‘Ivyo Bintu Ntibizobura Gushika’
‘Yesu arabishura ati: . . . Ivyo bintu ntibizobura gushika, arik’umuhero uzoba utaraza.’—MATAYO 24:4-6.
1. Ni inkuru iyihe dukwiye kwitwararika?
NGIRANGO uritwararitse ubuzima bwawe be na kazoza kawe. Ukwiye rero no kwitwararika ikibazo cakwegereye ivyiyumviro vya C. T. Russell mu 1877. Uwo Russell, ari we mu nyuma yashinze Ishirahamwe Watch Tower, yaranditse agatabu The Object and Manner of Our Lord’s Return (Igituma be n’Ukuntu Umukama Wacu Azogaruka). Ako gatabu k’impapuro 64 kavuga ivy’ukugaruka kwa Yezu, ari kwo kuza kwobaye muri kazoza. (Yohana 14:3) Igihe kimwe intumwa zari ku Musozi wa Elayono, hanyuma zirabaza ivyerekeye ukwo kugaruka. Zabajije ziti: ‘Ivyo bizobaho ryari, kand’ikimenyetso kizoba iki c’ukuhaba [“canke c’ukuza,” Bibiliya Yera] kwawe n’ic’insozero ry’urunkwekwe rw’ibintu?’—Matayo 24:3, NW.
2. Ni kuki hari ivyiyumviro vyinshi bidahuye ku vyerekeye ivyo Yezu yabuye?
2 Woba uzi kandi ugatahura inyishu Yezu yatanze? Tuyisanga muri zitatu mu Njili zihari. Porofeseri D. A. Carson avuga ati: “Ibigabane bikeyi vyo muri Bibiliya ni vyo vyateye ukudahuza mu basobanuzi kurusha ica Matayo 24 hamwe n’ivyo bijanye dusanga muri Mariko 13 na Luka 21.” Yaciye rero aserura iciyumviro ciwe bwite—kikaba gusa cari ikindi co muri ivyo vyiyumviro vy’abantu bidahuza. Nko mu kinjana giheze, ivyiyumviro vyinshi mwene ivyo vyaragaragaje ukubura ukwizera. Abashikiriza ivyo vyiyumviro babona ko Yezu atigeze avuga ivyo dusoma mu Njili, ngo ivyo yavuze vyarahinduwe mu nyuma, canke ngo ivyo yari yarabuye ntivyashitse—ivyo vyiyumviro bikaba vyazanywe n’abashakashatsi b’inkuru z’ivya Bibiliya. Umushikirizamakuru umwe we mbere yabona ko Injili ya Mariko ‘yakurikije ivyiyumviro vya filozofiya y’Abamahayana be n’Ababuda’!
3. Ivyabona vya Yehova bagerageza gute gusuzuma ubuhanuzi bwa Yezu?
3 Ivyabona vya Yehova bo baremera ko Bibiliya ari iy’ukuri kandi ko ari iyo kwizigirwa, dushizemwo n’ivyo Yezu yabwiye za ntumwa zine zari kumwe na we ku Musozi wa Elayono hasigaye imisi itatu ngo apfe. Kuva mu gihe ca C. T. Russell, abasavyi b’Imana bagumye uko bukeye uko bwije barushiriza gutahura mu buryo butomoye bwa buhanuzi Yezu yatangiye aho hantu. Mu myaka mikeyi iheze, Umunara w’Inderetsi waratomoye mbere kuruta ukuntu babona ubwo buhanuzi. Woba warakirije yompi ivyo bintu vyamenyeshejwe, ukabona ko bigira ico bikoze ku buzima bwawe?a Reka tubisubiremwo.
