From Pain Go Kasem Anesthesia
BIFOR olketa year bilong 1840, olketa sikman no go for wanfala operation witim lelebet wari. Olketa barava fraet! Why nao olsem? Bikos no eni anesthesia hem stap. Long buk bilong hem “We Have Conquered Pain,” Dennis Fradin talem olsem: “Olketa doctor wea duim operation bifor savve go long operation rum witim botol whiskey long each hand—wanfala for sikman and narawan for doctor mekem hem savve go ahed strong taem sikman hem singaot long pain.”
Mekem Sikman Drunk or “Hae”!
Olketa doctor, dentist, and sikman bae traem enikaen samting for katem daon pain bilong operation. Olketa doctor bilong China and India iusim marijuana and hashish. Opium tu olketa iusim long planti difren part long world, and alcohol tu. Greek doctor bilong bifor, Dioscorides—firstfala man wea iusim disfala word “anesthesia”—hem sei samfala mandrake bush medicine and wine garem paoa olsem anesthesia. Long samfala year bihaen samfala doctor traem tu hypnotism.
Bat, no eni gud wei for missim pain hem stap yet. Dastawe, olketa doctor wea duim operation and olketa dentist waka kwiktaem tumas; for tok stret, pipol tinghae long olketa followim speed bilong olketa. Bat nomata olketa wea fast fogud savve kosim bigfala pain. From diswan, planti pipol ting hem moabeta for safa from difren kaen sik, start long olketa tumor go kasem mouth wea fulap witim rotten teeth, winim wei for kasem operation or for aotem teeth.
Sweet Vitriol and Laflaf Gas
Long 1275, doctor Raymond Lullus bilong Spain, taem hem testim samfala chemical, mekem wanfala liquid wea isi for bone and hem kolem sweet vitriol. Long mek-16 century, wanfala doctor wea born long Switzerland, Paracelsus mekem olketa kokorako breathim sweet vitriol and hem lukim hao olketa sleep and no feelim pain. Olsem Lullus bifor long hem, hem no traem diswan long eni man. Long 1730, German chemist Frobenius givim disfala liquid nem wea hem garem distaem, ether, wea diswan hem Greek languis for “olsem heven.” Bat 112 year moa hem go pas bifor olketa luksavve long full anesthesia paoa bilong ether.
Long semtaem, long 1772, scientist Joseph Priestley bilong England faendem wanfala gas nitrous oxide. Firstaem, pipol tingse disfala gas hem poison, nomata lelebet nomoa. Bat, long 1799, chemist and man for wakem niu samting Humphry Davy bilong Britain disaed for traem long hemseleva. Hem sapraes fogud for faendem hao nitrous oxide mekem hem laflaf, so hem givim nem laflaf gas. Davy raetem hao hem maet fit for iusim nitrous oxide olsem anesthesia, bat no eniwan long datfala taem duim eniting followim datwan.
Olketa Hapitaem Bilong Ether and Laflaf-Gas
Krangge samting wea Davy duim taem hem breathim laflaf gas—wea for lelebet taem hem depend long hem—gogo staka pipol savve abaotem. No longtaem bihaen, wei for breathim for hapitaem hem kamap. Samfala man wea garem show, insaed act bilong olketa, askem olketa volunteer for kam long stage and breathim disfala nitrous oxide. Disfala gas mekem man relax gud, and kwiktaem nomoa olketa krangge samting wea olketa volunteer duim mekem audience laflaf fogud.
Klosap long semtaem, wei for iusim ether for hapitaem hem kamap big tumas tu. Bat, wantaem, wanfala young doctor bilong America, Crawford W. Long, lukim hao olketa fren bilong hem no feelim pain taem olketa garekil taem olketa drunk witim disfala ether. Kwiktaem hem tingim hao diswan bae gud for duim olketa operation. Wanfala student, James Venable, garem tufala smol tumor wea hem laek for olketa aotem. Bat from hem fraetem tumas pain bilong operation hem leavim nomoa. Dastawe, Long sei for hem garem operation bilong hem taem hem drunk long ether. Venable hem agree, and long March 30, 1842, hem garem operation wea hem no feelim pain. Bat, Long no talemaot samting wea hem faendem go kasem 1849.
Olketa Dentist Tu Faendem Anesthesia
Long December 1844, wanfala U.S. dentist, Horace Wells go long wanfala show wea wanfala man, Gardner Colton showimaot nitrous oxide. Wells volunteer for traem gas hia bat from hem no kamap krangge tumas hem lukim narawan garekil long wanfala hard chair bat hem no feelim eni pain, nomata blood kamaot. Long datfala naet Wells disaed for traem nitrous oxide long dentist waka bilong hem—bat hem mas traem long hemseleva firstaem. Hem askem Colton for givim gas long hem and for nara dentist John Riggs for aotem wanfala nogud wisdom teeth bilong hem. Disfala plan for aotem teeth hem barava waka gud.
