Ni ibiki Yezu yigishije ku bijanye n’umuriro?

Yezu yavuze ati: “Nimba ijisho ryawe ritumye ucumura, rite kure. Vyokubera vyiza winjiye mu bwami bw’Imana ufise ijisho rimwe gusa hako ugira amaso abiri maze ugatererwa mu muriro. Inyo zaho ntizigera zipfa, kandi umuriro ntiwigera uzima.”​—MARIKO 9:47, 48, Contemporary English Version.

Ikindi gihe, Yezu yaravuze ivy’igihe co guca urubanza aho yobwiye abanyakibi ati: “Mva iruhande, mwebwe abavumwe, muje mu muriro udahera wateguriwe wa mubesheranyi n’abamarayika biwe.” Yaravuze kandi yuko abo bantu “bazoja mu gihano c’ibihe bidahera.”​—MATAYO 25:41, 46, The New American Bible.

UMUNTU agisoma ayo majambo ari aho haruguru Yezu yavuze, womenga yariko arashigikira ya nyigisho y’umuriro udahera. Biragaragara yuko Yezu atashaka kuvuguruza Ijambo ry’Imana, irivuga mu buryo butomoye riti: “Abapfuye nta co baba bakizi.”​—Umusiguzi 9:5.

None Yezu yariko yerekeza ku ki igihe yavuga ibijanye no guterera umuntu “mu muriro”? “Umuriro udahera” Yezu yavuze, woba ari umuriro nya muriro canke ni uw’ikigereranyo? Ni mu buryo ubuhe abanyakibi “[baja] mu gihano c’ibihe bidahera”? Nimuze dusuzume ivyo bibazo kimwekimwe ukwaco.

Yezu yariko yerekeza ku ki igihe yavuga ibijanye no guterera umuntu “mu muriro”? Ijambo ry’ikigiriki ryo mu ntango ryahinduwe ngo “umuriro” muri Mariko 9:47, ni Geʹen·na. Iryo jambo rivuye mw’ijambo ry’igiheburayo Geh Hin·nomʹ, risobanura ngo “Umwonga wa Hinomu.” Umwonga wa Hinomu wari neza na neza inyuma y’igisagara ca Yeruzalemu ca kera. Mu gihe c’abami b’Abisirayeli, uwo mwonga warakoreshwa mu gutanga ibimazi vy’abana, uwo ukaba wari umugenzo usesemye Imana yiyamirije. Imana yavuze yuko yokuyeho abakora mwene ico gikorwa c’ugusenga kw’ikinyoma. Umwonga wa Hinomu wociye rero witwa “Umwonga w’Imihindigiti,” aho “imivyimba y’ubu bwoko” yotawe idahambwe. (Yeremiya 7:30-34) Yehova rero yari amenyesheje imbere y’igihe yuko Umwonga wa Hinomu wobaye ahantu ho kurunda imivyimba, atari ahantu ho gusinzikariza ubuzima abantu bagihema.

Mu gihe ca Yezu, abantu b’i Yeruzalemu bakoresha Umwonga wa Hinomu nk’ahantu ho guta umwavu. Bahata imivyimba y’abantu bamwebamwe b’inkozi z’ibiki katwa kandi aho hantu baguma bahakije umuriro kugira ngo bazimanganye uwo mwavu be n’iyo mivyimba.

Igihe Yezu yavuga ibijanye n’inyo zidapfa be n’umuriro utazima, biboneka yuko yariko yerekeza kuri Yesaya 66:24. Ku bijanye n’‘imivyimba y’abagararije [Imana],’ Yesaya avuga yuko “inyo zabo zitazopfa, kandi n’umuriro wabo [utazozima].” Yezu be n’abariko baramwumviriza bari bazi yuko ayo majambo yo muri Yesaya yerekeza ku kuntu imivyimba y’abantu bataba babereye guhambwa yafatwa.

Ku bw’ivyo rero, Yezu yakoresheje Umwonga wa Hinomu canke Gehinomu, nk’ikigereranyo kibereye c’ugupfa ata cizigiro umuntu afise c’izuka. Yaratomoye yuko ivyo ari vyo yashatse kuvuga igihe yasigura yuko Imana “[i]shobora guhonereza ubugingo n’umubiri muri Gehinomu.” (Matayo 10:28, Bibiliya Yera) Gehinomu ni ikigereranyo c’urupfu rw’ibihe bidahera, si ugusinzikarizwa ubuzima ibihe bidahera.

