Igice cya mbere

Umuhanuzi wa kera watangaje ubutumwa buhereranye n’igihe cya none

Yesaya 1:1

1, 2. (a) Ni iyihe mimerere ibabaje tubona ku isi muri iki gihe? (b) Umudepite w’Umunyamerika yasobanuye ate inkeke yaterwaga n’ukononekara k’umuryango w’abantu?

NI NDE muntu muri iki gihe utifuza kuvanirwaho ibibazo byugarije abantu? Ariko kandi, akenshi ibyo twifuza ntitubibona. Twifuza cyane kubaho mu mahoro, nyamara tugashegeshwa n’intambara. Twifuza kuba mu gihugu kigendera ku mategeko kandi kirimo umutekano, ariko ntidushobora guhagarika ibikorwa by’ubujura, gufata abagore ku ngufu n’ubwicanyi bidasiba kwiyongera. Twifuza kwizera abaturanyi bacu, ariko tugomba kudadira inzugi zacu kugira ngo tugire uburinzi. Dukunda abana bacu kandi tugerageza kubacengezamo amahame mbwirizamuco aboneye, ariko akenshi batora ingeso mbi z’urungano rwabo tubirebera nta n’icyo twabikoraho.

² Dushobora kwemeranya na Yobu, we wavuze ko igihe gito umuntu arama kiba “cyuzuyemo umuruho” (Yobu 14:1). Ibyo ni ko biri cyane cyane muri iki gihe, kubera ko umuryango w’abantu ugenda wononekara mu rugero rutigeze rubaho mbere hose. Hari umudepite w’Umunyamerika wagize ati “ubu Amerika n’u Burusiya ntibikirebana ay’ingwe, ariko ikibabaje ni uko isi muri iki gihe yabaye nk’ubutaka burumbuka bweramo ibikorwa byo kwihorera n’ibya kinyamaswa bishingiye ku moko no ku idini. . . . Twapfobeje amahame mbwirizamuco atugenga ku buryo abenshi mu rubyiruko rwacu bibatera urujijo, bikabaca intege kandi bikabashyira mu kaga gakomeye. Twibonera umusaruro uturuka ku babyeyi batita ku nshingano zabo, gutana kw’abashakanye, konona abana, abangavu batwara inda z’indaro, abana bata ishuri, ibiyobyabwenge n’urugomo rukorerwa mu mihanda. Bisa n’aho inzu yacu ubu iribwa n’umuswa, nyuma y’aho imariye kurokoka umutingito ukomeye twita intambara yo kurebana igitsure hagati ya Amerika n’u Burusiya.”

3. Ni ikihe gitabo cya Bibiliya mu buryo bwihariye gitanga ibyiringiro by’igihe kizaza?

³ Ariko kandi, dufite ibyiringiro. Hashize imyaka igera ku 2.700 Imana ihumekeye umugabo wo mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati kugira ngo atangaze ubuhanuzi bufite ibisobanuro byihariye bihereranye n’igihe cyacu. Ubwo butumwa bwanditswe mu gitabo cya Bibiliya cyitiriwe uwo muhanuzi, ari we Yesaya. Yesaya yari muntu ki, kandi se, kuki dushobora kuvuga ko ubuhanuzi bwe, bumaze imyaka igera ku bihumbi bitatu bwanditswe, butanga umucyo ku bantu bose muri iki gihe?

Umugabo w’umukiranutsi wabayeho mu bihe by’imivurungano

4. Yesaya yari muntu ki, kandi se, ni ryari yari umuhanuzi wa Yehova?

⁴ Yesaya yivuze ku murongo wa mbere w’igitabo cye ko yari “mwene Amosi,”a kandi atubwira ko yabaye umuhanuzi w’Imana “ku ngoma ya Uziya no ku ya Yotamu no ku ya Ahazi no ku ya Hezekiya, abami b’Abayuda” (Yesaya 1:1). Ibyo bishaka kuvuga ko Yesaya yakomeje kuba umuhanuzi w’Imana ahanurira ishyanga ry’Abayahudi mu gihe cy’imyaka igera nibura kuri 46, akaba ashobora kuba yaratangiye ku iherezo ry’ingoma ya Uziya, ahagana mu mwaka wa 778 M.I.C.b

5, 6. Ibintu bigomba kuba byari bimeze bite mu muryango wa Yesaya, kandi kuki?

