“Kusakhoza kufa kwa moyo ndiko lingaliro la Agiriki lopangidwa m’madzoma achinsinsi akalekale ndipo linapititsidwa patsogolo ndi katswiri wa nthanthi Plato.”—Presbyterian Life, May 1, 1970, p. 35.

“Kodi timakhulupirira kuti kuli chinthu choterocho chotchedwa imfa? . . . Kodi sindiko kulekana kwa moyo ndi thupi? Ndipo imfa ndiyo kukwaniritsidwa kwa chimenechi; pamene moyo ukhalako mwa uwo wokha, ndipo umasulidwa m’thupi ndipo thupi limasuka kumoyo, kodi chimenecho chingakhale chiyani ngati sindicho imfa? . . . Ndipo kodi moyo umavomera kuti umafa? Ayi. Pamenepo kodi moyo uli wosakhoza kufa? Inde.”—“Phaedo,” ya Plato, Zigawo 64, 105, monga momwe yafalitsidwira mu Great Books of the Western World (1952), lolembedwa ndi R. M. Hutchins, Vol. 7, pp. 223, 245, 246.

“Monga momwe tawonera, vuto la kusakhoza kufa kwa moyo, linachititsa chisamaliro chachikulu cha akatswiri anthanthi Achibabulo. . . . Anthu kapena atsogoleri achipembedzo sanavomereze kuti kuwonongedwa kotheratu kwa chinthu chimene chinayamba kukhalako ndi moyo nkotheka. Imfa inali njira yopitira kumtundu wina wa moyo.”—The Religion of Babylonia and Assyria (Boston, 1898), M. Jastrow, Jr., p. 556.

Wonaninso tsamba 153-155, pamutu wakuti “Imfa.”

Mpatuko

Tanthauzo: Mpatuko ndiko kusiya kapena kuleka kulambira ndi kutumikira Mulungu, kwenikweni ndiko kupandukira Yehova Mulungu. Ampatuko ena amadzinenera kukhala akudziŵa ndi kutumikira Mulungu koma amakana ziphunzitso kapena malamulo ondandalikidwa m’Mawu ake. Ena amanena kuti amakhulupirira Baibulo koma amakana gulu la Yehova.

Kodi tiyenera kuyembekeza kuti ampatuko adzabuka mkati mwa mpingo Wachikristu?

1 Tim. 4:1: “Mzimu unena monenetsa, kuti m’masiku otsiriza ena adzataya chikhulupiriro, ndi kusamala mizimu yosokeretsa ndi maphunziro aziwanda.”

2 Ates. 2:3: “Munthu asakunyengeni konseko; kuti [tsiku la Yehova] silifika, koma chiyambe chifike chipatukocho, navumbulutsike munthu wosayeruzika, mwana wa chiwonongeko.”

Zizindikiro zina za ampatuko—

Iwo amafunafuna kupanga ena kukhala otsatira awo, motero kuchititsa magaŵano a mpatuko

Mac. 20:30, NW: “Pakati panu penipeni padzabuka amuna olankhula zinthu zokhota kuti akope ophunzira awatsatire.”

2 Pet. 2:1, 3: “Padzakhala aphunzitsi onama pakati pa inu, amene adzaloŵa nayo m’tseri mipatuko yotayikitsa, nadzakana Ambuye amene adawagula, . . . Ndipo m’chisiriro adzakuyesani malonda ndi mawu onyenga.”

Iwo angadzinenere kukhala okhulupirira Kristu koma nachita moluluza ntchito yolalikira ndi kuphunzitsa imene anayigaŵira kwa otsatira ake

Luka 6:46: “Ndipo munditchuliranji ine Ambuye, Ambuye, ndi kusachita zimene ndizinena?”

Mat. 28:19, 20, NW: “Chifukwa chake mukani ndi kupanga ophunzira mwa anthu amitundu yonse, mukumawabatiza . . . mukumawaphunzitsa kusunga zinthu zonse zimene ndakulamulirani.”

