‘Niwitwararike uwu muzabibu’

BA BATASI 12 baragenduye imihingo itandukanye ya ca Gihugu c’Isezerano. Musa yari yarababwiye kwihweza ukuntu abantu bo muri ico gihugu bameze no kuzana bimwebimwe mu vyimburwa vyaho. None ni icimburwa ikihe cabashimishije cane kuruta ibindi? Hafi y’i Heburoni, bahasanze umurima w’imizabibu iriko inzabibu nininini cane ku buryo vyasavye ko babiri muri abo batasi baba ari bo batwara umusoko umwe wazo. Abo batasi baratangajwe cane n’ivyimburwa vy’aho hantu ku buryo ako karere kamera baciye bakita “Igihogoro Eshikoli”, bisobanura “Umusoko” w’inzabibu.​—Guharūra 13:21-24, akajambo k’epfo.

Mu kinjana ca 19, hari umuntu yagendeye i Palesitina yavuze ati: “I Eshikoli, ari co Kiyaya c’inzabibu, . . . haracuzuyemwo imizabibu. Vyongeye inzabibu zaho ni nziza kandi ni nininini kuruta iz’ahandi hose muri Palesitina”. Naho imizabibu y’i Eshikoli wasanga ari yo myiza kuruta iyindi yose, mu bihe vya Bibiliya i Palesitina nka hose harimbuka inzabibu nziza. Inkuru zo mu vyandikano vy’Abanyamisiri zerekana yuko abami ba Misiri bakura umuvinyu i Kanani.

Igitabu kimwe (The Natural History of the Bible) gisigura giti: “Inkike z’imisozi [yo muri Palesitina] usanga ziriko ibitandara vy’amabuye. Zigizwe n’ivu ry’urucekeri rukeruke, kandi umuco w’izuba urazirasirako. Mu ci usanga hashushe, kandi isi yaho iranywa ningoga mu rushana. Ivyo vyose bituma ico gihugu kiba neza na neza igihugu c’imizabibu”. Yesaya yerekanye ko mu turere tumwetumwe twizatwiza wasanga hari imizabibu ishika igihumbi.​—Yesaya 7:23.

“Igihugu c’imizabibu”

Musa yabwiye rya hanga rya Isirayeli ko ryobaye mu gihugu c’“imizabibu n’imisukoni n’amakomamanga” (Gusubira mu vyagezwe 8:8). Igitabu kimwe c’inkoranyabumenyi (Baker Encyclopedia of Bible Plants) kivuga yuko “muri Palesitina ha kera imizabibu yari myinshi cane ku buryo mu bibanza nka vyose bacukuyemwo ivya kera bagiye basangayo imbuto zayo”. Imizabibu yo mu Gihugu c’Isezerano yarama cane ku buryo no mu 607 B.G.C., igihe ingabo za Nebukadinezari zasangangura Ubuyuda, abantu basigaye muri ico gihugu bagumye “bamura inzabibu za vino n’ivyo ibiti vyama vyinshi cane”.​—Yeremiya 40:12; 52:16.

Kugira ngo Abisirayeli b’abarimyi baronke umuvinyu mwinshi, bategerezwa kwitwararika neza imizabibu yabo. Igitabu ca Yesaya kiravuga ko umukozi w’umuzabibu w’Umwisirayeli yabanza kurima igice c’itongo co ku nkike y’umusozi maze akagikuramwo amabuye maninimanini yose imbere y’uko atera “imizabibu [yiwe] y’ubgoko bgiza”. Yarashobora guca yubaka uruzitiro rw’amabuye akoresheje nya mabuye nyene yaba yakuye aho hantu. Urwo ruzitiro rwarafasha mu gukingira umurima wiwe w’imizabibu kugira ngo inka ntiziwuhonyange, rukawukingira n’imbwebwe, ingurube z’inyeshamba be n’ibisuma. Vyongeye, yarashobora gukora ikintu kimeze nk’ubwato bwo kuganiramwo umuvinyu, akongera akubaka umutara mutoyi, uwo na wo ukaba wari ikibanza gipfutse co kubamwo mu gihe c’iyimbura aho wasanga imizabibu ikeneye gukingirwa mu buryo budasanzwe. Amaze gukora ivyo bikorwa vyose vya mbere na mbere, ni ho yashobora kwitega ko azoronka umwimbu mwiza w’inzabibu.​—Yesaya 5:1, 2a.

