Ijambo rya Yehova ni rizima

Ibikurubikuru vyo mu gitabu ca Nehemiya

IMYAKA 12 iraheze kuva aho ibintu vya nyuma vyanditswe mu gitabu ca Bibiliya ca Ezira bishikiye. Ubu, igihe kiregereje c’uko ‘icagezwe gishingwa co kuvyura no kwubaka Yeruzalemu’, ico kikaba ari co kizoca kiba yo ntango ya ya mayinga 70 y’imyaka ashikana kuri Mesiya (Daniyeli 9:24-27). Igitabu ca Nehemiya cigana inkuru y’abasavyi b’Imana ijanye no gusubira kwubaka uruzitiro rwa Yeruzalemu. Kivuga ivyabaye mu kiringo gihambaye cane c’imyaka irenga 12, kuva mu 456 B.G.C. gushika mu gihe kinaka inyuma yo mu 443 B.G.C.

Ico gitabu, icanditswe na Buramatari Nehemiya, ni inkuru ikabura yigana ukuntu ugusenga kw’ukuri gushirwa hejuru igihe abantu bakoze bivuye inyuma kandi bakiheka kuri Yehova Imana baherejeko. Kirerekana neza ukuntu Yehova ayobora ibintu kugira ngo ivyo agomba bikorwe. Ico gitabu kirigana kandi inkuru y’indongozi ikomeye kandi y’umutima rugabo. Ubutumwa bwo mu gitabu ca Nehemiya buraronsa ivyigwa ngirakamaro abasenga b’ukuri bo muri iki gihe bose, “kukw ijambo ry’Imana ari rizima, rifise ubukuba”.​​—Abaheburayo 4:12.

‘BARANGIZA URUZITIRO’

(Nehemiya 1:1–6:19)

Nehemiya ari i Shushani ku mugwa, akaba ariko asukurira Umwami Aritazeruzi Longemano mw’ibanga ry’ubwizigirwa. Nehemiya acumva inkuru yuko abantu bo mu bwoko bwabo ‘bari n’amarushwa menshi n’ibiteterwa be n’uko inzitiro z’amabuye z’i Yeruzalemu zasenyutse n’amarembo yaho ko yahiye’, aca avunika umutima cane. Arasaba Imana ubuyobozi abigiranye ubwira (Nehemiya 1:3, 4). Umwami arahava akabona umubabaro Nehemiya afise, maze Nehemiya akaronka akaryo ko kuja i Yeruzalemu.

Nehemiya amaze gushika i Yeruzalemu, aragendura uruzitiro yikinze ijoro, hanyuma akamenyesha Abayuda umugambi afise wo gusubira kurwubaka. Iyubakwa riratangura. Abarwanya ico gikorwa ntibatangwa. Ariko rero, abubatsi bayobowe n’umurongozi w’umutima rugabo Nehemiya, ‘bararangiza uruzitiro’.​​—Nehemiya 6:15.

Inyishu z’ibibazo bishingiye ku Vyanditswe:

