Uragaba Ntubure Ukwizera

“Bene Data, ni mwirinde, ntihagire uwo muri mwebge agira umutima mubi utizera, umutera kureka Imana nzima.”—ABAHEBURAYO 3:12.

1. Ni ukuri kubabaje ukuhe amajambo Paulo yabwiye Abakirisu b’Abaheburayo atwereka?

MBEGA ukuntu ari iciyumviro giteye ubwoba—kwumva abantu bari bahoze bafitaniye ubucuti na Yehova bagira “umutima mubi,” kandi ‘bakareka Imana nzima’! Kandi ese ukuntu iyo ari imburizi! Ayo majambo y’intumwa Paulo ntiyabwiwe abatizera, ahubwo yabwiwe abantu bari bareguriye ubuzima bwabo Yehova bishimikije ukwizera inkuka y’incungu Yezu Kirisitu yatanze.

2. Ni ibibazo ibihe dukeneye kurimbura?

² None umuntu yari yarahezagiwe gutyo mu vy’impwemu vyari gushoboka bite ko agira “umutima mubi utizera”? Koko, vyari gushoboka gute ko hagira umuntu yahonjeje urukundo rw’Imana n’ubuntu bwayo tudakwiriye ayiheba n’ibigirankana? Kandi none muri twebwe hoba hari abo ivyo bishobora gushikira? Ibi ni ivyiyumviro bisaba kuzirikana, kandi birakenewe ko twihweza icatumye iyo mburizi itangwa.—1 Ab’i Korinto 10:11.

Ni Kuki Hatanzwe Impanuro Mwene Iyo Ikomeye?

3. Dondora ibintu vyariko birashikira Abakirisu bo mu kinjana ca mbere i Yeruzalemu no mu micungararo yaho.

³ Biboneka yuko Paulo yandikiye iryo kete ryiwe Abakirisu b’Abaheburayo b’i Yudaya, mu 61 G.C. Hari umutohozakahise yavuze yuko ico cari igihe “hatagira amahoro canke umutekano ku bantu abo ari bo bose biraje ishinga, b’inzirabugunge, haba mu gisagara c’i Yeruzalemu canke ahandi hantu aho ari ho hose muri iyo ntara iyo iva ikagera.” Cari igihe c’ubugarariji n’ubukazi, bitewe n’ukuba hariho abasoda b’Abaroma b’abanyagahahazo, hakaba n’abigira agakomeye bo mu Barwanashaka b’Abayuda barwanya Abaroma, hamwe n’ibikorwa vy’ubukozi bw’ikibi bw’ibisuma vyaca vyikika mu kiza. Ivyo vyose vyatumye Abakirisu bagira ingorane cane, bo bagerageza bivuye inyuma kutaja mu bintu mwene ivyo. (1 Timoteyo 2:1, 2) Kukaba nkako, kubera ko batagira aho bahengamiye, hari abababona nk’ababangamye mu kibano, eka mbere nk’abagarariji. Abakirisu barakunda gufatwa nabi, kandi baranahaburira ivyabo.—Abaheburayo 10:32-34.

4. Abakirisu b’Abaheburayo bahuye n’umukazo nyabaki wo mu vy’idini?

⁴ Abakirisu b’Abaheburayo kandi barashirwako umukazo wo mu vy’idini. Umwete w’abigishwa ba Yezu b’abizerwa hamwe n’iyaguka ryihuta ry’ishengero ry’Abakirisu vyavuyemwo, vyaratumye Abayuda bagira ishari n’uburakari—na canecane indongozi zabo z’idini. Ntako batagize ngo bacumukuze bongere bahame abayoboke ba Yezu Kirisitu.a (Ivyakozwe 6:8-14; 21:27-30; 23:12, 13; 24:1-9) Naho nyene hari Abakirisu bakize uruhamo rweruye, nticabujije ko bakengerwa, bagacokorwa n’Abayuda. Ubukirisu bwarasuzugurwa bukabonwa nk’idini y’icaduka itari ifise ubwiza nk’ubw’idini y’Abayuda, ntigire urusengero, abaherezi, imisi mikuru, ntitange ibimazi nk’ayandi madini, n’ibindi. N’indongozi yabo, Yezu, yishwe nk’inkozi y’ikibi yaciriwe rubi. Kugira ngo Abakirisu bakurikire idini yabo, bǎtegerezwa kuba bafise ukwizera, ubutinyutsi n’ukwihangana.