“Umuriro udahera” Yezu yavuze, woba ari umuriro nya muriro canke ni uw’ikigereranyo? Urabona yuko “umuriro udahera” Yezu yavuze nk’uko vyanditswe muri Matayo 25:41, wateguriwe “wa mubesheranyi be n’abamarayika biwe.” Woba wiyumvira yuko umuriro nya muriro ushobora guturira ibiremwa vy’impwemu? Ubwo Yezu ntiyariko akoresha imvugo “umuriro” mu buryo bw’ikigereranyo? Nta nkeka ko “intama” be n’“impene” bivugwa muri iyo nsiguro nyene atari ibitungwa nya bitungwa; ni amajambo agereranya imigwi ibiri y’abantu. (Matayo 25:32, 33) Umuriro udahera Yezu yavuze uherengeteza abanyakibi mu buryo bw’ikigereranyo.

Ni mu buryo ubuhe abanyakibi “[baja] mu gihano c’ibihe bidahera”? Naho impinduro nyinshi zikoresha ijambo “igihano” muri Matayo 25:46, insobanuro y’ishimikiro y’ijambo ry’ikigiriki koʹla·sin ni “ugusuzuma ukuntu ibiti bikura,” canke gututurira, gukuraho amashami ata co amaze. Mu gihe rero abantu bameze nk’intama baronka ubuzima budahera, abantu batigaya bameze nk’impene bobo bahabwa “igihano c’ibihe bidahera,” ni ukuvuga ko bakurwaho ubutagisubira kubaho.

Uvyiyumvirako iki?

Yezu ntiyigeze yigisha yuko abantu bafise ubugingo budapfa. Ahubwo riho, akenshi yarigisha ibijanye n’izuka ry’abapfuye. (Luka 14:13, 14; Yohani 5:25-29; 11:25) Ni kubera iki Yezu yari kuvuga ko abapfuye bazozuka nimba yaremera yuko ubugingo bwabo butapfuye?

Yezu ntiyigishije yuko Imana yogiriye nabi abanyakibi mu kubasinzikariza ubuzima ibihe bidahera. Ahubwo Yezu yavuze ati: “Imana yarakunze isi cane ku buryo yatanze Umwana wayo w’ikinege, kugira ngo umuntu wese amwizera ntarandurwe ahubwo agire ubuzima budahera.” (Yohani 3:16, NAB) Ni kubera iki none Yezu yari kuvuga yuko abantu batomwizeye bopfuye? Nimba vy’ukuri yashaka kuvuga yuko bobayeho ibihe bidahera bababazwa mu muriro, none ntiyari kubivuga?

Inyigisho y’uko ngo umuriro udahera ari ahantu ho kubabarizwa, ntishingiye kuri Bibiliya. Ahubwo, ni inyigisho ya gipagani yitwa ngo ni iya gikirisu. (Raba uruzitiro ruvuga ngo “Incamake y’ibijanye n’inyigisho y’umuriro udahera,” ku rupapuro rwa 6.) Oya, Imana ntisinzikariza ubuzima abantu ibihe bidahera mu muriro. Kumenya ukuri ku bijanye n’umuriro bishobora gute kugira ico bikoze ku kuntu ubona Imana?

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INCAMAKE Y’IBIJANYE N’INYIGISHO Y’UMURIRO UDAHERA

IKOMOKA MU VYO ABAPAGANI BEMERA: Abanyamisiri ba kera baremera umuriro udahera. Igitabu kimwe (The Book Ȧm-Ṭuat) bivugwa ko ari ico mu 1375 B.G.C., kiravuga ibijanye n’abantu “boterewe mu binogo vy’umuriro bagatanguza umutwe; kandi . . . batobivuyemwo, kandi . . . batoshoboye guhunga izo mbeya z’umuriro.” Umufilozofe w’Umugiriki yitwa Plutarque (yabayeho nko mu 46-120 G.C.) yanditse ku bijanye n’abantu bari muri iyo si yo mu kuzimu ati: “Baraboroga igihe baba bariko barababazwa bimwe biteye ubwoba, bongera bahabwa ibihano biteye isoni kandi bibabaza cane.”

IYO NYIGISHO ISHIKA MU TUGWI TW’AMADINI Y’ABAYUDA: Umutohozakahise yitwa Josèphe (yabayeho mu 37 gushika nko mu 100 G.C.) yavuze yuko abitwa Abeseni, kano kakaba ari akagwi k’idini ry’Abayuda, bemera ko “ubugingo budapfa, kandi ko bubandanya kubaho ibihe bidahera.” Yongerako ati: “Ico ni iciyumviro gisa n’ic’Abagiriki . . . Bavuga ko ubugingo bw’abanyakibi bushirwa mu rwobo rurimwo umwiza w’umuzitanya kandi ruteye ubwoba, rwuzuyemwo ibihano bitigera bihera.”