Iranguka ry’Agacamutima Riregereje
4. Ni kuki za ntumwa zoba zarabajije Yezu ivyerekeye kazoza?
4 Intumwa zari zizi yuko Yezu ari we Mesiya. Ni co gituma igihe zamwumva avuga ivy’urupfu rwiwe, izuka n’ukugaruka kwiwe, zitegerezwa kuba zaribajije ziti: ‘Niba Yezu apfuye hanyuma akigira, ashobora gute kurangura vya bintu bitangaje vyitezwe kuri Mesiya?’ Ikindi, Yezu yaravuze ivy’iherezo rya Yeruzalemu n’iry’urusengero rwaho. Izo ntumwa zishobora kuba zaribajije ziti: ‘Ivyo bizobaho ryari kandi gute?’ Mu kugerageza gutegera ivyo bintu, izo ntumwa zabajije ziti: “Ivyo bizobaho ryari, ikimenyetso kizoba iki, c’igihe ivyo vyose bizoba bigira bishike?”—Mariko 13:4; Matayo 16:21, 27, 28; 23:37–24:2.
5. Ivyo Yezu yavuze vyarangutse gute mu kinjana ca mbere?
5 Yezu yarabuye yuko hobaye intambara, amapfa, indwara z’ibiza, vya nyamugigima, ukwankwa n’uguhamwa kw’Abakirisu, hakaza abigira ba mesiya, hakaba n’ugukwiragiza inkuru nziza y’Ubwami. Niho rero umuhero wociye uza. (Matayo 24:4-14; Mariko 13:5-13; Luka 21:8-19) Yezu yavuze ivyo mu ntango z’umwaka wa 33 G.C. Mu myaka mirongo yakurikiye, abigishwa biwe bari maso boshoboye kubona yuko ibintu vyari vyaravuzwe imbere y’igihe vyariko vy’ukuri birashika mu buryo buhambaye. Egome, inkuru y’ivyabaye iremeza ko ca kimenyetso carangutse muri ico gihe, bigashikana kw’iherezo ry’ivy’igihe c’Abayuda ryatewe n’Abaroma mu 66-70 G.C. None ivyo vyashitse gute?
6. Ni ibiki vyabaye hagati y’Abaroma n’Abayuda mu 66 G.C.?
6 Mu ci ryo mu 66 G.C. ririmwo ubushuhe bwinshi i Yudaya, Abayuda bari mu kadumbi k’Abaziloti barateye ipozisiyo y’abasoda b’abarinzi b’Abaroma bari bacunze iruhande y’urusengero i Yeruzalemu, biba vyandurukije ubukazi mu tundi turere tw’igihugu. Mu gitabu History of the Jews (Kahise k’Abayuda), Porofeseri Heinrich Graetz yigana ati: “Cestius Gallus, kubera yari Buramatari w’i Siriya yari afise ibanga ryo kurwanira iteka ry’abasoda b’Abaroma, . . . akaba atari gushobora kuguma arabisha amaso ubugarariji bukwiragira hirya no hino hanyuma ntagire akigoro ko kuburwanya ngo ntibubandanye. Yakoranije inteko ziwe zose, abaganwa bari mu micungararo na bo nyene bararungika inteko zabo n’umutima ukunze.” Abo basoda bagera ku 30 000 barakikuje Yeruzalemu. Bamaze igihe batana mu mitwe, Abayuda bariyonjoroye baja inyuma y’impome iruhande y’urusengero. “Mu kiringo c’imisi itanu ikurikirana Abaroma barateye izo mpome, ariko igihe cose bagategerezwa gusubira inyuma kubera imyampi y’Abayuda. Ku musi ugira gatandatu gusa ni ho bashoboye kubomora igihimba c’amaja mu buraruko c’urwo ruhome, aharabana n’Urusengero.”
7. Ni kuki abigishwa ba Yezu babona ibintu mu buryo butandukanye na benshi mu Bayuda?
7 Gira wiyumvire ukuntu Abayuda bomaramaye, kubera ko kuva kera bamye biyumvira ko Imana yobakingiye kandi igakingira n’igisagara cabo ceranda! Yamara, abigishwa ba Yezu bari baraburiwe imbere y’igihe yuko agatikizo kari karindiriye Yeruzalemu. Yezu yari yaravuze ati: “Imisi izokuzako, ah’abansi bawe bazokurundira ikirundo c’ivu kigukikije, na bo ubgabo bakagukikiza, bakakwugariza impande zose, bakagukekana n’abana bawe bo muri wewe; kandi ntibazogusigariza ibuye na rimwe rigeretse ku rindi, kuk’utāmenye igihe wagendewemwo.” (Luka 19:43, 44) Ariko none ivyo vyokwegeye urupfu Abakirisu bari muri Yeruzalemu mu 66 G.C.?
