Malifalensi a Kabuku ka Umoyo na Utumiki Wathu
SEPTEMBER 3-9
CUMA COPEZEKA M’MAU A MULUNGU | YOHANE 1-2
Kufufuza Cuma ca Kuuzimu
nwtsty mfundo zounikila pa Yoh. 1:1
Mau: Kapena kuti “Logos.” M’Cigiriki ni ho loʹgos. Pa vesiyi mauwa anawaseŵenzetsa monga dzina laudindo, anawaseŵenzetsanso pa Yoh. 1:14 komanso pa Chiv. 19:13. Yohane anaonetsa kuti mwini wake wa dzina laudindo limeneli ni Yesu. Ndilo dzina limene Yesu anali kuchedwa nalo pamene anali kumwamba monga colengedwa cauzimu, komanso pamene anali kucita utumiki wake pano padziko lapansi monga munthu wangwilo, ndiponso pamene anakwezedwa kumwamba. Yesu anali Mau m’lingalilo lakuti anali kukambilako Mulungu, kapena kuti kumulankhulila popeleka uthenga na malangizo kwa ana ena auzimu a Mulungu, komanso kwa anthu. Conco, m’pomveka kuganiza kuti Yesu asanabwele padziko lapansi, Yehova anali kukamba na anthu kupitila mwa Mauyo, kutanthauza mngelo wake amene anali kumukambilako.—Gen. 16:7-11; 22:11; 31:11; Eks. 3:2-5; Ower. 2:1-4; 6:11, 12; 13:3.
anali ndi: Mau ake eni-eni ni, “pafupi.” Pa vesiyi, mau a Cigiriki akuti pros atanthauza kukhala pafupi kwambili kapena kukhala pamodzi. Mauwa amaonetsanso kuti pali anthu aŵili osiyana, amene palembali achulidwa kuti ni Mau, komanso Mulungu yekha woona.
Mauyo anali mulungu: Kapena kuti “Mau anali waumulungu [kapena “monga mulungu”].” Mau amene Yohane anakamba afotokoza za khalidwe kapena zocita za “Mauyo” (M’Cigiriki ho loʹgos; onani mfundo younikila pa Mau mu vesi ino), amene ni Yesu Khristu. Udindo wa Mauyo, monga Mwana woyamba kubadwa wa Mulungu amene kupitila mwa iye Mulungu analenga zinthu zonse, ndiwo maziko omuchulila kuti “mulungu; monga mulungu; waumulungu.” Omasulila ambili amakonda kamasulidwe kakuti “Mauyo anali Mulungu,” kumulinganiza na Mulungu Wamphamvuzonse. Koma pali zifukwa zomveka zokambila kuti Yohane sanatanthauze kuti “Mauyo” anali cimodzi-modzi na Mulungu Wamphamvuzonse. Coyamba, ciganizo ca pambuyo komanso ca patsogolo, zonse zionetsa bwino kuti “Mauyo” “anali ndi Mulungu.” Cina, liu la Cigiriki lakuti the·osʹ limapezeka katatu mu vesi 1 na 2. Pamene lionekela koyamba na kacitatu, liuli analilemba na mpelekezi woloza cinthu (definite article) m’Cigiriki; koma pamene lionekela kaciŵili lilibe mpelekezi woloza cinthu. Akatswili ambili amavomeleza kuti kusakhalapo kwa mpelekezi woloza cinthu pa mau aciŵili akuti the·osʹ n’kofunika kwambili. Liu lakuti the·osʹ likalembedwa na mpelekezi woloza cinthu, limatanthauza Mulungu Wamphamvuzonse. Koma liuli the·osʹ likalembedwa lopanda mpelekezi woloza cinthu (definite article), limatanthauza mkhalidwe cabe wa uyo wochedwa “Mau.” Conco, ma Baibo ambili a Cizungu, Cifulenchi, na Cijelemani, amamasulila liuli mofanana na Baibulo la Dziko Latsopano, popeleka lingalilo lakuti “Mauyo” anali “mulungu; waumulungu; mtundu waumulungu; monga mulungu.” Komanso, pomasulila Uthenga Wabwino wa Yohane m’Cisahidiki na m’Cibohailiki, zitundu zimene zinacokela ku Cikoputiki, zimene zinali kukambiwa m’ma 200 mpaka m’ma 300 C.E., anamasulila liu loyamba lakuti the·osʹ pa Yoh. 1:1 mosiyana na laciŵili. Mamasulidwe amenewa aonetsa mmene “Mauyo” alili, kuti ali na makhalidwe olinganako na Mulungu, osati kuti ni wolingana ndendende na