Kugira ngo umurimyi ashobore kuronka umwimbu mwiza, yama ahonyorera imizabibu yiwe kugira ngo yame cane, akongera akayibagarira kugira ngo ntimeremwo ivyatsi bibi, imikere be n’amahwa. Mu ci, yarashobora kuvomera uwo murima w’imizabibu mu gihe imvura yo mu mpeshi itaba yawunywesheje neza.​—Yesaya 5:6; 18:5; 27:2-4.

Igihe c’iyimbura ry’inzabibu caba mu mpera y’ici cari giteye akanyamuneza kenshi (Yesaya 16:10). Hariho amazaburi atatu afise agatwe karimwo imvugo ivuga ngo “mw ijwi ryitwa Gititi” (Zaburi ya 8, iya 81 n’iya 84). Iyo mvugo itazwi neza yakoreshwa mu vyo kuririmba, muri ya mpinduro yitwa Septante ihindurwa ngo “amato yo kuganiramwo umuvinyu”, kumbure bikaba vyerekana yuko Abisirayeli baririmba ayo mazaburi mu gihe c’iyimbura ry’inzabibu. Naho inzabibu ahanini Abisirayeli bazikoramwo umuvinyu, baranazifungura zitaruma canke zumye, izo zumye bakaba barashobora kuzikoramwo udutsima.​—2 Samweli 6:19; 1 Ngoma 16:3.

Isirayeli wari umuzabibu

Bibiliya iradondora akatari gake abasavyi b’Imana ko ari umuzabibu, kandi birabereye ko iyo imvugo mberanya ikoreshwa uravye akamaro umuzabibu wari ufitiye Abisirayeli. Muri Zaburi ya 80, Asafu yagereranije ihanga rya Isirayeli n’umuzabibu Yehova yari yarateye i Kanani. Ico gihugu cararimwe ku buryo uwo muzabibu ari wo Isirayeli washoboye gushinga imizi hanyuma ugakomera. Mugabo uko imyaka yagiye irarengana, inzitiro ziwukingira zagiye zirasenyuka. Iryo hanga ntiryari ricizigira Yehova, na we araheza ntiyaba akirikingira. Nka kurya ingurube y’inyeshamba yona umurima w’imizabibu, ni ko amahanga y’abansi yaguma yonona ubutunzi bwa Isirayeli. Asafu yarasenze asaba Yehova ko yofasha iryo hanga kugira ngo risubire kugira ubwiza ryahorana kera. Yinginze ati: ‘[“Niwitwararike”, NW] uwu muzabibu’.​—Zaburi 80:8-15.

Yesaya yasanishije “inzu ya Isirayeli” n’umuzabibu ugenda buhorobuhoro urama “ibijabija vy’inzabibu”, canke utwamwa tuboze (Yesaya 5:2, 7). Inzabibu z’ibijabija, ari zo nzabibu zo mw’ishamba, usanga ari ntoyi cane uzigereranije n’izo barima, kandi usanga icamwa nka cose cuzuyemwo utubuto gusa. Inzabibu zo mw’ishamba ntizishobora gukorwamwo umuvinyu canke kuribwa, ivyo bikaba bigereranya mu buryo bubereye iryo hanga ry’irihuni ryama ukugabitanya aho kwama ukugororoka. Kubona uwo muzabibu warama ico camwa c’ukugabitanya ata co kimaze, ntivyavuye ku Murimyi wawo. Yehova yari yarakoze ibishoboka vyose kugira ngo iryo hanga ryame ivyamwa vyiza. Yabajije ati: “Ico nari gukorera uruzabibu rwanje ntārukoreye n’igiki?”.​—Yesaya 5:4.