IYO NYIGISHO YINJIZWA MU BIYITA ABAKIRISU: Mu kinjana ca kabiri G.C., igitabu kimwe kivuga inkuru z’ibitito (Apocalypse de Pierre) cavuze ku bijanye n’abanyakibi giti: “Bariko bategurirwa umuriro utazima.” Kivuga kandi giti: “Ezrael, umumarayika w’uburake, arazana abagabo n’abagore igice c’imibiri yabo kiriko kirasha maze akabaterera ahantu h’umwiza, mu muriro udahera w’abantu; hanyuma ikinyabuzima c’impwemu kikabahana.” Muri ico kiringo nyene, umwanditsi yitwa Tofilo w’i Antiyokiya arasubiramwo amajambo yavuzwe n’umuhanuzikazi w’Umugiriki yitwa Sibyl, ayo yavuze asa n’uwumenyesha imbere y’igihe ibihano abanyakibi bazoronka, ati: “Muzoshikirwa n’umuriro utongora, kandi muzokwama imisi yose muhira mu mbeya.” Ayo ni amwe mu majambo Tofilo avuga ko ari “ay’ukuri, kandi afise akamaro, akaba yumvikana, vyongeye abantu bose bakaba bashobora kuyungukirako.”

IYO NYIGISHO Y’UMURIRO YARAKORESHEJWE MU GUSIGURA UBUKAZI BWAGIZWE MU KIRINGO CO HAGATI Y’IKINJANA CA 6 N’ICA 16: Umwamikazi w’Ubwongereza yitwa Mary wa mbere (yatwaye mu 1553-1558), uwo batazira ngo “Mariya umunywamaraso” kubera ko yatuririye ku biti abaporotisanti bagera hafi ku 300, bivugwa ko yavuze ati: “Kubera yuko ubugingo bw’abahakana ukwemera butegerezwa kuzoguma buturirwa ibihe vyose mu muriro udahera nibamara gupfa, nta kindi kintu kibereye mbona nogira kiruta kwigana uguhora kw’Imana mu kubaturirira kw’isi.”

INSOBANURO IYO NYIGISHO IHERUTSE GUHABWA: Muri ino myaka ya vuba, amashirahamwe amwamwe y’ivy’idini yarahinduye ivyo yigisha ku bijanye n’umuriro. Nk’akarorero, Urwego rujejwe ivy’inyigisho mw’idini ry’abangilikani rwavuze mu 1995 ruti: “Ico bita umuriro udahera, si ukubabazwa ibihe vyose, mugabo ni ihitamwo rya nyuma kandi ntabanduka ry’ingendo yo kurwanya Imana bimwe vyeruye, ku buryo ata kindi kiba kigisigaye atari uguherengetezwa.”

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“IKIYAGA CAKA UMURIRO” NI IKI?

Mu Vyahishuwe 20:10 havuga yuko wa Mubesheranyi azotererwa mu “kiyaga caka umuriro” maze “[aka]babazwa ku murango no mw ijoro ibihe bitazoshira.” Iyaba wa Mubesheranyi yobabajwe ibihe vyose, Imana yobwirijwe kureka akaguma ari muzima, ariko Bibiliya ivuga yuko Yezu “azomusangangura.” (Abaheburayo 2:14, KJ) Ico kiyaga caka umuriro co mu buryo bw’ikigereranyo, gisobanura “urupfu rwa kabiri.” (Ivyahishuwe 21:8) Urwo si rurya rupfu ruvugwa ubwa mbere muri Bibiliya, ni ukuvuga rumwe rwazanywe n’igicumuro ca Adamu, urwo umuntu ashobora gukurwamwo biciye kw’izuka. (1 Abakorinto 15:21, 22) Kubera yuko Bibiliya itavuga ko “ikiyaga caka umuriro” corekuye abari muri co, “urupfu rwa kabiri” rutegerezwa kuba rusobanura ubundi bwoko bw’urupfu, urwo umuntu adashobora gukurwamwo.

Ni mu buryo ubuhe none abari mu “kiyaga caka umuriro” bababazwa ibihe bidahera? Rimwe na rimwe, “kubabaza” bishobora gusobanura “kwugaranira” umuntu ahantu. Igihe kimwe aho Yezu yari ahanganye n’amadayimoni, ayo madayimoni yasemereye ati: “Waje ng’aha kutubabaza [kutwugaranira mu nyenga] igihe kitarashika?” (Matayo 8:29; Luka 8:30, 31; KJ) Gutyo rero, abantu bose bari muri ico “kiyaga” ‘bazobabazwa’ mu buryo bw’uko bazokwugaranwa ibihe bidahera, ni ukuvuga bazoshikirwa n’“urupfu rwa kabiri.”