8. Ni amakuba ayahe Yezu yabuye, kandi ni bande bari “abatoranijwe” batumye iyo misi igerurwa?
8 Igihe yariko arishura za ntumwa ku Musozi wa Elayono, Yezu yabuye ati: “Iyo misi izoba iy’amarushwa atigeze kubaho, kuva kw itanguriro ry’ibiremwa Imana yaremye ugashitsa n’ubu, kand’atazokwongera kubaho. Iyaba Umwami Imana itogeruye iyo misi, ntihorokotse umuntu n’umwe, ariko kubg’abatoranijwe yatoranije, yarayigeruye.” (Mariko 13:19, 20; Matayo 24:21, 22) Urumva rero ko iyo misi yogeruwe hanyuma “abatoranijwe” bakarokoka. Abo bari bande? Ntibashobora kuba bari ba Bayuda b’abagarariji birarira ngo basenga Yehova kandi barateye akagere Umwana wiwe. (Yohana 19:1-7; Ivyakozwe 2:22, 23, 36) Abatoranijwe nyakuri ico gihe bari ba Bayuda hamwe n’abatari Abayuda baragaragaza ukwizera Yezu ko ari Mesiya akaba n’Umukiza. Imana yari yaratoranije mwene abo, kandi kuri Pentekote yo mu 33 G.C., yari yarabagize ihanga rishasha ryo mu buryo bw’impwemu, ari ryo ‘Isirayeli y’Imana.’—Ab’i Galatiya 6:16; Luka 18:7; Ivyakozwe 10:34-45; 1 Petero 2:9.
9, 10. Imisi y’igitero c’Abaroma ‘yageruwe’ gute, kandi ivyo vyavuyemwo iki?
9 None iyo misi yoba ‘yarageruwe’ maze abatoranijwe bari i Yeruzalemu bakarokoka? Porofeseri Graetz avuga ati: “[Cestius Gallus] ntiyiyumviriye ko ari vyiza kubandanya urugamba n’abo banyeshaka b’ivyihebe ngo aheze atanguze urugamba rurerure muri ico kiringo, aho imvura yo mu gatasi yari igiye gutangura . . . ikaba yobujije izo ntwaramiheto kuronka ivyo zikeneye. Kubera ico, kumbure yiyumviriye ko kwiyonjorora vyoba biranga ukwiyubara kuruta.” Ivyo Cestius Gallus yiyumvira vyaba ibihe, abasoda b’Abaroma barakuye akarenge bava muri ico gisagara, batakaza vyinshi cane bitewe n’uko Abayuda babomye inyuma.
10 Ukwo kwiyonjorora gutangaje kw’Abaroma kwatumye haboneka “umuntu” arokoka—ni ukuvuga abigishwa ba Yezu bari mu kaga i Yeruzalemu. Inkuru y’ivyabaye ivuga yuko igihe ako kabero kabonekeye Abakirisu baciye bahunga ako karere. Ese ukuntu bigaragaza ingene Imana ifise ubushobozi bwo kumenya imbere y’igihe kazoza kandi ikaraba neza yuko abasavyi bayo barokotse! Yamara, ni ibiki vyashikiye Abayuda batizera bigumiye i Yeruzalemu n’i Yudaya?
