International Space Station Wanfala Laboratory wea Raonem Earth
Insaed next tu-thri year, taem iu lukluk long skae long kliafala naet, maet iu lukim no olketa star and moon nomoa, bat tu wanfala giaman “star” wea shaen braet olsem olketa planet. Disfala maeti samting, wea man wakem distaem, hem size bilong tufala football field, and olketa sei diswan hem ‘big winim eni engineering project start kam long taem bilong pyramid.’ Wanem nao diswan?
Taem olketa wakem finis, hem bae kamap International Space Station (ISS)—wanfala research laboratory long space wea winim 100,000 pipol nao wakem. Planti long olketa hia waka long Canada, Russia, and United States, bat planti moa long Belgium, Brazil, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and United Kingdom. Taem disfala ISS hem finis, long bilong hem bae 88 meter and 109 meter waed, witim inaf ples for waka and stap olsem tufala Boeing 747 jet plane. Hevi bilong disfala space station bae hem 520 ton, and kost bilong hem $240 billion!
Samfala pipol wea wari abaotem bigfala kost, nomata hem for research, kolem disfala ISS “wanfala iusles samting long space.” Bat, olketa pipol wea saportim diswan expectim disfala space station for kamap ples for testim olketa niu material for olketa industry, communication technology, and medical research. Bat, bifor olketa astronaut savve putim laboratory equipment insaed long disfala ISS, olketa mas joinim evri smol pis tugeta, and olketa mas duim diswan long space!
Buildim Long Space
From maeti size bilong hem, olketa no savve wakem disfala ISS long earth, from hem bae foldaon from hevi bilong hem. For winim diswan, olketa scientist buildim long earth olketa sekson wea olketa bae joinim tugeta long space for kamap disfala space station. Hem bae needim 45 rocket bilong Russia and olketa U.S. space shuttle for tekem go olketa sekson hia long space.
No eniwan wakem diskaen station bifor, for iusim space olsem wanfala construction area wea go ahed for change evritaem. Olketa bae joinim tugeta winim 100 sekson taem olketa wakman and olketa part stap long space. Disfala international crew bilong astronaut mas duim staka waka hia seleva, and bae wakabaot long space for planti handred hour.
Firstfala sekson bilong ISS—Zarya (wea minim “Sunrise”), wea hem 20 ton and wea olketa buildim long Russia—hem lusim earth long November 20, 1998, from Baykonur Cosmodrome, long Kazakhstan. Disfala sekson needim inaf fuel for keepim hem and olketa narafala sekson wea olketa bae addim long space. Tufala week bihaen Zarya lusim earth, space shuttle Endeavour karem go nextfala sekson wea America buildim, wea garem nem Unity.
Long datfala construction waka long space long December 1998, crew bilong Endeavour kasem samfala challenge. Taem Endeavour join witim Zarya 400 kilometer antap long earth, Nancy Currie, wanfala astronaut, hem iusim wanfala 15-meter robot arm for holem datfala 20-ton sekson and taetem witim Unity. Then, tufala astronaut Jerry Ross and James Newman addim olketa electric and computer wire and wata hose aotsaed long tufala sekson. Olketa iusim samting hia for sendem paoa long tufala sekson and for letem wata go raonem for mekem air cold and for drinkim. Hem needim thrifala trip long space, winim 21 hour, for finisim disfala waka.
Taem olketa rocket and shuttle tekem go niu sekson evri fewfala week, disfala ISS, wea bifor hem Zarya nomoa, bae kamap wanfala sekson bilong Russia, wanfala 520-ton space station. For keepim datfala station wea bae go ahed for grow insaed long space hem bae wanfala challenge, from hem mas winim paoa bilong gravity bilong earth. So hem insaed danger olowe for foldaon kam bak long earth. For keepim disfala station long space, olketa space shuttle bae visitim and givim paoa for hem stap long stretfala ples.
Wei wea no eni gravity stap bae barava helpem research long disfala ISS, wea paoa bilong gravity hem wan insaed wan million part bilong datfala paoa wea stap long earth. Wanfala pencil wea foldaon long earth bae foldaon tu meter insaed 0.5 second. Long datfala space station, hem bae ten minute! Hao nao bae disfala ISS kamap olsem wanfala laboratory, and hao nao hem savve affectim living bilong iumi evriday?
Laboratory wea Raonem Earth
Olketa tingse disfala ISS bae hem redy long year 2004. Bihaen, maet sevenfala astronaut long wantaem bae stap long disfala maeti station. Samfala bae stap tu-thri month. Insaed disfala station wea savve luk go aot long universe, crew bilong ISS bae duim staka difren kaen experiment wea olketa scientist from raonem world nao planim.
