhanizo mwakugwiritsira ntchito mawu angapo ofotokoza kapena kulongosola mwafanizo ntchito zazikulu za Mulungu m’malingaliro osiyanasiyana. Baibulo limalankhula za dipo monga malipiro, choyanjanitsa, chobwezeretsa, chiombolo, ndi chotetezera. (Salmo 49:8; Danieli 9:24; Agalatiya 3:13, NW; Akolose 1:20; Ahebri 2:17, NW) Koma mwinamwake liwu limene limalongosola nkhani bwino koposa nlimene Yesu mwiniwake anagwiritsira ntchito pa Mateyu 20:28 pamene anati: ‘Mwana wa munthu sanadza kutumikiridwa koma kutumikira, ndi kupereka moyo wake dipo [Chigiriki, lyʹtron] la anthu ambiri.’

7, 8. (a) Kodi timaphunziranji kuchokera ku mawu Achigiriki ndi Achihebri otanthauza dipo? (b) Fotokozani mwafanizo mmene dipo limaphatikiziramo kulinganiza.

⁷ Kodi dipo nchiyani? Liwu Lachigiriki lakuti lyʹtron likuchokera ku mneni wotanthauza “kumasula.” Linagwiritsiridwa ntchito kufotokoza ndalama zolipiridwa mosinthana ndi kumasulidwa kwa akaidi ankhondo. Komabe, m’Malemba Achihebri liwu lotanthauza dipo, koʹpher, likuchokera ku mneni wotanthauza “kuphimba” kapena “kukutira.” Mwachitsanzo, Mulungu anauza Nowa ‘kuphimba’ (ka·pharʹ) chingalawa ndi phula. (Genesis 6:14, NW) Chotero, kuchokera pa lingaliro limeneli, kupereka dipo, kapena kupereka chotetezera machimo kumatanthauza kuphimba machimo.​—Salmo 65:3.

⁸ Theological Dictionary of the New Testament imanena kuti koʹpher “nthaŵi zonse imatanthauza cholingana,” kapena chofanana. Chotero, chophimba (kap·poʹreth) cha likasa la chipangano chinali ndi mpangidwe wofanana ndi likasa lenilenilo. Mofananamo, m’kupereka chitetezero kaamba ka tchimo, kapena kupereka dipo, chilungamo chaumulungu chimafunikiritsa ‘moyo kulipa moyo, diso kulipa diso, dzino kulipa dzino, dzanja kulipa dzanja, phazi kulipa phazi.’ (Deuteronomo 19:21) Komabe, panthaŵi zina, chilungamo chingakhutiritsidwe ngati cholinganiza chaperekedwa mwanjira ya chilango chosamalitsa kwenikweni. Tiyeni tifotokoze mwafanizo motere: Eksodo 21:28-32 amalankhula za ng’ombe imene yathwika munthu nafa. Ngati mwiniwake anadziŵa mkhalidwe wa ng’ombeyo koma sanachitepo kanthu moichenjerera, akachititsidwa kuphimba, kapena kulipira ndi moyo wake weniweniwo, kaamba ka moyo wa wophedwayo! Komabe, bwanji ngati mwiniwakeyo anali ndi mbali chabe ya liŵongolo? Iye akafunikira koʹpher, chinachake chophimba cholakwa chake. Oweruza oikidwa akamuŵerengera dipo, kapena faindi, monga malipiro achiombolo.

9. Kodi ndimotani mmene mkhalidwe wophatikizamo mwana wachisamba wa Israyeli umafotokozera mwafanizo kulinganiza kwandendende kofunikira malipiro achiombolo?