Kubera ko uwo muzabibu ari wo Isirayeli utama ivyamwa vyiza, Yehova yarawugabishije yuko yosenyuye uruzitiro ruwukingira yari yarubatse. Ntiyosubiriye guhonyorera uwo muzabibu wiwe w’ikigereranyo canke ngo awubagarire. Imvura y’impeshi yatuma umurima w’imizabibu wimbuka ntiyobaye ikigwa, kandi amahwa n’imikere ntivyotevye kwuzura muri uwo murima.​—Yesaya 5:5, 6.

Musa yari yaravuze yuko ubuhuni bw’Abisirayeli bwotumye n’imirima y’imizabibu yabo yuma. Yavuze ati: “Muzotera imizabibu, muyikorere, ariko ntimuzonywa vino yayo, canke ngo muyāmūre, kukw ingungu zizoyirya” (Gusubira mu vyagezwe 28:39). Umuzabibu urashobora mu misi mikeyi kwuma igihe ingungu, ari rwo runyo, yinjiye mu mutumba nyamukuru w’uwo muzabibu ikawukuguta.​—Yesaya 24:7.

“Umuzabibu w’ukuri”

Nka kurya Yehova yagereranije Isirayeli n’umuzabibu, Yezu na we nyene yarakoresheje mwene iyo mvugo mberanya. Mw’ijoro rya nyuma Yezu yamaranye n’abigishwa biwe, yababwiye ati: “Jewe nd’umuzabibu w’ukuri, kandi Data ni nyene wo” (Yohana 15:1). Yezu yagereranije abigishwa biwe n’amashami y’uwo muzabibu. Kubera yuko amashami y’umuzabibu buzabibu akura inkomezi mu mutumba nyamukuru wawo, ni co gituma n’abigishwa ba Kirisitu bategerezwa kuguma muri we. Yezu yavuze ati: “[N]ta co mubasha gukora mutamfise” (Yohana 15:5). Nk’uko umurimyi arima umuzabibu yitega kuronka ivyamwa vyawo, ni ko na Yehova yitega ko abasavyi biwe bama ivyamwa vyo mu buryo bw’impwemu. Igihe bamye ivyo vyamwa, Imana yo nyene uwo muzabibu, ni ukuvuga Umurimyi wawo, iraheza ikanezerwa kandi ikaninahazwa.​—Yohana 15:8.

Ku vyerekeye umuzabibu buzabibu, wama cane igihe gusa wahonyorewe ukongera ugatuturirwa, kandi na Yezu yaragize ico avuze kuri ivyo bikorwa vyompi. Umukozi w’umurima w’imizabibu arashobora guhonyorera umuzabibu kabiri mu mwaka kugira ngo aronke inzabibu nyinshi zishoboka. Mu gihe c’urushana, umurimyi arashobora guca amashami menshi y’umuzabibu, akawukurako menshi mu yanaze mu mwaka w’imbere y’aho. Ashobora gusiga ku mutumba w’umuzabibu amashami makurumakuru atatu canke ane, ishami rimwe ryose ririko umunago umwe canke ibiri. Iyo minago yaba yanaze mu mwaka w’imbere y’aho, mu ci rikurikira ni yo yaheza ikaba amashami yamako inzabibu. Amaherezo, igihe umukozi w’umuzabibu ahejeje kuwuhonyorera, ayo mashami yaciwe arayaturira.