Ab’Ico Gihe Boshikiwe n’Amarushwa Ahambaye
11. Yezu yavuze iki ku vyerekeye ‘iri yaruka’?
11 Abayuda benshi biyumvira ko ugusenga kwabo kwari gushingiye ku rusengero kwobandanije ibihe bidahera. Ariko Yezu yavuze ati: “Ni mwigire ku musukoni . . . ishami ryawo iyo ritoshe, amababi agatutuza, mumenya yukw agatāsi kari hafi. Nuko namwe, ni mwabona ivyo vyose bishitse, muze mumenye kw ari hafi, ku rugi. Ndababgire ukuri: [“Iri yaruka,” “NW”] nti[ri]zorangira, ivyo vyose bitarashika. Ijuru n’isi bizorangira, arikw amajambo yanje nta co azoba.”—Matayo 24:32-35, ni twe duhiritse izo ndome.
12, 13. Abigishwa boba bategereye gute ivyo Yezu yavuze ku vyerekeye ‘iri yaruka’?
12 Mu myaka yari yegereje uwa 66 G.C., Abakirisu bobaye barabonye iranguka ry’ibice vyinshi vy’intangamarara vy’ico kimenyetso kigizwe na vyinshi, ni ukuvuga intambara, amapfa, eka mbere n’ukwamamaza inkuru nziza y’Ubwami kugera kure. (Ivyakozwe 11:28; Ab’i Kolosayi 1:23) None ni ryari umuhero woje? Yezu yashatse kuvuga iki igihe yavuga ati: ‘Iri yaruka [mu Kigiriki, ge·ne·aʹ [soma yeneya]) ntirizorangira’? Yezu kenshi mu masinzi y’abamurwanya b’Abayuda bo mu gihe ciwe, harimwo n’indongozi z’ivy’idini bo mu gihe ciwe, yabise ‘iyaruka ribi, ry’ubumaka.’ (Matayo 11:16; 12:39, 45; 16:4; 17:17; 23:36) Urumva rero ko igihe yasubira kuvuga ivy’ ‘iryo yaruka’ bari ku Musozi wa Elayono, biboneka ko atashaka kuvuga ubwoko bwose uko bungana bw’Abayuda babayeho kera; eka mbere ntiyashatse kuvuga abayoboke biwe, naho nyene bari “ubgoko bgātoranijwe.” (1 Petero 2:9) Eka kandi Yezu ntiyariko aravuga ko ‘iryo yaruka’ ari ikiringo c’igihe.
13 Ahubwo, Yezu yariko yiyumvira ba Bayuda bamurwanya b’ico gihe bokwiboneye iranguka ry’ikimenyetso yari yaratanze. Ku vyerekeye icanditswe cerekeza kuri ‘iryo yaruka’ muri Luka 21:32, Porofeseri Joel B. Green avuga ati: “Mu Njili ya Gatatu, ‘iri yaruka’ (hamwe n’imvugo zijanye na yo) ryamye risobanura umugwi w’abantu urwanya umugambi w’Imana. . . . [Ryerekeza] ku bantu b’intagondwa batera ibitugu umugambi w’Imana.”b
14. Iryo ‘yaruka’ ryiboneye iki, ariko ivyashikiye Abakirisu vyari bitandukanye gute n’ivyarishikiye?
14 Rya yaruka ribi ry’abarwanya Yezu b’Abayuda bari gushobora kubona iranguka rya nya kimenyetso, bokwiboneye kandi iryo herezo. (Matayo 24:6, 13, 14) Kandi koko ivyo baravyiboneye! Muri 70 G.C., inteko z’Abaroma zaragarutse, zirongowe na Titus, mwene Vespasien Umwami w’abami. Ubucumukure Abayuda bafashwe impatanwe muri ico gisagara bagize, burarengeye ivyiyumviro.c Flavius Josèphe we yavyiboneye avuga yuko igihe Abaroma basenyura ico gisagara Abayuda bababa 1 100 000 bari bahasize agatwe, abandi nk’100 000 batwarwa inyagano, benshi muri bo bidatevye batikizwa n’inzara canke batikirira mu bibuga vy’inkino vy’Abaroma. Mu vy’ukuri, amarushwa yo muri 66 gushika muri 70 G.C. ni yo yari ahambaye cane kuruta ayo Yeruzalemu hamwe n’isi y’Abayuda vyari vyarigeze kubona yose canke ayo vyokwigeze bisubira kubona. Ese ukuntu ivyabashikiye vyari bitandukanye n’ivyashikiye Abakirisu bari bumviye imburizi y’ubuhanuzi Yezu yatanze kandi bagahunga Yeruzalemu inyuma y’aho ingabo z’Abaroma zigiriye mu 66 G.C.! “Abatoranijwe” b’Abakirisu basizwe ‘bararokotse,’ ari kwo kuguma ata nkomanzi, mu 70 G.C.—Matayo 24:16, 22.
