Impamvu Ushobora Kwiringira Ubuhanuzi bwa Bibiliya

UMWAMI PYRRHUS w’ubwami bwa Epire bwo mu majyaruguru y’uburengerazuba bw’u Bugiriki, yari amaze igihe kirekire ashyamiranye n’Ubwami bw’Abaroma. Kubera ko yifuzaga cyane kubona ibisobanuro byiringirwa ku bihereranye n’uko ubwo bushyamirane bwari kuzarangira, yagiye kwiyambaza abapfumu b’i Delphi. Ariko igisubizo yahawe cyashoboraga kumvikana muri ubu buryo bubiri bukurikira: (1) “ndakubwira wowe mwene Æacus ko ushobora gutsinda Abaroma. Uzatabara utabaruke, ntuzigera na rimwe ugwa mu ntambara.” (2) “ndakubwira ko Abaroma bashobora kukunesha wowe mwene Æacus. Uzatabara, ntuzigera utabaruka, uzagwa mu ntambara.” Yahisemo kumva amagambo y’umupfumu mu buryo bwa mbere, maze ashoza intambara atera Abaroma. Pyrrhus yaratsinzwe mu buryo budasubirwaho.

Ibyo bintu byatumye ibintu abapfumu ba kera bavugaga bimenyekana cyane ko ari ibintu bidafututse kandi birimo urujijo. Ariko se bite ku bihereranye n’ubuhanuzi bwa Bibiliya? Hari abantu bamwe na bamwe bajora bemeza ko ubuhanuzi buboneka muri Bibiliya nta cyo burusha ibintu byagiye bivugwa n’abapfumu. Abo bantu bajora usanga bafindafinda bavuga ko ubuhanuzi bwo muri Bibiliya ari amagambo arangwa n’ubwenge bukomeye gusa, yavugaga mbere y’igihe ibintu byagombaga kuzabaho mu gihe kizaza, yavuzwe n’abantu b’abanyabwenge cyane kandi bareba kure mu buryo bukomeye, ubusanzwe bakaba barakomokaga mu itsinda ry’abatambyi. Bibwira ko binyuriye gusa ku bintu abo bantu babaga barabonye mu buzima, cyangwa se binyuriye ku masano yihariye bari bafitanye n’abandi bantu bihariye, babonye mbere y’igihe uko ibintu kamere bimwe na bimwe byari kuzagenda bibaho. Binyuriye mu kugereranya ibintu binyuranye biranga ubuhanuzi bwa Bibiliya n’ibyagiye bivugwa n’abo bapfumu, tuzarushaho kuba dufite ibidukwiriye byose, kugira ngo tugere ku myanzuro ikwiriye.

Aho Bitandukaniye

Ikintu cyarangaga amagambo yavugwaga n’abapfumu, ni ukuntu yarangwaga n’urujijo. Urugero, ibisubizo byatangirwaga i Delphi, byavugwaga mu ijwi ritumvikana. Ibyo byatumaga biba ngombwa ko abatambyi babisobanura, kandi hagakorwa interuro zishobora gusobanurwa mu buryo bunyuranye rwose. Urugero rw’ibyo, ni igisubizo Croesus, umwami w’i Lydia yahawe. Igihe yajyaga mu ngoro guhanuza, baramubwiye bati “Croesus niyambuka uruzi rwa Halys, azarimbura ubwami bukomeye.” Mu by’ukuri, ubwo ‘bwami bukomeye’ bwarimbuwe bwari ubwami bwe bwite! Igihe Croesus yambukaga uruzi Halys agiye kwigarurira Kapadokiya, yaneshejwe na Kuro w’Umuperesi.

Mu buryo butandukanye cyane n’ibyavugwaga n’abapfumu b’abapagani, ubuhanuzi bwa Bibiliya bwo buzwiho kuba buvuga ibintu bikabaho koko, kandi bikaba bisobanutse neza. Urugero rubigaragaza, ni ubuhanuzi buhereranye no kugwa kwa Babuloni, bwanditswe mu gitabo cya Bibiliya cya Yesaya. Imyaka igera kuri 200 mbere y’uko ibyo bintu biba, umuhanuzi Yesaya yahanuye mu buryo bunonosoye kandi buhuje n’ukuri ibihereranye n’ukuntu Babuloni yari kuzahirikwa n’ingabo z’Abamedi n’Abaperesi. Ubwo buhanuzi bwavuze ko uwari kuzatsinda ari uwitwa Kuro, kandi bwahishuye amayeri izo ngabo zari kuzakoresha, yo gukamya umugezi umeze nk’umugende munini warindaga umujyi, maze zikinjira muri uwo mujyi wari ugoteshejwe inkike zinyuze mu marembo yari kuba atugariwe. Ibyo byose byasohoye neza neza nk’uko byari byaravuzwe (Yesaya 44:27–45:2). Nanone kandi, mu buryo buhuje n’ukuri, byari byarahanuwe ko amaherezo Babuloni yari kuzahinduka umusaka mu buryo bwuzuye, ntiyongere guturwa ukundi.​—Yesaya 13:17-22.