⁵ Ibyo tuzi ku mibereho ya Yesaya ni bike cyane, ugereranyije n’ibyo tuzi ku bandi bahanuzi. Tuzi ko yari yarashatse kandi ko yitaga umugore we ‘umuhanuzikazi’ (Yesaya 8:3). Dukurikije uko bivugwa mu gitabo cyanditswe na McClintock na Strong, kuba Yesaya yaritaga umugore we umuhanuzikazi bigaragaza ko imibereho yo mu rugo rwe “itari ihuje gusa n’umurimo yakoraga, ko ahubwo rwose yari inafitanye isano rya bugufi na wo” (Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological, and Ecclesiastical Literature). Birashoboka ko umugore wa Yesaya na we yari afite inshingano ye bwite yo guhanura, kimwe n’abandi bagore bo muri Isirayeli ya kera bubahaga Imana.—Abacamanza 4:4; 2 Abami 22:14.

⁶ Yesaya yabyaranye n’umugore we abahungu nibura babiri, bose bakaba bariswe amazina afite ibisobanuro bishingiye ku buhanuzi. Umwana wabo w’imfura, ari we Sheyariyashubu, yaherekeje Yesaya agiye kubwira Ahazi Umwami w’umugome ubutumwa bwari buturutse ku Mana (Yesaya 7:3). Uko bigaragara, Yesaya n’umugore we bashyiraga ibyo kuyoboka Imana mu mwanya wa mbere mu muryango wabo, urwo rukaba ari urugero rwiza ku bagabo n’abagore bashyingiranywe muri iki gihe.

7. Vuga imimerere yarangwaga i Buyuda mu gihe cya Yesaya.

⁷ Yesaya n’umuryango we babayeho mu gihe cy’imivurungano cyaranze amateka y’u Buyuda. Imyivumbagatanyo ishingiye kuri politiki yari yogeye hose, inkiko zari zaramunzwe na ruswa, n’uburyarya bwari bwose mu idini ryo muri icyo gihe. Mu mpinga z’imisozi hari hazimagiye ibicaniro by’imana z’ibinyoma. Ndetse no mu bami hari bamwe bashyigikiraga ugusenga kw’ikinyoma. Dufashe urugero nka Ahazi, ntiyihanganiye gusa ko abaturage be basenga ibigirwamana, ahubwo na we ubwe yarabisengaga, abana yibyariye ‘akabacisha mu muriro’ mu muhango wo gutambira igitambo Moleki, imana y’Abanyakanaani (2 Abami 16:3, 4; 2 Ngoma 28:3, 4).c Ibyo byose kandi byakorwaga n’ubwoko bwari bwaragiranye isezerano na Yehova!—Kuva 19:5-8.

8. (a) Ni uruhe rugero Abami nka Uziya na Yotamu batanze, kandi se, abantu baba barabakurikije? (b) Ni gute Yesaya yagaragaje ubushizi bw’amanga mu bantu b’ibyigomeke?

⁸ Igishimishije ni uko hari ababayeho mu gihe cya Yesaya, hakubiyemo n’abayobozi bake, bagerageje guteza imbere ugusenga k’ukuri. Umwe muri bo ni Umwami Uziya, wakoze “ibishimwa imbere y’Uwiteka.” Ariko kandi, ku ngoma ye abantu bari “bagitamba ibitambo, bakosereza imibavu mu ngoro” (2 Abami 15:3, 4). Umwami Yotamu na we ‘yakoze ibishimwa n’Uwiteka.’ Ariko ‘abantu bagumye gukiranirwa’ (2 Ngoma 27:2). Ni koko, mu gihe hafi ya cyose Yesaya yamaze ari umuhanuzi, ubwami bwa Yuda bwari mu mimerere ibabaje yo mu buryo bw’umwuka no mu by’umuco. Muri rusange, abantu birengagizaga ibyiza byose abami babo bakoraga. Birumvikana rero ko bitari byoroshye kugeza kuri abo bantu b’ibyigomeke ubutumwa bw’Imana. Ariko kandi, igihe Yehova yabazaga ati “ndatuma nde, ni nde watugendera?,” Yesaya ntiyigeze ajijinganya. Yagize ati “ni jye: ba ari jye utuma.”—Yesaya 6:8.

Ubutumwa bw’agakiza

9. Izina Yesaya risobanura iki, kandi se, rihuriye he n’igitekerezo rusange kigenda kigaruka mu gitabo cye?

⁹ Izina rya Yesaya risobanurwa ngo “Agakiza ka Yehova,” kandi dushobora kuvuga ko icyo ari cyo gitekerezo rusange kigenda kigaruka mu butumwa bwe. Ni iby’ukuri ko bumwe mu buhanuzi bwa Yesaya buvuga ibihereranye n’urubanza. Ariko kandi, igitekerezo cy’agakiza ni cyo cyigaragaza cyane. Incuro nyinshi, Yesaya yavuze ukuntu mu gihe cyagenwe, Yehova yari kuzabohora Abisirayeli akabavana mu bunyage bwa Babuloni, abasigaye bagasubira i Siyoni maze bakagarurira icyo gihugu ubwiza cyahoranye. Nta gushidikanya, inshingano Yesaya yahawe yo kuvuga no kwandika ubuhanuzi buhereranye n’uko Yerusalemu yakundaga yari gusubizwa mu mimerere yahozemo, yamubereye isoko y’ibyishimo byinshi!