⁹ Liwu lina Lachihebri logwirizana ndi “kupereka dipo” ndilo pa·dhahʹ, mneni wotanthauza kwakukulukulu malipiro “kuombola.” Numeri 3:39-51 imafotokoza mwafanizo mmene malipiro achiombolo anayenera kulipiridwa molinganiza ndendende. Pokhala anapulumutsa ana achisamba Achiisrayeli kukuphedwa pa Paskha wa 1513 B.C.E., iwo anakhala ake ake a Mulungu. Motero iye akanafuna kuti mwana wachisamba wamwamuna Wachiisrayeli aliyense amtumikire iye m’kachisi. Mmalomwake, Mulungu analola kulandira ‘malipiro achiombolo’ (pidh·yohmʹ, nauni yochokera ku pa·dhahʹ), nalamula kuti: “Ndipo unditengere Ine Alevi . . . m’malo mwa oyamba kubadwa onse mwa ana a Israyeli.” Koma kuloŵa m’maloko kunayenera kukhala kolingana ndendende. Chiŵerengero cha fuko la Levi chinatengedwa: amuna 22,000. Chotsatira, chiŵerengero cha ana achisamba Achiisrayeli onse: amuna 22,273. Ana achisamba 273 owonjezereka amenewo akanaomboledwa kokha mwakulipira “mtengo wadipo” (NW) wa masekeli asanu pa munthu mmodzi, kuwamasula ku utumiki wa pakachisi.

Dipo Lolinganira

10. Kodi nchifukwa ninji nsembe za nyama sizinali zokwanira kuphimba machimo a anthu?

¹⁰ Zimene talongosolazo zimafotokoza mwafanizo kuti dipo liyenera kukhala lolingana ndi chimene likuchiloŵa m’malo, kapena kuphimba. Nsembe zanyama zoperekedwa ndi amuna okhulupirika kuchokera kwa Abele kunka mtsogolo sizikaphimba kwenikweni machimo a anthu, popeza kuti anthu ngoposa zilombo. (Salmo 8:4-8) Motero Paulo anatha kulemba kuti ‘sikutheka kuti mwazi wa ng’ombe zamphongo, ndi mbuzi ukachotsere machimo.’ Nsembe zoterozo zikangotumikira monga chophimba chowonerapo, kapena chophiphiritsira, poyembekezera dipo limene linkabwera.​—Ahebri 10:1-4.

11, 12. (a) Kodi nchifukwa ninji anthu mamiliyoni zikwi zambiri sanafunikire kufa imfa zansembe kotero kuti aphimbe kuchimwa kwa anthu? (b) Kodi ndani yekha anakhoza kutumikira monga “dipo lolinganira,” ndipo kodi imfa yake imatumikira chifuno chotani?

¹¹ Dipo lochitiridwa chithunzi limeneli linayenera kukhala lolingana ndendende ndi Adamu, popeza kuti chilango cha imfa chimene Mulungu anachipereka mwachilungamo pa Adamu chinatulukapo kukanidwa kwa fuko la anthu. “Mwa Adamu onse amwalira,” akutero 1 Akorinto 15:22. Chotero sikunali kofunika kuti anthu mamiliyoni zikwizikwi afe imfa zansembe kuti alinganire mbadwa ya Adamu iriyonse. ‘Uchimo unaloŵa m’dziko lapansi mwa munthu mmodzi [Adamu], ndi imfa mwa uchimo.’ (Aroma 5:12) Ndipo “monga imfa inadza mwa munthu” chiombolo cha mtundu wa anthu chikadzanso “mwa munthu.”​—1 Akorinto 15:21.

¹² Munthu amene akakhala dipo anayenera kukhala munthu wangwiro wa nyama ndi mwazi​—wolingana ndendende ndi Adamu. (Aroma 5:14) Munthu wauzimu kapena “Mulungu-munthu” sakalinganizitsa miyeso ya chilungamo. Kokha munthu wangwiro, winawake wosakhala pansi pa chiweruzo cha imfa cha Adamu, ndiye akapereka “dipo lolinganira,” wolingana ndendende ndi Adamu. (1 Timoteo 2:6, NW)a Mwakupereka nsembe moyo wake modzifunira, “Adamu wotsirizayo” anatha kulipira mtengo wa uchimo wa “munthu woyamba, Adamu.”​—1 Akorinto 15:45; Aroma 6:23.