Yezu adondora ico gikorwa gikomeye co guhonyorera ati: “Umuntu n’ataguma muri jewe atabga nk’ukw’ishami ritererwa inyuma y’uruzabibu, akuma; maze bakayatororokanya, bakayaterera mu muriro, agasha” (Yohana 15:6). Naho umuzabibu baba bamaze guhonyorera usanga umengo nta mashami usigaranye, mu mpeshi urasubira kandi guhonyorerwa mu buryo bwitondewe.

Yezu yavuze ati: “Ishami ryose ryo muri jewe ritāma, arikūraho” (Yohana 15:2). Ayo majambo ashobora kuba yerekeza ku guhonyorera kugirwa mu nyuma, umuzabibu umaze kugira amashami menshi kandi ukaba umaze kugira udusoko tw’inzabibu umuntu ashobora kubona neza. Umukozi w’umurima w’imizabibu araraba yitonze amashami yose yamaze kunaga kugira ngo amenye ayamye be n’ayatamye. Igihe ayo mashami atamye adakuwe ku muzabibu, arabandanya kununuza ingaburo be n’amazi mu mutumba wawo. Ni co gituma umurimyi aca ayo mashami kugira ngo ingaburo uwo muzabibu utanga zikoreshwe gusa n’amashami aba yamye.

Ubwa nyuma, Yezu aravuga igikorwa co gututura. Asigura ati: “Iryama ryose araritūtūrira, ngo rirushirize kwama” (Yohana 15:2). Amashami atama amaze gukurwako, umukozi w’umuzabibu arasuzuma yitonze ishami ryose ryama. Iruhande y’aho ayo mashami yashamikiye, akenshi arahasanga utunago na two nyene dukwiye gukurwako. Mu gihe yoreka utwo tunago tugakura, twonunuza amazi y’uwo muzabibu kandi inzabibu ziba zamye zoyikorako cane. Amababi maninimanini amwamwe na yo nyene yoshobora gukurwa ku muzabibu kugira ngo inzabibu zikiri ntoyi zoroherwe kuronka umuco w’izuba. Ivyo bikorwa vyose birafasha kugira ngo amashami yama arushirize kwama.

‘Mubandanye kwama cane’

Amashami y’ikigereranyo y’“umuzabibu w’ukuri” agererenya abakirisu basizwe. Yamara, abagize “izindi ntama” na bo nyene bategerezwa kwerekana ko ari abigishwa ba Kirisitu bama (Yohana 10:16). Na bo nyene barashobora ‘kwama cane’, maze bagatuma Se wabo wo mw’ijuru aninahazwa (Yohana 15:5, 8). Akarorero ka Yezu kerekeye umuzabibu w’ukuri karatwibutsa yuko tuzorokoka mu gihe gusa tugumye muri Kirisitu tukongera tukabandanya kwama ivyamwa vyiza vyo mu buryo bw’impwemu. Yezu yavuze ati: “Ni mwitondera ivyagezwe vyanje, muzoguma mu rukundo rwanje, nk’uko nanje nitondeye ivyagezwe vya Data, nkaguma mu rukundo rwiwe”.​—Yohana 15:10.

Mu gihe ca Zekariya, Imana yarasezeraniye amasigarira y’Abisirayeli b’intahemuka ko igihugu cabo cosubiye ‘kubibwamwo amahoro; umuzabibu ukama inzabibu zawo, isi na yo ikimbuka ivyimburo vyayo’ (Zekariya 8:12). Umuzabibu urakoreshwa kandi mu kudondora amahoro abasavyi b’Imana bazogira mu gihe ca ya Ngoma ya Kirisitu y’imyaka igihumbi. Mika yamenyesheje ibizoba ati: “Umuntu wese azokwībēra musi y’umuzabibu wiwe no musi y’umusukoni wiwe; kandi nta wuzobakanga: kukw akanwa k’Uhoraho Nyen’ingabo ari ko kabivuze”.​—Mika 4:4.

[Akajambo k’epfo]

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Umuzabibu uherutse kwuma

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Uguhonyorera kuba mu rushana

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Aya ni amashami yatawe ariko araturirwa