10, 11. (a) Kuki igitabo cya Yesaya kidushishikaza muri iki gihe? (b) Ni gute igitabo cya Yesaya cyerekeza ibitekerezo kuri Mesiya?

¹⁰ Ariko se, ubwo butumwa bw’urubanza n’agakiza buturebaho iki? Igishimishije ni uko Yesaya atahanuriye imiryango ibiri gusa y’ubwami bwa Yuda. Ahubwo ubutumwa bwe bufite ibisobanuro byihariye byerekeranye n’iki gihe turimo. Yesaya asobanura mu buryo buhebuje ukuntu vuba aha Ubwami bw’Imana buzazanira iyi si yacu imigisha myinshi. Kubera iyo mpamvu, igice kinini cy’inyandiko ya Yesaya cyibanda kuri Mesiya wari warahanuwe, wari kuzategeka ari Umwami w’Ubwami bw’Imana (Daniyeli 9:25; Yohana 12:41). Nta gushidikanya, kuba amazina ya Yesu na Yesaya yumvikanisha igitekerezo kimwe si ibintu byapfuye guhurirana, kubera ko izina Yesu risobanurwa ngo “Yehova ni we gakiza.”

¹¹ Birumvikana ariko ko Yesu yavutse hashize imyaka igera kuri magana arindwi nyuma y’igihe cya Yesaya. Ariko kandi, ubuhanuzi buhereranye na Mesiya bukubiye mu gitabo cya Yesaya buvuga ibintu mu buryo burambuye kandi buhuje n’ukuri, ku buryo wagira ngo bwanditswe n’umuntu wiboneye n’amaso ye ubuzima bwa Yesu igihe yari ku isi. Kubera iyo mpamvu, rimwe na rimwe igitabo cya Yesaya bacyita “Ivanjiri ya Gatanu.” Ku bw’ibyo, ntibitangaje kuba igitabo cya Yesaya ari cyo Yesu n’intumwa ze bakundaga gukoresha cyane kugira ngo bagaragaze neza Mesiya uwo ari we.

12. Kuki tugiye kwiga igitabo cya Yesaya tubishishikariye?

¹² Yesaya asobanura mu buryo buhebuje ibihereranye n’“ijuru rishya n’isi nshya,” aho ‘umwami azategekesha gukiranuka’ n’abatware be bagaca imanza zitabera (Yesaya 32:1, 2; 65:17, 18; 2 Petero 3:13). Bityo, igitabo cya Yesaya cyerekeza ku byiringiro bisusurutsa umutima by’Ubwami bw’Imana buzaba buyobowe n’Umwami wimitswe, Mesiya Yesu Kristo. Mbega ukuntu ibyo bidutera inkunga yo guhora dutegerezanyije ibyishimo “agakiza [ka Yehova]” (Yesaya 25:9; 40:28-31)! Nimucyo noneho dusuzume ubutumwa bw’agaciro kenshi buboneka mu gitabo cya Yesaya tubishishikariye. Ibyo bizatuma icyizere dufitiye amasezerano y’Imana kirushaho gukomera. Nanone bizatuma turushaho kwemera tudashidikanya ko mu by’ukuri Yehova ari we Mana y’agakiza kacu.

[Ibisobanuro ahagana hasi ku ipaji]

[Agasanduku/​Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 7]

Yesaya yari muntu ki?

ICYO IZINA RYE RISOBANURA: “Agakiza ka Yehova”

UMURYANGO WE: Yari yarashatse, anafite nibura abahungu babiri

AHO YARI ATUYE: I Yerusalemu

IMYAKA YAMAZE MU MURIMO: Nibura imyaka 46, kuva mu wa 778 M.I.C. kugeza nyuma y’umwaka wa 732 M.I.C.

ABAMI B’I BUYUDA BO MU GIHE CYE: Uziya, Yotamu, Ahazi, Hezekiya

ABAHANUZI BO MU GIHE CYE: Mika, Hoseya, Odedi

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 6]

Yesaya n’umugore we bashyiraga ibyo kuyoboka Imana mu mwanya wa mbere mu muryango wabo