13, 14. (a) Kodi Adamu ndi Hava akupindula ndi dipolo? Longosolani. (b) Kodi ndimotani mmene dipolo linapindulira mbadwa za Adamu? Longosolani mwafanizo.

¹³ Komabe, Adamu ndi Hava yemwe, sakupindula ndi dipo limeneli. Chilamulo cha Mose chinali ndi muyezo uwu: “Musamalandira dipo lakuombola moyo wa wambanda woyenerera kufa.” (Numeri 35:31, NW) Adamu sananyengedwe, chotero tchimo lake linali lodzifunira, ladala. (1 Timoteo 2:14) Linatulukapo kupha mbadwa zake mwambanda, popeza kuti izo tsopano zinatenga choloŵa cha kupanda ungwiro kwake, motero zikukhala pansi pachiweruzo cha imfa. Momvekera bwino, Adamu anayenerera kufa, popeza kuti monga munthu wangwiro, iye anasankha dala kusamvera lamulo la Mulungu. Kukanakhala kuwombana ndi miyezo yolungama ya Yehova kuti iye agwiritsire ntchito dipolo kwa Adamu. Komabe, kulipira mtengo wa tchimo la Adamu, kumafafaniza chiweruzo cha imfa pa mbadwa za Adamu! (Aroma 5:16) M’lingaliro lalamulo, mphamvu yowononga ya uchimo ikudulidwa pa magwero ake penipenipo. Woperekedwa dipoyo ‘akulaŵa imfa kaamba ka munthu aliyense,’ akusenza zotulukapo za uchimo kaamba ka ana onse a Adamu.​—Ahebri 2:9; 2 Akorinto 5:21; 1 Petro 2:24.

¹⁴ Tifotokoze mwafanizo motere: Talingalirani fakitale yaikulu yokhala ndi antchito mazana ambiri. Manijala wosaona mtima wa fakitaleyo aba ndalama nagwetsa bizinesiyo; fakitaleyo nkutsekedwa. Anthu mazana ambiri tsopano sali pantchito ndipo satha kulipirira ngongole zawo. Anzawo a muukwati, ana, eya, ndi owakongoletsa onse akuvutika chifukwa cha kuba kwa munthu mmodzi uja! Ndiyeno pabwera wowawonjola wachuma amene alipira ngongole zonse za kampani ndikutsegulanso fakitaleyo. Kufafanizidwa kwa ngongole imodziyo, tsopano, kudzetsa mpumulo wokwanira kwa antchito ambirimbiriwo, mabanja awo, ndi owakongoletsa. Koma kodi manijala woyambirirayo amagawanako m’kukhupuka kwatsopanoko? Ayi, iye ali m’ndende ndipo motero anachokeratu pantchito yake! Mofananamo, kufafanizidwa kwa ngongole imodzi ya Adamu kudzetsa mapindu kwa mamiliyoni a mbadwa zake​—koma osati kwa Adamu.

Kodi Ndani Amene Akulipereka Dipolo?

15. Kodi ndani akapereka dipo kaamba ka anthu, ndipo nchifukwa ninji?

¹⁵ Wamasalmo anadzuma motere: ‘Kuombola mbale sangadzamuombole, kapena kumperekera dipo kwa Mulungu: (Popeza chiombolo cha moyo wawo ncha mtengo wake wapatali, ndipo chilekeke nthaŵi yonse).’ The New English Bible imati mtengo wadipo unali “unapyola kwamuyaya pa mphamvu yake youlipira.” (Salmo 49:7, 8) Pamenepa, kodi ndani yemwe akapereka dipolo? Yehova yekha ndiye akapereka ‘Mwanawankhosa . . . amene achotsa tchimo lake la dziko.’ (Yohane 1:29) Mulungu sanatumize mngelo kudzawonjola mtundu wa anthu. Iye anapereka nsembe yaikulukulu mwakutumiza Mwana wake wobadwa yekha, “amene anakondwera naye kwambiri.”​—Miyambo 8:30, NW; Yohane 3:16.