Olsem example, taem paoa bilong gravity hem barava wik, olketa root bilong plant no savve go daon and olketa leaf no savve go ap. So olketa scientist planim olketa experiment for savve hao nao olketa plant grow taem no eni gravity. And tu, olketa protein crystal grow moa big and garem difren shape long space. Dastawe, olketa maet savve wakem olketa crystal wea moabeta long ples olsem. Information abaotem diswan maet helpem olketa wea duim research for wakem medicine wea savve targetim samfala protein wea kosim sik. Long wanfala ples wea gravity hem wik, hem maet fitim for wakem olketa samting long there wea olketa kanduit long earth.
Long ples wea no eni gravity stap olketa bone and masol bilong man savve brekdaon. Michael Clifford wea astronaut bifor hem talem: “Part long research bilong science hem for savve long samting wea happen long body taem man stap long space for longtaem.” Olketa bae duim wanfala experiment for savve hao nao olketa savve stopem bone for brekdaon.
Wei for lanem hao living long space savve affectim man maet help for mekem man fit for mekem longfala space travel go long Mars. “Hem wanfala bigfala gogo,” Clifford hem agree. “Mifala laek savve for tekem kam bak [man for travel long space] witim gudfala health.”
And tu, olketa wea saportim ISS talemaot hao research long datfala space station bae helpem olketa for kasem savve wea moabeta abaotem faondeson bilong laef. Samting wea maet kamaot from kaen savve olsem hem olketa niufala wei for treatim cancer, diabetes, emphysema, and olketa sik bilong immune system. Olketa laboratory long ISS bae garem wanfala spesol container wea savve growim olketa cell wea luk olsem really wan. Olketa scientist want for lanem moa samting abaotem sik bilong man and hao for treatim olketa. And tu, disfala station bae garem wanfala 50-centimeter window, for studyim olketa gas long atmosphere, olketa coral-reef wea kamap nogud, olketa cyclone, and narafala samting wea happen long earth.
Waswe, Hem “Laboratory for Peace”?
Nomata olsem, long samfala wea barava saportim diswan, disfala ISS hem no wanfala laboratory long space nomoa. Olketa lukim diswan for fulfillim promis from Apollo Program, wea lusim saen long moon wea sei: “Mifala kam long peace for evri man.” Bihaen hem storyim disfala ISS olsem wanfala “laboratory for peace,” olo astronaut John Glenn hem talem: “[Hem] bae letem 16-fala nation for waka tugeta long space winim wei for tingim wei for spoelem narawan long Earth.” Hem and olketa nara pipol tingse ISS hem ples wea olketa nation savve lane for waka tugeta saed long science and technology wea kostim tumas selen sapos olketa duim seleva bat wea savve helpem evriwan.
Bat, planti daotem sapos olketa nation bae barava waka tugeta witim peace long space, from olketa no savve duim long earth. Nomata, disfala ISS hem kamaot from goal bilong man for minim gud samting and for lanem wanem nao savve happen long there. Tru nao, disfala maeti project kamaot from man interest tumas and hem barava laek faendem niu samting.
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OLKETA DATE WEA JOIN WITIM OLKETA SPACE STATION
1869: Edward Everett Hale bilong America pablisim wanfala short story, The Brick Moon, abaotem wanfala brik space satellite wea man stap insaed long space antap long earth.
1923: Hermann Oberth wea born long Romania startim disfala toktok “space station.” Hem tingim hem gud ples for startim olketa gogo for flae long Moon and long Mars.
1929: Long buk bilong hem The Problem of Space Travel, Hermann Potocnik talemaot plan for wanfala space station.
1950: Wernher von Braun wea wanfala rocket engineer storyim wanfala station wea olsem wheel wea stap 1,730 kilometer antap long earth long space.
1971: Soviet Union hem sendem Salyut 1, disfala firstfala space station long history. Thrifala cosmonaut stap long datfala station for 23 day.
1973: Skylab, firstfala U.S. space station, olketa sendem long space witim thrifala sekson bilong olketa astronaut. Disfala station hem no stap long space distaem.
1986: Russia hem sendem Mir, disfala first space station wea olketa planim for man stap long hem olowe long space.
1993: United States invaetem Russia, Japan, and olketa nara nation for join witim olketa for wakem disfala International Space Station (ISS).
1998/99: Olketa sendem olketa firstfala sekson bilong ISS long space—wanfala year bihaenem schedule.
[Olketa piksa]
Antap: Idea bilong artist abaotem station taem hem finis long year 2004
First tufala sekson, Zarya and Unity, join tugeta
Ross and Newman long mek-thri wakabaot long space
Olketa sendem wanfala space shuttle, wanfala long planti wea olketa planim
Skylab
Mir
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