Reka nanone dusuzume ukuntu umuburo watanzwe n’umuhanuzi Yona wari usobanutse neza: yagize ati “hasigaye iminsi mirongo ine, Nineve hakarimbuka” (Yona 3:4). Aha ngaha nta kintu cy’urujijo kirimo! Ubwo butumwa bwari bushishikaje cyane kandi budaca ku ruhande, ku buryo abantu b’i Nineve bahise “bemera Imana, bamamaza itegeko ryo kwiyiriza ubusa, bose bambara ibigunira.” Kubera ko bari bihannye, byatumye icyo gihe Yehova adateza ibyago abaturage b’i Nineve.​—Yona 3:5-10.

Amagambo y’abapfumu yakoreshwaga mu gucengeza ibitekerezo byo mu rwego rwa politiki. Akenshi, abategetsi n’abayobozi b’ingabo berekezaga ku magambo babaga bikundiye kugira ngo bateze imbere inyungu zabo n’imishinga yabo bwite, bityo ayo magambo “bakayitirira ko akomoka ku Mana.” Icyakora, ubutumwa bukubiye mu buhanuzi bw’Imana bwo bwagiye butangwa butitaye ku cyubahiro cy’umuntu uwo ari we wese.

Dufate urugero: umuhanuzi wa Yehova witwaga Natani ntiyatinye gucyaha Umwami Dawidi wari wakoze icyaha (2 Samweli 12:1-12). Ku ngoma ya Yerobowamu wa II wategekaga ubwami bw’Isirayeli bwari bugizwe n’imiryango cumi, abahanuzi Hoseya na Amosi banenze mu buryo bukomeye umwami w’icyigomeke hamwe n’abari bamushyigikiye, bitewe n’ubuhakanyi bwabo hamwe n’imyifatire yabo yo kutubaha Imana (Hoseya 5:1-7; Amosi 2:6-8). Icyari gikomeye mu buryo bwihariye, ni umuburo Yehova yahaye umwami binyuriye ku muhanuzi Amosi agira ati “nzahagurukira inzu ya Yerobowamu nitwaje inkota” (Amosi 7:9). Ab’inzu ya Yerobowamu bose baratsembwe.​—1 Abami 15:25-30; 2 Ngoma 13:20.

Akenshi, abapfumu bagiraga icyo bavuga ari uko bahawe ikiguzi runaka. Umuntu wishyuraga byinshi kurusha abandi, yahanurirwaga ibyo akunda. Abajya mu ngoro z’i Delphi kugira icyo babaza, babwirwaga ibintu bidafite akamaro kandi bakishyura ibintu byinshi cyane, bityo mu ngoro ya Apollo hamwe no mu zindi nzu z’inyongera bakuzuzamo ubutunzi bwinshi. Mu buryo bunyuranye n’ubwo, ubuhanuzi bwa Bibiliya hamwe n’imiburo ikubiyemo byatangwaga nta kiguzi, kandi nta kurobanura ku butoni uko ari ko kose. Ibyo ni ko byagendaga, nta kwita ku mwanya w’umuntu byabaga byerekezaho cyangwa ubutunzi bwe, kubera ko umuhanuzi w’ukuri atashoboraga kwakira ruswa. Umuhanuzi Samweli akaba yari n’umucamanza, yashoboraga kubaza nta buryarya ati “ni nde natse impongano ikampuma amaso?”​—1 Samweli 12:3.

Kubera ko amagambo y’abapfumu yabonekaga gusa ahantu runaka hazwi, umuntu yagombaga gushyiraho imihati ikomeye akajyayo, kugira ngo ashobore kuyumva. Ahenshi byari bikomeye cyane kugira ngo umuntu usanzwe agereyo, kubera ko hari haherereye mu turere runaka, urugero nka Dodona ku Musozi Tomarus muri Epire n’i Delphi mu karere k’imisozi iri mu Bugiriki rwagati. Ubusanzwe, abakire hamwe n’abantu bakomeye ni bo bonyine bashoboraga kugira icyo babaza imana muri izo ngoro. Byongeye kandi, “ibyo imana zabaga zishaka” byahishurwaga mu gihe cy’iminsi mike gusa mu mwaka wose. Mu buryo buhabanye cyane rwose n’ibyo, Yehova Imana yoherezaga intumwa ze z’abahanuzi zigasanga abaturage, kugira ngo zibatangarize ubuhanuzi babaga bagomba kumva. Urugero, mu gihe Abayahudi bari barajyanywe mu bunyage i Babuloni, Imana yari ifite nibura abahanuzi batatu bakoreraga mu bwoko bwayo​—Yeremiya yari i Yerusalemu, Ezekiyeli yari kumwe n’abagiye mu bunyage, naho Daniyeli yari mu murwa mukuru w’Ubwami bwa Babuloni.​—Yeremiya 1:1, 2; Ezekiyeli 1:1; Daniyeli 2:48.