5. Ni kuki vyari bihambaye cane ko Abakirisu b’i Yudaya baguma bari maso mu vy’impwemu?

⁵ Turetse ivyo, Abakirisu b’Abaheburayo b’i Yudaya bari babayeho mu gihe c’akamarampaka mu nkuru y’ivyabaye y’iryo hanga. Ibintu vyinshi Umukama wabo Yezu Kirisitu yari yaravuze ko vyoranze iherezo ry’urunkwekwe rw’ivy’Abayuda vyari bimaze gushika. Iherezo ntiryashobora kuba riri kure. Kugira ngo Abakirisu barokoke, bategerezwa kuguma barikanuye mu vy’impwemu, kandi bakaba biteguye ‘guhungira mu misozi.’ (Matayo 24:6, 15, 16) Mbega bari kugira ukwizera hamwe n’akaguvu ko mu vy’impwemu bari bakeneye kugira bagire ico bakoze badatevye, nk’uko Yezu yari yarabibategetse? Bisa n’uko habaye amazinda.

6. Ni igiki Abakirisu b’i Yudaya bari bakeneye mu buryo bwihutirwa?

⁶ Mu myaka cumi y’imbere y’uko urunkwekwe rwose rw’ivy’Abayuda ruzimanganywa, Abakirisu b’Abaheburayo vyaraboneka ko bari mu mukazo ukomeye uva imbere mw’ishengero no hanze yaryo. Bari bakeneye kuremeshwa. Mugabo bari bakeneye kandi impanuro n’ubuyobozi bibafasha kubona yuko ingendo bari barahisemwo yari yo nziza, kandi ko ugucumukura n’ukwihangana bari baragize bitari ivy’ubusa. Bagahirwa, Paulo yarahagurutse arabagarukira.

7. Ni kuki dukwiye kwitwararika ivyo Paulo yandikiye Abakirisu b’Abaheburayo?

⁷ Ivyo Paulo yandikiye Abakirisu b’Abaheburayo turakwiye kuvyitwararika bimwe bikomeye. Uti kuki? Kubera ko turi mu gihe gisa n’ico barimwo. Nta musi wijana tutiyumviseko imikazo y’isi iri mu minwe ya Shetani. (1 Yohana 5:19) Turiko turibonera iranguka ry’ubuhanuzi Yezu n’intumwa batanze bwerekeye imisi y’iherezo be n’ ‘insozero y’urunkwekwe rw’ibintu.’ (Matayo 24:3-14, NW; 2 Timoteyo 3:1-5; 2 Petero 3:3, 4; Ivyahishuriwe 6:1-8) Ikiruta vyose, turakeneye kuguma turikanuye mu vy’impwemu kugira ngo tuze “[d]ushobore guhunga ivyo vyose bigira bibeho.”—Luka 21:36.

Uwuruta Musa

8. Mu kuvuga ivyanditse mu Baheburayo 3:1, Paulo yariko ahimiriza Abakirisu bagenziwe gukora iki?

⁸ Paulo yaravuze ikintu gihambaye, mu kwandika ati: “Ni mwitegereze Yesu, intumwa n’umuherezi mukuru w’ivyo twizeye tukavyatura.” (Abaheburayo 3:1) ‘Kwitegereza’ bisobanura “kuraba neza . . . , gutahura neza, kurimbura [umuntu] yitonze.” (Vine’s Expository Dictionary of Old and New Testament Words) Gutyo, Paulo yariko arahimiriza abizeye bagenziwe ngo bagire akigoro gakomeye kugira bashike ku gutahura vy’ukuri uruhara Yezu yarangura mu kwizera no mu gukizwa kwabo. Kugenza gutyo vyokomeje umwiyemezo wabo wo kuguma bashikamye mu kwizera. None uruhara rwa Yezu rwari uruhe, kandi ni kuki dukwiye ‘kumwitegereza’?