1:1; 2:1​​—“Umwaka ugira mirongwibiri” uvugwa muri iyo mirongo uko ari ibiri woba uharurwa bafatiye ku kintu kimwe? Egome, uwo mwaka ni umwaka ugira 20 Umwami Aritazeruzi ari ku ngoma. Ariko rero, uburyo bwakoreshejwe mu guharura muri iyo mirongo buratandukanye. Ibimenyamenya vya kahise vyerekana ko umwaka wa 475  B.G.C. ari wo mwaka Aritazeruzi yaja ku ngoma. Kubera ko abimuzi b’ibisomwa b’Abanyababiloni bari basanzwe baharura imyaka y’ingoma z’abami b’Abaperesi kuva mu kwezi kwa Nisani (Ntwarante-Ndamukiza) gushika ku kundi kwezi kwa Nisani, umwaka wa mbere w’ingoma ya Aritazeruzi watanguye muri Nisani mu 474 B.G.C. Ku bw’ivyo, umwaka ugira 20 Aritazeruzi ari ku ngoma uvugwa muri Nehemiya 2:1 watanguye muri Nisani mu 455 B.G.C. Ukwezi kwa Kisilevu (Munyonyo-Kigarama) kuvugwa muri Nehemiya 1:1, vyumvikana ko kwari ukwo mu mwaka w’imbere y’aho, ni ukuvuga mu mwaka wa 456 B.G.C. Nehemiya avuga yuko ukwo kwezi na kwo nyene kwari ukwo mu mwaka ugira 20 Aritazeruzi ari ku ngoma. Hano ashobora kumbure kuba yariko aharura imyaka afatiye ku gihe uwo mwami yagiriye ku ngoma. Vyoshoboka kandi ko Nehemiya yariko aharura igihe afatiye ku co Abayuda muri iki gihe bita umwaka usanzwe, uwo na wo ukaba utangura mu kwezi kwa Tishiri guhura na Nyakanga-Gitugutu. Uko biri kwose, umwaka icagezwe co gusubira kwubaka Yeruzalemu casohokeyemwo ni umwaka wa 455 B.G.C.

4:17, 18​​—Umuntu yashobora gute gukora igikorwa co kwubaka akoresheje ukuboko kumwe gusa? Ku bikorezi, ico nticari ikintu kigoye. Umuzigo umaze gushirwa ku mutwe canke ku bitugu vyabo, barashobora kuwugumya bakoresheje ukuboko kumwe “ukundi gufashe ikirwanishwa”. Abubatsi baba bakeneye gukoresha amaboko yompi, ‘umuntu wese muri bo yakora yambaye inkota kw’itako mu gihe yaba ariko yubaka’. Bari biteguriye kwirwanira mu gihe umwansi yoramutse abateye.

5:7​​—Ni kubera iki Nehemiya ‘yatonganije abakuru n’abaganza’? Abo bagabo bariko bagurana amahera Abayuda bagenzi babo ku nyungu bakarenga ku Vyagezwe vya Musa (Abalewi 25:36; Gusubira mu vyagezwe 23:19). Vyongeye, inyungu bene kugurana bariko basaba yari umurengera. Haramutse hasabwe ‘ic’ijana’ c’ayo mahera buri kwezi, ku mwaka iyo nyungu yashobora kungana n’ibice 12 kw’ijana vya nya mahera yaba yaguranywe (Nehemiya 5:11). Gusaba abantu iyo nyungu ntivyaranga ikigongwe narirya bari basanzwe baremerejwe rwose n’amakori be n’ubukene bw’ibifungurwa. Ku bw’ivyo, Nehemiya yaratonganije abatunzi akoresheje Ivyagezwe vy’Imana.

6:5​​—None ko ivyete vy’amabanga vyari bisanzwe bishirwa mu gasaho kugaye neza, ni kubera iki Sanibalati yarungikiye Nehemiya “icete kitazinze”? Sanibalati ashobora kuba yashaka ko abantu babona ibirego vy’ibinyoma mu kubirungika mu cete kitazinze. Kumbure yiyumvira ko ivyo vyoshavuje Nehemiya rwose ku buryo yociye aheba ico gikorwa co kwubaka maze akaza kwirwanira. Canke na ho, Sanibalati ashobora kuba yiyumviriye yuko ibiri muri ico cete vyotumye Abayuda bagira ubwoba maze bagaca bahagarika igikorwa bariko bakorera hamwe. Nehemiya yaranse guterwa ubwoba maze arabandanya umutima uri mu nda igikorwa yashinzwe n’Imana.

Ivyigwa tuhigira:

1:4; 2:4; 4:4, 5. Igihe duhanganye n’ibintu bitoroshe canke igihe hari ingingo tubwirizwa gufata, turakwiye ‘gushishikara gusenga’ tukongera tugakora twisunze ubuyobozi bwa gitewokarasi.​​—Abaroma 12:12.