Atate wake, Mulungu wamphamvuzonse, iyayi. Mogwilizana na vesi imeneyi, Akol. 2:9 imafotokoza kuti Khristu ni “wodzaza bwino kwambili ndi makhalidwe a Mulungu.” Ndipo malinga na 2 Pet. 1:4, ngakhale amene adzalamulila pamodzi na Khristu nawonso adzakhala na “makhalidwe a Mulungu.” Cinanso, mu Baibo ya Septuagint, liu la Cigiriki lakuti the·osʹ kambili m’Ciheberi amalimasulila kuti “Mulungu” ʼel kapena ʼelo·himʹ, mau amene amatanthauza “Wamphamvu; Wolimba.” Mau a Ciheberi amenewa amawaseŵenzetsa pokamba za Mulungu wamphamvuzonse, milungu ina, ngakhale anthu. Kutomola Mauyo kuti “mulungu,” kapena kuti “wamphamvu,” kumagwilizana na ulosi wa pa Yes. 9:6, umene umakamba kuti Mesiya adzachedwa “Mulungu Wamphamvu” (osati “Mulungu Wamphamvuzonse”), na kutinso adzakhala “Atate Wosatha” kwa onse amene adzakhala na mwayi wolamulidwa ndi iye. Atate wake, “Yehova wa makamu,” adzakwanitsa zimenezi mosapeneka.—Yes. 9:7.
nwtsty mfundo younikila pa Yoh. 1:29
Mwanawankhosa wa Mulungu: Pambuyo pakuti Yesu wabatizika ndipo wabwelako kokayesedwa na Mdyerekezi, Yohane M’batizi anamudziŵitsa kwa anthu kuti ni “Mwanawankhosa wa Mulungu.” Mau amenewa amapezeka cabe pa vesiyi, komanso pa Yoh. 1:36. (Onani Cigawo 4 mu Buku Lothandiza Pophunzila Mau a Mulungu.) Kuyelekezela Yesu na mwanawankhosa n’koyenelela. Baibo ionetsa kuti kale anthu akacimwa anali kupeleka nkhosa kuti Mulungu awakhululukile komanso kuti awayanje. Izi zinacitila cithunzi nsembe imene Yesu anali kudzapeleka potaya moyo wake wangwilo kuti awombole mtundu wa anthu. Mau akuti “Mwanawankhosa wa Mulungu” angatanthauze zinthu zingapo zochulidwa m’Malemba ouzilidwa. Popeza Yohane M’batizi anali kuyadziŵa bwino Malemba a Ciheberi, n’kutheka kuti anatanthauza cimodzi kapena zingapo mwa zinthu izi: nkhosa yamphongo imene Abulahamu anapeleka m’malo mwa mwana wake Isaki (Gen. 22:13), mwana wa nkhosa wa Pasika amene anaphedwa ku Iguputo kumasula Aisiraeli ku ukapolo (Eks. 12:1-13), kapenanso mwana wa nkhosa wamphongo amene anali kupelekedwa kwa Mulungu pa guwa la nsembe ku Yerusalemu m’maŵa na madzulo aliwonse (Eks. 29:38-42). N’kuthekanso kuti anali kuganizila ulosi wa Yesaya, wokamba za munthu amene Yehova anamucha “mtumiki wanga,” amene “anatengedwa ngati nkhosa yopita kokaphedwa.” (Yes. 52:13; 53:5, 7, 11) Nayenso mtumwi Paulo polemba kalata yake yoyamba kwa Akorinto, anatomola Yesu kuti “nsembe yathu ya Pasika.” (1 Akor. 5:7) Mtumwi Petulo anakamba za “magazi amtengo wapatali [a Khristu], monga a nkhosa yopanda cilema ndi yopanda maŵanga.” (1 Pet. 1:19) Ndipo m’maulendo oposa 25 m’buku la Chivumbulutso, Yesu mophiphilitsila akuchulidwa kuti “Mwanawankhosa.”—Zitsanzo zinanso zimapezeka pa: Chiv. 5:8; 6:1; 7:9; 12:11; 13:8; 14:1; 15:3; 17:14; 19:7; 21:9; 22:1.
SEPTEMBER 10-16
CUMA COPEZEKA M’MAU A MULUNGU | YOHANE 3-4
“Yesu Alalikila Mayi Wacisamariya”
nwtsty mfundo younikila pa Yoh. 4:6
atatopa: Ni apa cabe m’Malemba pamene tipeza mau akuti Yesu ‘anatopa.’ Nthawi inali ca m’ma 12 koloko masana, ndipo kum’maŵa tsikulo Yesu ayenela kuti anayenda ulendowo kucokela ku Cigwa ca Yorodano ku Yudeya kupita ku Sukari ku Samariya, pa cikweza ca mamita 900 olo kuposelapo.—Yoh. 4:3-5; Onani Cigawo 4 mu Buku Lothandiza Pophunzila Mau a Mulungu.