9. Ni kuki Paulo yavuze ko Yezu ari “intumwa” n’ “umuherezi mukuru”?

⁹ Paulo yakoresheje imvugo “intumwa” n’ “umuherezi mukuru” yerekeza kuri Yezu. “Intumwa” ni umuntu atumwa, ngaha rikaba rijanye n’uburyo Imana ikoresha kugira ngo ivugane n’abantu. “Umuherezi mukuru” ni umuntu abantu bashobora gucako kugira ngo biyegereze Imana. Izo ntunganyo zibiri ni iza nkenerwa ku gusenga kw’ukuri, kandi Yezu akaba arimwo ivyo vyompi. Ni we yatumwe avuye mw’ijuru kugira ngo yigishe abantu ukuri kwerekeye Imana. (Yohana 1:18; 3:16; 14:6) Yezu kandi ni we yagenywe ngo abe Umuherezi Mukuru wo mu buryo bw’ikigereranyo mu ndinganizo y’ivy’urusengero rw’ivy’impwemu rwa Yehova kugira ivyaha biharirwe. (Abaheburayo 4:14, 15; 1 Yohana 2:1, 2) Niba vy’ukuri dushima imihezagiro dushobora kuronka biciye kuri Yezu, tuzogira ubutinyutsi n’umwiyemezo vyo kuguma dushikamye mu kwizera.

10. (a) Paulo yafashije gute Abakirisu b’Abaheburayo gutahura ukuntu Ubukirisu buruta idini y’Abayuda? (b) Ni ukuri ntabanduka ukuhe Paulo yavuze kugira ngo akomeze ikintu yashaka kuvuga?

¹⁰ Kugira ngo Paulo ashimike ku gaciro k’ukwizera kw’Abakirisu, yagereranije Yezu na Musa, uwo Abayuda babona nka we muhanuzi mukuru kuruta abandi bose mu basekuruza babo. Iyo Abakirisu b’Abaheburayo bari gushobora gutegera n’umutima wabo wose ivy’uko Yezu aruta Musa, ntibari kugira impamvu n’imwe yo gukekeranya ku vy’uko Ubukirisu buruta idini y’Abayuda. Paulo yarerekanye yuko naho Musa yabonwa ko abereye gushingwa “[u]rugo” rw’Imana—ihanga canke ishengero rya Isirayeli—yari gusa umusavyi canke umusuku w’umwizerwa. (Guharūra 12:7) Ku rundi ruhande, Yezu yari we Mwana, canke umugabe w’iyo nzu. (1 Ab’i Korinto 11:3; Abaheburayo 3:2, 3, 5) Kugira ngo akomeze ico ciyumviro, Paulo yaravuze uku kuri ntabanduka: “Urugo rwose rugira ūrwubaka, arikw Imana ni yo yubatse ibintu vyose.” (Abaheburayo 3:4) Nta muntu n’umwe yoharira ngo Imana si yo iruta umuntu uwo ari we wese, kuko ari yo Mwubatsi, canke Muremyi w’ibintu vyose. Ni ivyumvikana rero, kubera ko Yezu yari umukozi akorana n’Imana, ategerezwa kuba aruta ikindi kiremwa ico ari co cose, dushizemwo na Musa.—Imigani 8:30; Ab’i Kolosayi 1:15-17.

11, 12. Ni igiki Paulo yahimirije Abakirisu b’Abaheburayo kugumya ‘bashikamye kugeza kw’iherezo,’ kandi dushobora dute gukurikiza iyo mpanuro yatanze?

¹¹ Mu vy’ukuri, Abakirisu b’Abaheburayo bari baratewe agateka gakomeye. Paulo yarabibukije yuko bari “abasangiye ihamagarwa riva mw ijuru,” kakaba ari agateka gakwiye kubungabungwa kuruta ikindi kintu ico ari co cose urunkwekwe rw’ivy’Abayuda rwari rushoboye gutanga. (Abaheburayo 3:1) Amajambo Paulo yavuze ategerezwa kuba yaratumye abo Bakirisu basizwe bumva bakengurutse ukuba bari mu bazoronka intoranwa nshasha aho kwumva bababajwe n’uko bahevye ibintu bijanye n’intoranwa yabo ya kiyahudi. (Ab’i Filipi 3:8) Mu kubahimiriza ngo bagumye agateka batewe kandi ngo ntibagafate minenerwe, Paulo yavuze ati: “Kristo ayoboka nk’Umwana, atwara urugo rw[’Imana]. Kand’urugo rwayo ni twebge, namba tubangirije ubushizi bg’amanga n’ukwirata ivyizigiro vyacu rwose, gushitsa kw iherezo.”—Abaheburayo 3:6.