Wells disaed for talemaot long pablik samting wea hem faendem long wei for showimaot front long olketa nara dentist. Bat, hem seksek fogud and no givim inaf gas, so taem hem trae for aotem teeth bilong sikman, man hia singaot. Semtaem audience mekfani long Wells. Bat olketa shud askem kwestin long sikman, bikos bihaen hem talem hao nomata hem singaot, hem no really feelim tumas pain.
Long September 30, 1846, narafala dentist bilong America, William Morton aotem wanfala teeth from wanfala sikman wea breathim ether and hem no feelim eni pain—hem nao sem samting wea Long iusim long 1842. Morton redyim ether wea hem iusim witim help bilong bigman chemist Charles Thomas Jackson. No olsem Long, Morton showimaot long pablik wei wea ether hem olsem anesthesia long wanfala sikman wea garem operation. Long Boston, Massachusetts, long October 16, 1846, Morton givim anesthesia long datfala sikman. Then wanfala doctor, Dr. Warren, duim operation—hem aotem wanfala samting wea grow anda long jaw bilong sikman. Datfala operation hem barava win. Kwiktaem nomoa nius bilong diswan kasem full United States and Europe.
Samfala Samting Moa wea Olketa Faendem
Bihaen olketa faendem olketa samting hia, olketa start for traem samfala difren gas moa. Chloroform, wea olketa faendem long 1831, olketa win for iusim long 1847. Long samfala ples hem kwiktaem kamap anesthesia wea pipol laekem winim narawan. Olketa givim chloroform taem olketa woman bornem pikinini, wea Queen Victoria bilong England tu insaed, long April 1853.
Sorre tumas, history bilong anesthesia hem kamap nogud lelebet. Wanfala raoa bosta long hu nao—Long, Wells, Morton, or Jackson, datfala bigman chemist wea helpem Morton—fit for kasem honor for faendem anesthesia (no olketa chemical insaed). No eniwan agree yet long diswan, bat iumi fit for luk go bak and lukim hao fofala man evriwan help for faendem.
Long semtaem, olketa go ahed for faendem anesthesia wea no affectim full body wea olketa kolem, local anesthesia. Olketa iusim anesthesia wea letem sikman wekap lelebet taem olketa mekem wanfala part long body for no garem feeling. Long distaem, olketa dentist planti taem iusim olketa local anesthesia taem olketa waka long olketa teeth and gum, and olketa doctor iusim for olketa smol operation tu. Olketa man for givim anesthesia planti taem givim local anesthesia long olketa woman wea bornem pikinini.
Gogo kasem distaem, wei for givim anesthesia hem kamap wanfala spesol part insaed long medical. Olketa man wea givim anesthesia distaem join insaed long wei for redyim sikman for operation. Olketa iusim olketa barava spesol machine and olketa spesol medicine, witim oxygen, for givim anesthesia. For tok stret, planti sikman no savve doctor givim hem anesthesia gas bikos planti taem olketa kasem diswan bihaen olketa sleep finis from olketa kasem difren anesthesia firstaem. Man wea givim anesthesia garem waka tu for kontrolem pain bihaen long operation.
So sapos enitaem iu maet needim wanfala operation, trae for no wari tumas. Trae for tingim sapos iu leidaon long wanfala raf operation tebol long tu handred year bifor. Door hem open and doctor wea bae operate long iu karem kam tufala botol whiskey. Kwiktaem nomoa diswan mekem olketa spesol machine bilong man wea bae givim anesthesia luk naes tumas olsem samting for no fraetem, hem tru?
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ACUPUNCTURE
Wei Bilong East for No Kasem Pain
Acupuncture hem wanfala olo Chinese medicine wea olketa sei hem savve katem daon pain. Olketa wea duim diskaen medicine pusim nila insaed long olketa spesol ples long body, wea samfala taem hem farawe from ples wea garem problem. Taem olketa nila insaed, olketa maet tanem olketa or joinim long low-voltage electric paoa. Encyclopædia Britannica talem hao acupuncture “hem samting wea olketa iusim evritaem long China olsem anesthesia long olketa operation. Olketa visitor wea kam from olketa kantri long west lukim samfala hardfala operation wea olketa duim long olketa Chinese sikman wea kasem local anesthesia from acupuncture nomoa.”
Olketa savveman nomoa shud duim disfala acupuncture. Fitim samting wea Encyclopedia Americana talem, “samfala bigfala problem happen taem olketa nila bilong acupuncture hem kasem heart or lung, and hepatitis, infection, and kaen samting olsem maet kamap tu sapos olketa iusim nila wea no klin evribit.” Hem tru, wei for iusim anesthesia wea mekem man sleep evribit hem savve kosim problem, olsem eni operation seleva—nomata wanem kaen anesthesia olketa iusim.
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Wei for givim anesthesia hem kamap wanfala spesol part insaed long medical
[Credit Line]
Courtesy of Departments of Anesthesia and Bloodless Medicine and Surgery, Bridgeport Hospital-CT
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Pages 2 and 19: Reproduced from Medicine and the Artist (Ars Medica) by permission of the Philadelphia Museum of Art/Carl Zigrosser/ Dover Publications, Inc.