Kufufuza Cuma ca Kuuzimu
nwtsty mfundo younikila pa Yoh. 3:29
mnzake wa mkwati: M’nthawi zakale, mnzake wa pamtima wa mkwati ndiye anali wovomelezeka mwalamulo kumuimilako, ndipo anali na udindo waukulu polinganiza makonzedwe a cikwati. Anali kuonedwa kuti ndiye anathandizila kubweletsa pamodzi mkwati na mkwatibwi. Pa tsiku la cikwati, akwati na owapelekeza anali kufikila kunyumba kwa mkwati kapena kwa atate wake, kumene kunali kucitikila phwando la cikwati. Ku phwando la cikwati kumeneko, mnzake wa mkwati anali kusangalala kumva mau a mkwati polankhula kwa mkwatibwi wake, podziŵa kuti lomba watsiliza bwino nchito yake. Yohane M’batizi anadziyelekezela na “mnzake wa mkwati.” M’nkhaniyi, Yesu ndiye anali mkwati, ndipo ophunzila ake onse anali kuimilako mkwatibwi wake wophiphilitsa. Monga kalambulabwalo wa Mesiya, Yohane M’batizi anadziŵitsa kwa Yesu Khristu mamembala oyambilila opanga “mkwatibwi.” (Yoh. 1:29, 35; 2 Akor. 11:2; Aef. 5:22-27; Chiv. 21:2, 9) “Mnzake wa mkwati” anali kutsiliza nchito yake mwa kudziŵitsa akwatiwo kwa anthu; akatelo, ndiye kuti basi, wacita mbali yake. Mofananamo, Yohane anakamba za iye mwini podziyelekezela na Yesu kuti: “Ameneyo ayenela kumawonjezeleka, koma ine ndiyenela kucepelacepela.”—Yoh. 3:30.
nwtsty mfundo younikila pa Yoh. 4:10
madzi amoyo: Mau ake a Cigiriki amatanthauza madzi eni-eni oyenda, otuluka pa kasupe, kapena madzi abwino a m’citsime otuluka pansi. Madziwa amasiyana na madzi osayenda a pa dziŵe. Pa Lev. 14:5, m’Ciheberi mau akuti “madzi amoyo” amatanthauza “madzi oyenda.” Ndipo pa Yer. 2:13 komanso pa 17:13, Yehova akuchulidwa kuti “kasupe [kapena kuti “magwelo”] wa madzi amoyo,” kutanthauza madzi ophiphilitsa opatsa moyo. Yesu pokamba na mayi Wacisamariya, anaseŵenzetsa mau akuti “madzi amoyo” mophiphilitsa, koma zioneka kuti pa mauwo mayiyo anaganizila za madzi eni-eni.—Yoh. 4:11; onani mfundo younikila pa Yoh. 4:14.
SEPTEMBER 17-23
CUMA COPEZEKA M’MAU A MULUNGU
“Tsatilani Yesu na Colinga Cabwino”
nwtsty mfundo younikila pa Yoh. 6:10
amuna pafupi-fupi 5,000 anakhaladi pansi: Ni Mateyu yekha amene anawonjezelapo mau akuti “osaŵelengela akazi ndi ana aang’ono” pokamba za cozizwitsa cimeneci. (Mat. 14:21) N’kutheka kuti ciŵelengelo conse ca amene anadyetsedwa mozizwitsa cinali kuposa pa 15,000.
nwtsty mfundo younikila pa Yoh. 6:14
mneneli uja: Ayuda ambili a m’zaka 100 zoyambilila C.E. anali kuyembekezela kuti mneneli wofanana na Mose, wochulidwa pa Deut. 18:15, 18 adzabwela monga Mesiya. Pa lembali, mau akuti amene anati adzabwela padziko, ayenela kuti akukamba za Mesiya amene anali kumuyembekezela. Ni Yohane yekha amene analemba zocitika zochulidwa mu vesiyi.
nwtsty mfundo zounikila pa Yoh. 6:27, 54
cakudya cimene cimawonongeka. . . cakudya cokhalitsa, copeleka moyo wosatha: Yesu anali kudziŵa kuti anthu ena anali kulondola iye komanso ophunzila ake, cabe cifukwa cofuna cakudya. Ngakhale kuti cakudya cimathandiza anthu tsiku na tsiku, “cakudya” cocokela m’Mau a Mulungu cidzathandiza anthu kuti akakhale na moyo kwamuyaya. Yesu analimbikitsa khamu la anthu kuti apeze “cakudya cokhalitsa, copeleka moyo wosatha,” kutanthauza kuti anafunika kucitapo kanthu kuti akhutilitse njala yawo yauzimu na kukhulupilila zimene amaphunzila.—Mat. 4:4; 5:3; Yoh. 6:28-39.