Irindi Ranguka Rigiye Kuba
15. Dushobora kumenya neza gute ko ubuhanuzi Yezu yatanze bwogize iranguka rihambaye kuruta inyuma ya 70 G.C.?
15 Ariko rero, ibintu ntivyohereye aho. Imbere yaho, Yezu yari yarerekanye ko ico gisagara kimaze gusangangurwa, yoje mw’izina rya Yehova. (Matayo 23:38, 39; 24:2) Ni ho rero yabitomora kuruta mu buhanuzi yavugiye ku Musozi wa Elayono. Amaze kuvuga ivy’ “amarushwa ahambaye” yariko aregereza, yavuze ko mu nyuma hokwadutse abigira ba Kirisitu, kandi ko Yeruzalemu hosiribanzwe n’amahanga mu kiringo kitari gito. (Matayo 24:21, 23-28; Luka 21:24) Hoba hariho irindi ranguka rihambaye kuruta ryari rigiye kuza? Ivyabaye vyerekana ko ryariho. Iyo tugereranije Ivyahishuriwe 6:2-8 (ivyanditswe inyuma ya ya marushwa yashikira Yeruzalemu mu 70 G.C.) na Matayo 24:6-8 hamwe na Luka 21:10, 11, turabona ko intambara, ugukena kw’ibifungurwa, hamwe n’ibiza vyo ku rugero ruhambaye kuruta vyari bigiye kuza. Iryo ranguka rihambaye kuruta ry’amajambo Yezu yavuze ryashitse kuva aho ya Ntambara ya Mbere y’Isi Yose yadukiye mu 1914.
16-18. Ni ibiki twiteze bigiye kuzoshika?
16 Ubu haciye imyaka mirongo Ivyabona vya Yehova bigisha ko iranguka ririko riraba rya ca kimenyetso rigaragaza yuko ya “marushwa ahambaye” akiri ayazoza. ‘Iyaruka’ ribi ryo muri iki gihe rizobona ayo marushwa. Bisa n’uko hazokwongera kubaho ikiringo c’intango (igitero kizogirwa kw’idini y’ikinyoma), nk’uko nyene ca gitero Gallus yagira mu 66 G.C. cuguruye ya marushwa yashikira Yeruzalemu.d Maze, haciye igihe tutazi, umuhero uzoca uza—ni ukuvuga isangangurwa ryo kw’isi yose, risa n’iryo mu 70 G.C.
17 Igihe yariko aravuga ivy’amarushwa ari imbere yacu, Yezu yavuze ati: “[Ubwo nyene i]nyuma y’ayo marushwa y’ico gihe [isangangurwa ry’idini y’ikinyoma], uwo mwanya izuba rizocura umwiza, n’ukwezi ntikuzoba kucaka umuco wakwo, n’inyenyeri zizokoragurika zive kw ijuru, n’ivy’inkomezi vyo mu majuru bizonyiganyizwa. Bun’ikimenyetso c’Umwana w’umuntu kizobonekera kw ijuru, ni ho amoko yose yo mw isi azoboroga, bazobona Umwana w’umuntu aje mu bicu vyo kw ijuru ari n’ububasha n’ubgiza bginshi.”—Matayo 24:29, 30.