¹² Egome, kugira ngo Abakirisu b’Abaheburayo bashobore kurokoka iherezo ry’urunkwekwe rw’ivy’Abayuda ryari ryegereje, bari bakeneye kuguma ku cizigiro cabo bahawe n’Imana ‘bagashikama gushitsa kw iherezo.’ Ni na kwo dutegerezwa kubigenza muri iki gihe niba dushaka kurokoka iherezo ry’ivy’iyi si. (Matayo 24:13) Dutegerezwa kutareka ngo amaganya y’ubuzima, ukutanegwa ibintu kw’abantu canke impengamiro zacu bwite z’agasembwa bitume duhungabana mu kwizera dufitiye ivyo Imana yasezeranye. (Luka 21:16-19) Kugira ngo tubone ukuntu dushobora kwikomeza, reka dushire umutima ku majambo Paulo yongeyeko.

“Ntimukomantaze Imitima Yanyu”

13. Ni iyihe mburizi Paulo yatanze, kandi yakoresheje gute Zaburi 95?

¹³ Paulo amaze kuvuga ivy’ikibanza c’ubutoni Abakirisu b’Abaheburayo bari barimwo, yatanze iyi mburizi: “Nk’uko [impwemu yera i]vuga, [i]t’Uyu musi aho mwumvira ijwi ryayo, ntimukomantaze imitima yanyu, nk’uko mwayikomantaje mu gihe co kuratsa, kuri wa musi wo kugerageza mu bugaragwa.” (Abaheburayo 3:7, 8) Paulo yariko asubiramwo ivyanditse muri Zaburi ya 95, ni ho yashoboye rero kuvuga, ati ‘impwemu yera ivuga iti.’b (Zaburi 95:7, 8; Kuvayo 17:1-7) Ivyanditswe vyahumetswe n’Imana hakoreshejwe impwemu yera yayo.—2 Timoteyo 3:16.

14. Abisirayeli bakiriye gute ivyo Yehova yari yarabakoreye, kandi kwari ukubera iki?

¹⁴ Aho Abisirayeli bamariye guhabuzwa bakava mu buja mu Misiri, baratewe iteka rikomeye ryo kwunga ubucuti bagiranye na Yehova biciye mw’isezerano. (Kuvayo 19:4, 5; 24:7, 8) Ariko rero, aho kugaragaza ko bakenguruka ivyo Imana yari yarabagiriye, mu nyuma gato bahavuye bakora ivy’ubugarariji. (Guharūra 13:25–14:10) Ivyo vyoshitse bigenze gute? Paulo yarerekanye imvo: ugukomantaza imitima yabo. Ariko none imitima yumva kandi yakira Ijambo ry’Imana ishobora gute gucika iyikomantaye? Kandi dutegerezwa kugira iki kugira ngo ivyo tuvyirinde?

15. (a) ‘Ijwi ry’Imana’ kera ryumvikana gute? Ubu ho? (b) Ni ibibazo ibihe dukeneye kwibaza ku biraba ‘ijwi ry’Imana’?

¹⁵ Paulo yatanguye imburizi yiwe ihuye n’ico gihe barimwo, mu kuvuga ati ‘Nimwumviriza ijwi ryayo.’ Imana yavuganye n’abantu bayo ibicishije kuri Musa no ku bandi bahanuzi. Mu nyuma, Yehova yavuganye na bo akoresheje Umwana wiwe Yezu Kirisitu. (Abaheburayo 1:1, 2) Muri iki gihe, turafise Ijambo ry’Imana ryahumetswe rikwiye, ari ryo Bibiliya Nyeranda. Turafise na “wa mushumba w’umwizerwa kandi w’incabwenge,” yagenywe na Yezu kugira ngo agabure ‘ibifungurwa [vy’impwemu] igihe kigeze.’ (Matayo 24:45-47, NW) Gutyo, Imana iracavuga. Ariko twoba twumviriza? Nk’akarorero, twakira dute impanuro duhabwa ku vyerekeye inyambaro n’uburyo twitunganya, canke ku vyerekeye uburyo bwo kwisamaza n’imiziki duhitamwo? Twoba ‘twumviriza,’ ni ukuvuga, dushira umutima ku vyo tuba turiko turumva kandi tukabigamburuka? Niba dufise akamenyero ko kwiregura canke kubona ko impanuro itaturaba, twoba turiko turiha ya ngeramizi iza ku rwenge y’ugukomantaza imitima yacu.