1:11–2:8; 4:4, 5, 15, 16; 6:16. Yehova arishura amasengesho avuye ku mutima abasavyi biwe bamutura.​​—Zaburi 86:6, 7.

1:4; 4:19, 20; 6:3, 15. Naho Nehemiya yari umuntu afise impuhwe, yarasize akarorero keza ko kuba umuntu afata ingingo kandi w’umunyabikorwa yarwanira ukugororoka ashikamye.

1:11–2:3. Ikintu nyamukuru catuma Nehemiya agira umunezero nticari igiti gihambaye yari afise co kuba umukevyi w’umwami. Kwari ugutera imbere kw’ugusenga kw’ukuri. Ugusenga Yehova be n’ibintu vyose biteza imbere ukwo gusenga ntibikwiye none kuba co kintu nyamukuru kituraza ishinga kuruta ibindi, kikaba na co kintu nyamukuru kituzanira umunezero?

2:4-8. Yehova yaratumye Aritazeruzi aha Nehemiya uruhusha rwo kuja gusubira kwubaka uruzitiro rwa Yeruzalemu. Mu Migani 21:1 (NW), havuga hati: ‘Umutima w’umwami ni nk’imigende y’amazi iri mu kuboko kwa Yehova. Awuyobora iyo agomba hose’.

3:5, 27. Ntidukwiye kubona yuko ibikorwa vy’amaboko dukora ku bw’uguteza imbere ugusenga kw’ukuri bidutesha agaciro nk’uko ba “bapfasoni” bo mu b’i Tekowa babibona. Aho kubigenza gutyo, turashobora kwigana abanyagihugu batobato bo mu b’i Tekowa bitanze n’umutima ukunze.

3:10, 23, 28-30. Naho bamwebamwe badashobora kuja ahakenewe abamamaji b’Ubwami kuruta, benshi muri twebwe barashigikira ugusenga kw’ukuri bari hafi y’aho baba. Ivyo twoshobora kubigira mu kugira uruhara mu gikorwa c’ubwubatsi bw’Ingoro z’Ubwami no mu vy’ugutabara abashikiwe n’ivyago, ariko canecane mu kugira uruhara mu gikorwa co kwamamaza Ubwami.

4:14. Igihe baturwanije, na twebwe nyene turashobora gutsinda ubwoba mu kugumiza ku muzirikanyi Umwe “ahambaye ateye ubgoba”.

5:14-19. Buramatari Nehemiya ni akarorero keza cane ku bacungezi bakirisu mu vyo kwicisha bugufi, mu vyo kutagira ubwikunzi be no mu vyo kugira ubukerebutsi. Naho yari umunyamwete mu kwitwararika cane kuraba yuko Ivyagezwe vy’Imana bikurikizwa, ntiyigeze acinyiza abandi yironderera inyungu. Ahubwo riho, yarerekanye ko yitwararika impahazwa n’abakene. Nehemiya yarasigiye akarorero gahambaye abasavyi b’Imana bose mu kuba umuntu w’inda nziza.

“MANA YANJE, UZ’UBINZIRIKANEKO, UBINYISHURE IVYIZA”

(Nehemiya 7:1–13:31)

Uruzitiro rw’i Yeruzalemu rukira gusa kurangira Nehemiya agaca ashirako amarembo akagira n’intunganyo zo gucungera umutekano w’ico gisagara. Aca atangura kwandika urutonde rw’abantu rwerekana ukuntu imiryango yabo yagiye irakurikirana. Abantu bose bamaze gukoranira “ku kibuga kir’imbere y’irembo ry’amazi”, umuherezi Ezira arasoma igitabu c’Ivyagezwe vya Musa hanyuma Nehemiya n’Abalewi bagasigurira abantu ivyo Vyagezwe (Nehemiya 8:1). Kumenya ibijanye n’umusi mukuru w’Insago bituma bawuhimbaza banezerewe.