18 Nuko rero Yezu wenyene ubwiwe avuga yuko “[i]nyuma y’ayo marushwa y’ico gihe,” hari ibintu kanaka bizobera kw’ijuru. (Gereranya na Yoweli 2:28-32; 3:15.) Ivyo bizojoreza cane abantu bagambarara, bibadugarike cane umutima ku buryo “bazoboroga.” Benshi “bazogwishwa igihūmura n’ubgoba no kwitega ibigira bibe mw isi.” Mugabo si uko bizoba bimeze ku Bakirisu b’ukuri! Bobo ‘bazoraramika imitwe yabo kubera ko ugucungurwa kwabo kuzoba kugira gushike.’—Luka 21:25, 26, 28.
Urubanza Ruri Imbere!
19. Dushobora gute kumenya igihe umugani w’intama n’impene uzorangukirako?
19 Urabona ko muri Matayo 24:29-31 habuye yuko (1) Umwana w’umuntu azoza, (2) ukwo kuza kukazoba ukw’ubuninahazwa buhambaye, (3) akazoba ari kumwe n’abamarayika, kandi (4) amoko yose yo kw’isi azomubona. Yezu asubiramwo ivyo bintu muri wa mugani w’intama n’impene. (Matayo 25:31-46) Ni co gituma duca dutahura yuko uwo mugani uvuga ivy’igihe, Yezu azoba aje ari kumwe n’abamarayika biwe hanyuma akicara ku ntebe yiwe y’icubahiro ngo ace imanza, inyuma y’ukwaduka kwa ya marushwa. (Yohana 5:22; Ivyakozwe 17:31; gereranya na 1 Abami 7:7; Daniyeli 7:10, 13, 14, 22, 26; Matayo 19:28.) Ni bande bazocirwa urubanza, kandi bizovamwo iki? Uwo mugani werekana yuko Yezu azokwihweza ivy’amahanga yose, nk’aho yoba akoraniye imbere nyene y’intebe yiwe y’Ubwami yo mw’ijuru.
20, 21. Ni ibiki bizoshikira intama zivugwa muri wa mugani wa Yezu? (b) Impene zizoshikirwa n’ibiki muri kazoza?
20 Abagabo n’abagore bameze nk’intama bazorobanurwa bashirwe ku ruhande rw’iburyo rwa Yezu rugaragaza ko bemewe. Uti kuki? Kubera ko bakoresheje uturyo bari bafise bagirira neza abavukanyi biwe—abo bakaba ari Abakirisu basizwe bazogira uruhara mu Bwami bwa Kirisitu bwo mw’ijuru. (Daniyeli 7:27; Abaheburayo 2:9–3:1) Mu buryo bujanye n’uwo mugani, Abakirisu amamiliyoni bameze nk’intama baramenye abavukanyi ba Yezu bo mu vy’impwemu, kandi bariko barakora babafata mu mugongo. Ico vyavuyemwo ni uko rya “shengero rinini” rifise icizigiro gishingiye kuri Bibiliya c’ukurokoka “ya marushwa ahambaye” hanyuma maze bakabaho ibihe bidahera mw’Iparadizo, akarere ko kw’isi k’Ubwami bw’Imana.—Ivyahishuriwe 7:9, 14; 21:3, 4; Yohana 10:16.
21 Mbega ukuntu impene bazoshikirwa n’ibintu bitandukanye n’ivyo! Bavugwa muri Matayo 24:30 (NW) ko ‘bokwiyambaguye baboroga’ igihe Yezu aza. Kandi bizoba bikwiye ko baboroga, kubera ko bazoba ari abateye akagere inkuru nziza y’Ubwami, bakarwanya abigishwa ba Yezu kandi bagashima isi iriko irashira. (Matayo 10:16-18; 1 Yohana 2:15-17) Yezu ni we agena impene abo ari bo; ivyo nta n’umwe mu bigishwa biwe bari kw’isi abishoboye. Ku vyerekeye impene, avuga ati: “Abo bazoja mu gihano kidashira.”—Matayo 25:46.