16. Uburyo bumwe imitima yacu ishobora gucika iyikomantaye ni ubuhe?

¹⁶ Imitima yacu irashobora kandi gucika iyikomantaye mu gihe twiyobagije gukora ivyo dushobora kandi twari dukwiye gukora. (Yakobo 4:17) Nanzi ibintu vyose Yehova yakoreye Abisirayeli, barananiwe kugaragaza ukwizera, baragarariza Musa, bahitamwo kwemera amakuru mabi yerekeye Kanani, hanyuma baranka kwinjira mu Gihugu c’Isezerano. (Guharūra 14:1-4) Yehova rero yaciye avumera yuko bomaze imyaka 40 mu bugaragwa—igihe kirekire bihagije ku buryo ababuze ukwizera bo muri iryo yaruka bohazimanganiye. Kubera ko bari basesemye Imana, yavuze iti: “Bama bazimira mu mitima yabo, kandi ntibamenya inzira zanje; nk’uko narahiranye uburake bganje, nti Ntibazoshika mu buruhukiro bganje.” (Abaheburayo 3:9-11) Twoba tubona icigwa twokura muri ivyo?

Icigwa Tuhakura

17. Ni kubera iki Abisirayeli babuze ukwizera naho nyene biboneye ibikorwa vy’ububasha Yehova yakoze bakaniyumvira amajambo yavuze?

¹⁷ Abisirayeli bavuye mu Misiri bariboneye n’amaso yabo bwite ibikorwa vy’ububasha Yehova yakoze, vyongeye bariyumvira n’amatwi yabo bwite amajambo akomeye yavuze. Mugabo ntibizeye ko Imana yoshoboye kubinjiza mu Gihugu c’Isezerano ata nkomanzi. Kuki? Yehova yavuze, ati “Ntibameny[e] inzira zanje.” Bari bazi ivyo Yehova yavuze n’ivyo yakoze, ariko ntibatsimbataje ukwizera n’ukwizigira ubushobozi afise bwo kubabungabunga. Bari batwawe n’ivyo bari bakeneye be n’ivyipfuzo vyabo bwite, ku buryo bitayeho buhoro inzira z’Imana hamwe n’umugambi wayo. Egome, barabuze ukwizera isezerano ryiwe.

18. Nk’uko Paulo yabivuze, ni ingendo iyihe yovamwo “umutima mubi utizera”?

¹⁸ Aya majambo yongeye kubwirwa Abaheburayo na twebwe atwerekeye mu buryo bukomeye nk’uko vyari kuri bo: “Ni mwirinde, ntihagire uwo muri mwebge agira umutima mubi utizera, umutera kureka Imana nzima.” (Abaheburayo 3:12) Paulo yaradomye urutoke ku muzi w’ingorane, avuga yuko “umutima mubi utizera” uturuka ku “kureka Imana nzima.” Imbere yaho muri iryo kete, yari yavuze ivy’ ‘ugutwarwa akayombekere’ kubera ukutaba maso. (Abaheburayo 2:1) Ariko rero, ijambo ry’Ikigiriki ryahinduwemwo ngo “kureka” risobanura “kuja kure ya” kandi rikaba rijanye n’ijambo “ubuhakanyi.” Rishaka kuvuga ukunana n’ibigirankana, uguheba n’ukwiyonjorora, hakabamwo n’akantu k’ugusuzugura.