16. (a) Kodi ndimotani mmene Mwana wa Mulungu anadzabadwira monga munthu wangwiro? (b) Kodi Yesu akatchedwa yani m’lingaliro lalamulo?

¹⁶ Mwakukhalamo kwake ndi phande modzifunira m’kakonzedwe kaumulungu, Mwana wa Mulungu “anadzikhuthula yekha” ndikusiya mkhalidwe wake wakumwamba. (Afilipi 2:7) Yehova anasamutsa mphamvu ya moyo ndi mtundu wa umunthu wa Mwana wake wachisamba wakumwamba naziika m’mimba mwa namwali Wachiyuda wotchedwa Mariya. Pamenepo mzimu woyera ‘unamphimba iye,’ kutsimikiziritsa kuti mwana wokula m’mimba mwake akakhala woyera, womasuka kotheratu ku uchimo. (Luka 1:35; 1 Petro 2:22) Monga munthu, iye akatchedwa Yesu. Koma m’lingaliro la lamulo, akatchedwa ‘Adamu wachiŵiri,’ popeza kuti iye analingana ndendende ndi Adamu. (1 Akorinto 15:45, 47) Motero Yesu akadzipereka yekha nsembe monga ‘mwanawankhosa wopanda chirema, ndi wopanda banga,’ dipo la mtundu wa anthu wochimwa.​—1 Petro 1:18, 19.

17. (a) Kodi dipo linalipiridwa kwa yani, ndipo nchifukwa ninji? (b) Popeza kuti Mulungu ponse paŵiri amapereka ndi kulandira dipolo, kodi nchifukwa ninji kusinthanako kukupangidwa nkomwe?

¹⁷ Komabe, kodi nkwayani kumene dipolo likalipiridwa? Kwa zaka mazana ambiri akatswiri amaphunziro azaumulungu a Chikristu Chadziko ankatsutsa nati linalipiridwa kwa Satana Mdyerekezi. Chenicheni nchakuti mtundu wa anthu ‘wagulitsidwa’ ku uchimo ndipo motero wakhala pansi pa ulamuliro wa Satana. (Aroma 7:14; 1 Yohane 5:19) Chikhalirechobe, Yehova, osati Satana, ndiye ‘akupereka chilango’ kaamba ka kuchita cholakwa. (1 Atesalonika 4:6, NW) Chifukwa chake, Salmo 49:7 limanena momvekera bwino kuti, dipolo liyenera kulipiridwa “kwa Mulungu.” Yehova achititsa dipo kukhalapo, koma pambuyo pakuti Mwanawankhosa wa Mulungu waperekedwa nsembe, mtengo wa dipo lake uyenera kulipiridwa kwa Mulungu. (Yerekezerani ndi Genesis 22:7, 8, 11-13; Ahebri 11:17.) Ichi sichimachepetsa dipolo kukhala kusinthanitsa wamba kwa chinthu kosaphula kanthu, monga ngati kuchotsa ndalama m’thumba limodzi ndi kuiika m’lina. Dipolo siliri kwenikweni kusinthana kwakuthupi monga kugulana kwalamulo. Mwakuumirira kuti dipo liperekedwe​—ngakhale kuti iyemwini akataikiridwa koposa​—Yehova anatsimikizira kumamatira kwake kosagwedera ku miyezo yake yolungama.​—Yakobo 1:17.

“Kwatha”

18, 19. Kodi nchifukwa ninji kunali kofunika kwa Yesu kuvutika?