Abantu barasubira gukoranira hamwe. Muri ico gihe, “uruvyaro rwa Isirayeli” ruratura ivyaha ihanga ryabo ryakoze, Abalewi barasubira kuvuga ivy’imigenderanire Imana yagiranye na Isirayeli, abantu na bo bararahira bakisiba ko “bazohora bagendera mu vyagezwe vy’Imana” (Nehemiya 9:1, 2; 10:29). Kubera ko i Yeruzalemu hakibayo abantu bakeyi, ubupfindo burapfindwa kugira ngo umuntu umwumwe muri 10 baba hanze y’igisagara acimukiremwo. Ubukurikira, uruzitiro ruregurirwa Imana hari akanyamuneza kenshi ku buryo “umunezero ur’i Yerusalemu [ushobora k]wumvikana kure” (Nehemiya 12:43). Haheze imyaka cumi n’ibiri Nehemiya ashitse i Yeruzalemu, arahava agasubira ku bikorwa yari asanzwe akora kwa Aritazeruzi. Uguhumana ntiguteba kwinjira mu Bayuda. Nehemiya amaze gusubira i Yeruzalemu, arafata ingingo zikomeye zo gukosora ibintu. Arisabira abigiranye ukwicisha bugufi ati: “Mana yanje, uz’ubinzirikaneko, ubinyishure ivyiza”.​​—Nehemiya 13:31.

Inyishu z’ibibazo bishingiye ku Vyanditswe:

7:6-67​​—Dufatiye ku bitigiri vy’abantu bagize inzu imwimwe yose, ni kubera iki urutonde Nehemiya yagize rw’amasigarira yasubiranye i Yeruzalemu na Zerubabeli rutandukanye n’urwa Ezira (Ezira 2:1-65)? Imvo ituma haba iryo tandukaniro yoshobora kuba ari uko Ezira na Nehemiya batakuye amakuru mw’isôko rimwe. Nk’akarorero, igitigiri c’abiyandikishije ngo basubire i Yeruzalemu coshobora kuba cari gitandukanye n’igitigiri c’abasubiyeyo koko. Izo nkuru zibiri zoshobora kandi kuba zari zitandukanye bitumwe n’uko Abayuda batashoboye kwerekana imiryango bakomokamwo mu ntango, boba babigize mu nyuma. Ariko rero, izo nkuru zompi zihuriye ku kintu kimwe, na co kikaba ari iki: Igitigiri c’abantu ba mbere na mbere basubiye i Yeruzalemu cari 42.360, ukuyemwo abagurano n’abaririmvyi.

10:34​​—Ni kubera iki abantu basabwe gutanga inkwi? Ishikanwa ry’inkwi ntiryasabwa muri vya Vyagezwe vya Musa. Ivy’ugushikana inkwi vyagiye gusabwa gusa kubera ko zari zikenewe. Hari hakenewe inkwi nyinshi cane zo kwosa ibimazi ku gicaniro. Biboneka ko ata Banetinimu bakwiye bari bahari, abo bakaba bari abagurano batari Abisirayeli bakorera ku rusengero. Ku bw’ivyo, harapfinzwe ubupfindo kugira ngo hitwararikwe ivy’uko amashikanwa y’inkwi abandanya gutangwa.

13:6​​—Nehemiya yamaze igihe kingana iki atari i Yeruzalemu? Bibiliya ivuga gusa yuko Nehemiya ‘amaze imisi’ i bwami, yasavye umwami ngo amurekure asubire i Yeruzalemu. Ku bw’ivyo, biragoye kumenya igihe Nehemiya yamaze atahari ukuntu kingana. Ariko rero, aho Nehemiya asubiriye i Yeruzalemu, yasanze ubuherezi butariko bushigikirwa, n’icagezwe kigenga Isabato kitariko gikurikizwa. Abenshi bari barabiriye abagore b’abanyamahangakazi, kandi n’uruvyaro rwabo ntirwanavuga ururimi rw’Abayuda. Kugira ngo ibintu birinde bimera nabi cane ukuraho, Nehemiya ategerezwa kuba yari yamazeyo igihe kirekire.