19. Ukunanirwa kwumva impanuro bishobora gute kuzana inkurikizi zikomeye? Tanga akarorero.

¹⁹ Icigwa rero twohakura ni uko mu gihe tuguye mu kamenyero k’ukunanirwa ‘kwumviriza ijwi ryiwe,’ tukiyobagiza impanuro duhabwa na Yehova abicishije mw’Ijambo ryiwe no ku mugwi wa wa mushumba w’umwizerwa, imitima yacu ntizoteba gucika nk’ibiti, igakomantara. Nk’akarorero, abantu batarabirana bashobora kugaragarizanya igishika mu buryo burenze urugero. Vyogenda gute none nko mu gihe ico kintu bopfa kuciyobagiza? Ivyo none vyobakingira ngo ntibongere gukora ico bakoze, canke vyotuma boroherwa no kwongera kugikora? Ni na ko bimera igihe umugwi wa wa mushumba utanze impanuro ku vy’uko dukeneye kuza turacagura imiziki twumviriza n’ukuntu twisamaza, n’ibindi. Twoba tuyakirana ugukenguruka kandi tukagira ivyo duhinduye aho bikenewe? Paulo yaduhimirije ‘kudaheba gukoranira hamwe.’ (Abaheburayo 10:24, 25) Naho duhabwa iyo mpanuro, hari abafata uko babonye amakoraniro ya gikirisu. Bashobora kwiyumvira yuko guhomba amakoraniro amwe muri yo canke mbere guheba buhere amwe muri yo ata nkurikizi vyobazanira.

20. Ni kuki bihambaye cane ko twakira neza impanuro yo mu Vyanditswe?

²⁰ Mu gihe tutitavye neza “ijwi” rya Yehova riserurwa mu buryo bwumvikana mu Vyanditswe no mu bisohokayandikiro bishingiye kuri Bibiliya, ntituzoteba gusanga ‘turiko turareka Imana nzima.’ Ugupfa kwiyobagiza impanuro birashobora kuvamwo ukuyisuzugura bidatevye, ukuyinegura n’ukuyirwanya bimwe bikomeye. Mu gihe ivyo bidakosowe, bivamwo “umutima mubi utizera,” kandi kuva mu ngendo mwene iyo birakunda kugora cane. (Gereranya n’Abanyefeso 4:19.) Yeremiya yaranditse atihenda, ati: “Umutima uribesha kuruta ibindi vyose, urwaye indwara itavūrwa: ni nde yowumenya?” (Yeremiya 17:9) Ku bw’iyo mvo, Paulo yahimirije abizeye bagenziwe b’Abaheburayo ati: “Muhanūrane uko bukeye bicitwa uyu musi, ntihagire uwo muri mwebge akomantazwa umutima n’uruhendo rw’icaha.”—Abaheburayo 3:13.

21. Twese duhimirizwa gukora iki, kandi ni ivyizero ibihe dufise?

²¹ Ese ukuntu duhimbawe no kubona Yehova akituvugisha muri iki gihe, abicishije mw’Ijambo ryiwe no kw’ishirahamwe ryiwe! Turakenguruka kubona “wa mushumba w’umwizerwa kandi w’incabwenge” abandanya kudufasha kugira “[tugumye] rwose ivyizigiro vyacu twatanguranye gushitsa kw iherezo.” (Abaheburayo 3:14) Ubu ni igihe c’uko twitaba urukundo rw’Imana n’ubuyobozi bwayo. Tubigize dutyo, turashobora kuzoronka ikindi kintu mu vyo Yehova yasezeranye vyiza igitangaza—‘kwinjira mu’ karuhuko kayo. (Abaheburayo 4:3, 10) Ico ni co kintu Paulo aganira mu nyuma n’Abakirisu b’Abaheburayo, kandi ni co tugiye kurimbura mu kiganiro gikurikira.

[Utujambo tw’epfo]

Woshobora Kubisigura?

◻ Ni kuki Paulo yandikiye Abakirisu b’Abaheburayo impanuro ikomeye cane?

◻ Paulo yafashije gute Abakirisu b’Abaheburayo gutahura yuko bari bafise ikintu ciza kuruta kuba mw’idini y’Abayuda?

◻ Umutima w’umuntu ushobora gute gucika uwukomantaye?

◻ Dutegerezwa gukora iki kugira twirinde gutsimbabaza “umutima mubi utizera”?

[Ifoto ku rup. 8]

Woba ugaragaza ko wizeye Yezu, ari we Musa Mukuru?