Mat. 24:14: “Ndipo uthenga uwu wabwino wa Ufumu udzalalikidwa padziko lonse lapansi, ukhale mboni kwa anthu amitundu yonse; ndipo pomwepo chidzafika chimaliziro.”

Iwo angadzinenere kukhala akutumikira Mulungu koma amakana oimira ake, gulu lake lowoneka

Yuda 8, 11: “Momwemonso iwo m’kulota kwawo adetsa matupi awo, napeputsa ufumu, nachitira mwano maulemerero. Tsoka kwa iwo! pakuti . . . anataika m’chitsutsano cha Kora.”

Num. 16:1-3, 11, 19-21: “Kora . . . anauka pamodzi ndi amuna mazana aŵiri mphambu makumi asanu a ana a Israyeli, ndiwo akalonga a khamulo . . . ndipo anasonkhana motsutsana kwa Mose ndi Aroni, nanena nawo, Mukula mphamvu inu, pakuti khamu lonse nlopatulika, onsewa, ndipo Yehova ali pakati pawo; mudzikuza bwanji pamsonkhano wa Yehova? . . . [Mose anati:] Iwe ndi khamu lonse mwasonkhana kutsutsana ndi Yehova; ndipo Aroniyo ndani, kuti mudandaule pa iye? Ndipo Kora anasonkhanitsa khamu lonse mopikisana nawo kukhomo la chihema chokumanako; ndipo ulemerero wa Yehova unawoneka kwa khamu lonse. Ndipo Yehova ananena ndi Mose ndi Aroni, nati, Dzipatuleni pakati pa khamu lino kuti ndiwathe m’kamphindi.”

Sikokha kuti iwo amakana chikhulupiriro chowona koma iwo “amamenya” atsamwali awo oyambawo, akumagwiritsira ntchito chisulizo chapoyera ndi njira zina kudodometsa ntchito yawo; zoyesayesa za ampatuko amenewa zalunjikitsidwa pa kugwetsa, osati kumanga

Mat. 24:45-51: “Ndani kodi ali kapolo wokhulupirika ndi wanzeru, amene mbuye wake anamkhazika woyang’anira banja lake, kuwapatsa zakudya panthaŵi yake? . . . Koma kapolo woipa akanena mumtima mwake, Mbuye wanga wachedwa; nadzayamba kupanda anzake, nadya ndi kumwa pamodzi ndi oledzera, mbuye wa kapoloyo adzafika tsiku losamuyembekezera iye, ndi nthaŵi yosadziŵa iye, nadzamdula, nadzaika pokhala pake ndi anthu onyenga.”

2 Tim. 2:16-18: “Koma peŵa nkhani zopanda pake; pakuti adzapitirira kutsata chisapembedzo, ndipo mawu awo adzanyeka chironda; a iwo ali Humenayo ndi Fileto; ndiwo amene adasokera kunena za chowonadi, ponena kuti kuuka kwa akufa kwachitika kale, napasula chikhulupiriro cha ena.”

Kodi Akristu okhulupirika akalandira ampatuko, kaya mwa kucheza nawo kapena mwa kuŵerenga mabukhu awo?

2 Yoh. 9, 10: “Yense wakupitirira, wosakhala m’chiphunzitso cha Kristu, alibe Mulungu; . . . munthu akadza kwa inu, wosatenga chiphunzitso ichi, musamlandire iye kunyumba, ndipo musamlankhule.”

Aroma 16:17, 18: “Ndipo ndikudandaulirani, abale, yang’anirani iwo akuchita zopatutsana ndi zophunthwitsa, kosalingana ndi chiphunzitsocho munachiphunzira inu; ndipo potolokani kwa iwo. . . . ndi mawu osalaza ndi osyasyalika kusokeretsa mitima ya osalakwa.”

Kodi chivulazo chowopsa chirichonse chingadze kuchokera m’kukhutiritsa chidwi cha munthuwe ponena za maganizo a ampatuko?

Miy. 11:9, NW: “Wampatuko abweretsa chiwonongeko pa munthu mnzake ndi mkamwa mwake.”

Yes. 32:6: “Wopusa adzanena zopusa, ndi mtima wake udzachita