13:25, 28​​—Turetse ‘uguhambarira’ Abayuda bari bakoze ibitabereye, ni ibiki Nehemiya yakoze kugira akosore ibintu? Nehemiya ‘yarabavumye’ mu kubasubiriramwo imanza zo mu Vyagezwe vy’Imana. ‘Bamwe yarabakubise’, kumbure mu gutegeka ko bahanwa. Kugira yerekane ko yari yababajwe n’ivyo bintu bitabereye, bamwe ‘yarabashikuye umushatsi’. Yaranirukanye umwuzukuru w’Umuherezi Mukuru Eliyashibu, uwo mwuzukuru akaba yari yarabiriye umukobwa wa Sanibalati Umuhoroni.

Ivyigwa tuhigira:

8:8. Bwa bigisha b’Ijambo ry’Imana, ‘turarisobanura’ mu kuvuga dutobora neza, mu gushimika ku mvugo no mu gusigura Ivyanditswe ata makosa, tukerekana mu buryo butomoye ingene vyoshirwa mu ngiro.

8:10. “Umunezero w’Uhoraho” uva ku kuba tuzi ko dukeneye ivy’impwemu maze tukavyironsa, ukongera ukava no ku gukurikiza ubuyobozi bwa gitewokarasi. Ese ingene bihambaye rwose ko twiga Bibiliya n’umwete, tukitaba amakoraniro ya gikirisu tudahorereza, tukongera tukagira uruhara tubigiranye umwete mu gikorwa co kwamamaza Ubwami no guhindura abantu abigishwa!

11:2. Gusiga ishamvu umuntu yaba yararazwe akimukira i Yeruzalemu vyasaba ukwitanga no kwemera kutoroherwa mu bintu bimwebimwe. Abitanze bagakora ico kintu barerekanye ko bafise agatima ko kwitanga. Na twebwe turashobora kwerekana agatima nk’ako igihe habonetse uturyo two kwitanga kugira ngo dukorere abandi ku mahwaniro no ku bindi bihe.

12:31, 38, 40-42. Kuririmba ni uburyo bwiza bwo gushemeza Yehova no guserura ko tumukengurukira. Iyo turi ku mitororokano ya gikirisu, dukwiye kuririmba n’umutima wacu wose.

13:4-31. Dutegerezwa kuba maso ntitureke ngo ugukunda amaronko, ukwononekara be n’ubuhuni bigende bironona ubuzima bwacu.

13:22. Nehemiya yari azi neza ko yogize ico abazwa n’Imana. Na twebwe nyene turakeneye kumenya yuko tuzogira ico tubazwa na Yehova.

Birahambaye cane ko duhezagirwa na Yehova!

Umwanditsi wa Zaburi yaririmvye ati: “Uhoraho iy’atari we yubaka inzu abayubaka baba baruhira ubusa” (Zaburi 127:1). Ese ukuntu igitabu ca Nehemiya cerekana neza rwose ko ayo majambo ari ay’ukuri!

Icigwa tuhakura kiratomoye. Niba dushaka kuroranirwa mu gikorwa ico ari co cose tugomba gukora, dutegerezwa guhezagirwa na Yehova. Twoba vy’ukuri twokwitega ko Yehova aduhezagira mu gihe tudashira ugusenga kw’ukuri mu kibanza ca mbere mu buzima bwacu? Cokimwe na Nehemiya, nimuze rero ugusenga Yehova be n’ukuguteza imbere kibe co kintu twitwararika gusumba ibindi bintu.

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‘Umutima w’umwami ni nk’imigende y’amazi iri mu kuboko kwa Yehova’

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Nehemiya, umuntu afata ingingo w’umunyabikorwa kandi w’impuhwe, aje i Yeruzalemu

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Woba uzi ingene ‘basobanura’ Ijambo ry’Imana?