Wakudya mnofu wanga ndi kumwa magazi anga: Mfundo zozungulila vesiyi zionetsa kuti kudya na kumwa kumeneko ni kophiphilitsa. Kumatanthauza kuika cikhulupililo cawo mwa Yesu Khristu. (Yoh. 6:35, 40) Yesu anakamba mau amenewa mu 32 C.E. Conco, sanali kukamba za Mgonelo wa Ambuye, umene anali kudzaukhazikitsa pambuyo pa caka cimodzi. Iye anakamba mau amenewa kutangotsala pang’ono kuti “cikondwelelo ca Ayuda ca Pasika” cicitike (Yoh. 6:4). Conco, omvela ake ayenela kuti anakumbukila za cikondwelelo coyandikilaco, komanso kufunika kwa magazi a mwana wa nkhosa pa kupulumutsa miyoyo, usiku umene Aisiraeli anacoka m’dziko la Iguputo. (Eks. 12:24-27). Yesu anali kutsindika mfundo yakuti magazi ake nawonso adzacita mbali yofunika kwambili kuti ophunzila ake akapeze moyo wosatha.
Kufufuza Cuma ca Kuuzimu
nwtsty mfundo younikila pa Yoh. 6:44
kukokedwa: Ngakhale kuti liu la Cigiriki lakuti “kukoka” limatanthauza kudonsa ukonde (Yoh. 21:6, 11), sizitanthauza kuti Mulungu amakoka anthu mowakakamiza. Liuli lingatanthauzenso “kukopa,” ndipo mau a Yesu amenewa agwilizana na mau a pa Yer. 31:3, pamene Yehova anauza anthu ake kuti: “Ndakukoka mwa kukoma mtima kwanga kosatha.” (Baibo ya Septuagint imaseŵenzetsa liu limodzi-modzili la m’Cigiriki.) Yoh. 12:32 imaonetsa kuti ni mmene Yesu nayenso amakokela kwa iye anthu a mitundu yonse. Malemba amaonetsa kuti Yehova anapatsa anthu ufulu wosankha. Conco, aliyense ali na ufulu wosankha pa nkhani yomulambila. (Deut. 30:19, 20) Mwacikondi, Mulungu amakokela kwa iye anthu amene ali na maganizo abwino. (Sal. 11:5; Miy. 21:2; Mac. 13:48) Powakoka, Yehova amaseŵenzetsa uthenga wa m’Baibo, komanso mzimu wake woyela. Ulosi wa pa Yes. 54:13, umene unagwidwa mau pa Yoh. 6:45, utanthauza anthu amene amakokedwa na Atate.—Yelekezelani na Yoh. 6:65.
nwtsty mfundo zounikila pa Yoh. 6:64
Yesu anadziŵa . . . amene adzamupeleka: Apa Yesu anali kukamba za Yudasi Isikariyoti. Yesu asanasankhe atumwi ake 12, anapemphela kwa Atate wake usiku wonse. (Luka 6:12-16) Conco, poyamba Yudasi anali wokhulupilika kwa Mulungu. Komabe, kupitila m’maulosi a m’Malemba Aciheberi, Yesu anadziŵa kuti adzapelekedwa na mnzake wodalilika. (Sal. 41:9; 109:8; Yoh. 13:18, 19) Pamene Yudasi anayamba kusintha, Yesu amene anali kukwanitsa kuona mumtima na m’maganizo anadziŵa. (Mat. 9:4) Mwa kuseŵenzetsa nzelu zodziŵilatu za kutsogolo, Mulungu anadziŵilatu kuti Yesu adzapelekedwa na mnzake wodalilika. Ngakhale n’conco, malinga na makhalidwe a Mulungu komanso mmene anacitilapo zinthu na anthu kale, sizitanthauza kuti cinaikidwilatu kuti Yudasi ndiye amene adzapeleka Yesu, monga kuti kulakwa kwake kunali kokonzelatu.