22. Ni igice ikihe c’ubuhanuzi bwa Yezu dukwiye gusubira kurimbura?
22 Birakora ku mutima kubona ukuntu twateye imbere mu gutahura ubuhanuzi buri muri Matayo ikigabane ca 24 n’ica 25. Ariko rero, hariho igice c’ubuhanuzi Yezu yatanze bikwiye ko twongera kukirimbura—na co ni iki: ‘ikizira c’ubuyobe bw’ubugesera, gihagaze ahantu hera.’ Yezu yahimirije abayoboke biwe gukoresha ugutegera ku vyerekeye ico kintu kandi abasaba kwitegurira kugira ico bakoze. (Matayo 24:15, 16) None ico “kizira c’ubuyobe” ni igiki? Ni ryari gihagarara ahantu hera? Vyongeye, vyerekeye gute ivyo twizigiye mu buzima bwo muri iki gihe no muri kazoza? Ikiganiro gikurikira kiravuga ivyo bintu.
[Utujambo tw’epfo]
a Raba ibiganiro vyo kwiga mu nomero z’Umunara w’Inderetsi zo ku wa 1 Ruhuhuma 1994; ku wa 1 Munyonyo 1995; hamwe no ku wa 1 Nyakanga 1996.
b Incabwenge y’Umwongereza G. R. Beasly-Murray avuga ati: “Imvugo ngo ‘iri yaruka’ ntiyari ikwiye gutera ingorane abasobanuzi. Naho vyemerwa ko genea mu Kigiriki ca kera ryasobanura ivuka, uruvyaro, gutyo rero rigasobanura ubwoko, . . . muri [ya mpinduro y’Ikigiriki yitwa la Septante] akenshi ryakoreshejwe rihindura ijambo ry’Igiheburayo dôr, risobanura ikiringo c’ukubaho, ikiringo c’ukubaho c’abantu, canke iyaruka mu buryo bw’ab’urunganwe yitirirwa. . . . Mu majambo bivugwa ko yavuzwe na Yezu iryo jambo riboneka ko rifise insobanuro zibiri: ku ruhande rumwe ryama risobanura abo mu runganwe rwiwe, na ho ku rundi ruhande rikama ririmwo ukunegura gukikiriza.”
c Mu gitabu History of the Jews (Kahise k’Abayuda), Porofeseri Graetz avuga yuko Abaroma rimwe na rimwe bamanika abanyororo 500 ku musi. Abandi Bayuda bari bafashwe mpiri baracibwa ibikonjo hanyuma bakarungikwa ngo basubire mu gisagara. Ibintu vyari vyifashe gute aho hantu? “Amahera yari yarataye agaciro, kubera ko atashobora kugura agakate. Abantu bararwana mu mabarabara bimwe bibabaje barwanira imfungurwa ziboze utoruha ukoza no mu kanwa, utwatsi tw’inticantikize, agace k’urushato, canke ibisigazwa vy’ibifungurwa batereye imbwa. . . . Kubera ibiziga bitafubwa vyaguma vyongerekana cane, vyatumye umuyaga uvanze n’ubushuhe bwinshi wo mu ci uteza indwara z’ibiza, vyongeye abanyagihugu barahitanwa n’indwara, ikigoyi hamwe n’inkota.”
d Ikiganiro gikurikira kiravuga ivy’uwo muce w’amarushwa yo muri kazoza.
Woba Uvyibuka?
◻ Ibiri muri Matayo 24:4-14 vyarangutse gute mu kinjana ca mbere?
◻ Nk’uko vyari vyaravuzwe muri Matayo 24:21, 22, mu gihe c’intumwa ni mu buryo ki imisi yageruwe kandi hakaba umuntu arokoka?
◻ Ni ibiki vyaranga ‘iyaruka’ rivugwa muri Matayo 24:34?
◻ Tuzi gute ko bwa buhanuzi bwashikirizwa ku Musozi wa Elayono bwogize irindi ranguka rirushirije kuba rinini?
◻ Umugani w’intama n’impene uzoranguka ryari kandi gute?
[Ifoto ku rup. 20]
Ibiri ku cubako cihese citiriwe Titus i Roma vyerekana ivyanyazwe muri rya sangangurwa rya Yeruzalemu
[Abo dukesha ifoto ku rup. 20]
Soprintendenza Archeologica di Roma