¹⁸ M’ngululu ya 33 C.E., nthaŵi inafika yakuti dipolo liperekedwe. Yesu Kristu anamangidwa pa milandu yomnamizira, anaweruzidwa kukhala waliŵongo, ndikukhomeredwa pa mtengo wonyongerapo. Iye anachonderera Mulungu ndi “kulira kwakukulu ndi misozi” chifukwa cha kupweteka kwakukulu ndi kuchititsidwa manyazi koloŵetsedwamo. (Ahebri 5:7) Kodi kunali kofunika kuti Yesu avutike choncho? Inde, chifukwa chakuti mwakukhala ‘woyera mtima, wopanda choipa, wosadetsedwa, wosiyana ndi ochimwa,’ kufikira kumapeto, Yesu anathetsa nkhani ya umphumphu wa atumiki a Mulungu ndimapeto ozizwitsa.​—Ahebri 7:26.

¹⁹ Mavuto a Kristu anatumikiranso kumyeneretsa kaamba ka udindo wake monga Mkulu Wansembe wa anthu. Motero, iye sakakhala wolamulira wosamalira za mwiniyekha, wopanda chifundo. “Popeza adamva zowawa, poyesedwa yekha, akhoza kuthandiza iwo amene ayesedwa.” (Ahebri 2:10, 18; 4:15) Potsirizika, Yesu anatha kulira mwachipambano kuti, “Kwatha.” (Yohane 19:30) Iye sanangotsimikiziritsa umphumphu wake komanso anapambana m’kuyala maziko a chipulumutso cha anthu​—ndipo chofunika kwambiri, analemekeza ufumu wa Yehova!

20, 21. (a) Kodi nchifukwa ninji Kristu anaukitsidwa kwa akufa? (b) Kodi nchifukwa ninji Yesu Kristu ‘anapatsidwa moyo mumzimu’?

²⁰ Komabe, kodi ndimwanjira yotani kwenikweni mmene dipolo lidzagwiritsiridwa ntchito kaamba ka anthu ochimwa? Liti? Motani? Nkhani zimenezi sizinasiidwe kudzachitika mwangozi. Patsiku lachitatu pambuyo pa imfa ya Kristu, Yehova anamuukitsa kwa akufa. (Machitidwe 3:15; 10:40) Mwakachitidwe kofunika kwambiri kameneka, chenicheni chimene chinatsimikiziridwa ndi mboni zambiri zowona ndi maso, Yehova sanangofupa utumiki wokhulupirika wa Mwana wake komanso anampatsa mwaŵi wakutsiriza ntchito yake yakuwombola.​—Aroma 1:4; 1 Akorinto 15:3-8.

²¹ Yesu ‘anapatsidwa moyo mumzimu,’ thupi lake lapadziko lapansi linataidwa mwanjira yobisika. (1 Petro 3:18; Salmo 16:10; Machitidwe 2:27) Monga cholengedwa chauzimu, Yesu woukitsidwayo tsopano akabwerera kumwamba mwachilakiko. Ha, nchisangalalo chosefukira chotani nanga chomwe chinali kumwamba pachochitika chimenecho! (Yerekezerani ndi Yobu 38:7.) Yesu sanabwerere kukangosangalala ndi kulandiridwa kwake. Iye anadzachita ntchito zinanso, kuphatikizapo ya kutheketsa fuko lonse la anthu kupindula ndi dipo lake. (Yerekezerani ndi Yohane 5:17, 20, 21.) Tidzakambitsirana m’nkhani yotsatira mmene iye anachitira chimenechi ndi zimene chikutanthauza kwa anthu.

[Mawu a M’munsi]

Mafunso Obwereramo

◻ Kodi ndinkhani ziti zimene zinali zofunika kwakukulu kuposa ngakhale chipulumutso cha anthu?

◻ Kodi ‘kupereka dipo’ kaamba ka ochimwa kumatanthauzanji?

◻ Kodi Yesu anafunikira kulingana ndi yani, ndipo nchifukwa ninji?

◻ Kodi ndani akupereka dipo, ndipo kodi likulipiridwa kwa yani?

◻ Kodi nchifukwa ninji kunali kofunika kuti Kristu aukitsidwe kwa akufa monga mzimu?

[Chithunzi patsamba 13]

Nsembe za nyama zinali zosakwanira kuphimba machimo a anthu; izo zinachitira chithunzi nsembe yokulirapo yobwerayo