kucokela pa ciyambi: Mau aya satanthauza kucokela pamene Yudasi anabadwa. Satanthauzanso kucokela pamene iye anasankhidwa kukhala mtumwi, zimene zinacitika pambuyo pakuti Yesu wapemphela usiku wonse. (Luka 6:12-16) M’malomwake, amatanthauza kucokela pamene Yudasi anayamba kucita zinthu mwacinyengo, ndipo Yesu anazindikila zimenezo mwamsanga. (Yoh. 2:24, 25; Chiv. 1:1; 2:23.) Izi zionetsa kuti zimene Yudasi anacita anaziganizilapo na kuzikonzelatu, osati kuti zinangosintha mwadzidzidzi ayi. Tanthauzo la liu lakuti “ciyambi” (m’Cigiriki, ar·kheʹ) m’Malemba Acigiriki Acikhristu limasintha-sintha kulingana na nkhani yake. Mwacitsanzo, pa 2 Pet. 3:4, liu lakuti “ciyambi” litanthauza pa ciyambi pa cilengedwe. Koma kambili silitanthauza pa ciyambi pa cilengedwe. Mwacitsanzo, Petulo anakamba kuti anthu amitundu ina anadzazidwa na mzimu woyela “monga mmene unacitilanso pa ife poyamba paja.” (Mac. 11:15) Apa Petulo sanali kukamba za nthawi imene iye anabadwa kapena za nthawi imene anakhala mtumwi. Koma anali kukamba za tsiku la Pentekosite mu 33 C.E., kutanthauza “ciyambi” ca kudzazidwa kwa anthu na mzimu woyela kuti acite nchito inayake. (Mac. 2:1-4) Zitsanzo zina zoonetsa mmene nkhani imakhudzila tanthauzo la liu lakuti “ciyambi” zipezeka pa Luka 1:2; Yoh. 15:27; na 1 Yoh. 2:7.
SEPTEMBER 24-30
CUMA COPEZEKA M’MAU A MULUNGU | YOHANE 7-8
Kufufuza Cuma ca Kuuzimu
nwtsty-E mfundo younikila pa Yoh. 8:58
nakhala nilipo: Ayuda otsutsa anafuna kum’tema miyala Yesu cifukwa cokamba kuti ‘anamuona Abulahamu’ ngakhale kuti, mwa mau awo, Yesu anali asanakwanitse “zaka 50 zakubadwa.” (Yoh. 8:57) Colinga ca Yesu powayankha conco, anali kufuna kuwadziŵitsa zakuti iye asanabadwe monga munthu, anali kumwamba monga colengedwa camphamvu cauzimu, Abulahamu asanabadwe. Ena amakamba kuti vesiyi ionetsa kuti Yesu ndiye Mulungu amene. Amati mau a Cigiriki akuti e·goʹ ei·miʹ amene anaseŵenzetsa pa vesiyi (omasulidwa kuti “ine nilipo” m’ma Baibo ena), n’cimodzi-modzi na mau a pa Eks. 3:14 mu Baibo ya Septuagint, pamene Mulungu anadzifotokoza yekha, ndipo amati mavesi onse aŵili afunika kumasulidwa mofanana. (Onani mfundo younikila pa Yoh. 4:26) Koma pa vesiyi, velebu yacigiriki yakuti ei·miʹ itanthauza kucokela pamene “Abulahamu asanakhaleko” kufikila panthawi imene Yesu anali kuyankha Ayudawo, na kupitilizabe. Conco, kumasulila kwabwino n’kwakuti “nakhala nilipo” m’malo mwa “ine nilipo,” ndipo ma Baibo ambili akale komanso a masiku ano amaseŵenzetsa mau ofanana ndi akuti “nakhala nilipo.” Ndipo pa Yoh. 14:9, nwt-E, velebu yacigiriki imeneyi yakuti ei·miʹ ni imenenso Yesu anaseŵenzetsa pokamba kuti: “Anthu inu, nakhala nilipo namwe nthawi yonseyi, kodi iwe Filipo sunandidziŵebe?” Ma Baibo ambili amaseŵenzetsa mau ofanana, kuonetsa kuti kulingana na nkhani yake, si kulakwa kumasulila mau akuti ei·miʹ kukhala “nakhala nilipo.” (Zitsanzo zina za kamasulidwe kaconco zipezeka pa Luka 2:48; 13:7; 15:29; Yoh. 1:9; 5:6; 15:27; Mac. 15:21; 2 Akor. 12:19; 1 Yoh. 3:8.) Kuwonjezela apo, mau a Yesu a pa Yoh. 8:54, 55 aonetsa kuti iye sanali kufuna kudziona kuti ni wofanana na Atate wake.