Muri rusange, amagambo y’abapfumu yavugirwaga mu bwiru, ku buryo umuntu wabaga arimo ayumva yashoboraga gukoresha ibisobanuro byayo kugira ngo ateze imbere inyungu ze bwite. Mu buryo bunyuranye n’ibyo, incuro nyinshi ubuhanuzi bwa Bibiliya bwatangirwaga mu ruhame kugira ngo abantu bose bumve ubutumwa bukubiyemo kandi basobanukirwe icyo busobanura. Incuro nyinshi, umuhanuzi Yeremiya yavugiraga mu ruhame i Yerusalemu, n’ubwo yari azi ko abayobozi hamwe n’abaturage b’uwo mujyi batishimiraga ubutumwa bwe.​—Yeremiya 7:1, 2.

Muri iki gihe, abantu babona ko amagambo y’abapfumu ari kimwe mu bigize amateka ashaje. Nta kamaro gafatika agifite ku bantu bariho muri ibi bihe biruhije turimo. Nta na rimwe muri ayo magambo y’abapfumu avuga ibirebana n’igihe turimo cyangwa ibihereranye n’imibereho yacu yo mu gihe kizaza. Mu buryo butandukanye cyane n’ibyo, ubuhanuzi bwa Bibiliya ni bumwe mu bigize ‘ijambo ry’Imana rizima, kandi rifite imbaraga’ (Abaheburayo 4:12). Ubuhanuzi bwa Bibiliya bwamaze gusohora, buduha icyitegererezo cy’imishyikirano Yehova agirana n’abantu, kandi bihishura ibintu by’ingenzi bihereranye n’imigambi ye hamwe na kamere ye. Byongeye kandi, hari ubuhanuzi bwa Bibiliya bw’ingenzi cyane dutegereje ko buzasohora mu gihe cya vuba aha. Mu gihe intumwa Petero yasobanuraga ibyo igihe kizaza gihatse, yanditse igira iti “nk’uko [Imana] yasezeranije, dutegereje ijuru rishya [Ubwami bwa Kimesiya bwo mu ijuru] n’isi nshya [umuryango w’abantu bakiranuka], ibyo gukiranuka kuzabamo.”​—2 Petero 3:13.

Iri gereranya rigufi dukoze ry’ubuhanuzi bwa Bibiliya n’amagambo y’ibinyoma yo mu rwego rw’idini yavugwaga n’abapfumu, rishobora rwose kukugeza ku mwanzuro umeze nk’uvugwa mu gitabo cyitwa The Great Ideas: umwanzuro ugira uti “mu rugero abantu bapfa bashobora kumenyamo ibizaba mbere y’igihe, abahanuzi b’Abaheburayo basa n’aho bihariye. Mu buryo bunyuranye n’uko bimeze ku bapfumu b’abapagani, cyangwa abiyita ko bavuga ukuri, . . . ntibakenera gukoresha ubugenge cyangwa ibikoresho runaka byo kubafasha gucengera amabanga y’Imana. . . . Akenshi, mu buryo bunyuranye n’uko bimeze kuri abo bapfumu, usanga amagambo y’ubuhanuzi bwabo asa n’atarimo ibintu by’urujijo. Usanga nibura intego iba isa n’aho ari iyo guhishura ibihereranye n’umugambi w’Imana ku bintu runaka aho kubihisha, kubera ko na Yo Ubwayo iba yifuza ko abantu babona mbere y’igihe ibyo Imana igiye gukora.”

Mbese, Uziringira Ubuhanuzi bwa Bibiliya?

Ushobora kwiringira ubuhanuzi bwa Bibiliya. Koko rero, ushobora gushingira imibereho yawe kuri Yehova no ku isohozwa ry’ijambo rye ry’ubuhanuzi. Ubuhanuzi bwa Bibiliya si inkuru ishaje itagifite akamaro; bukubiyemo ibintu byamaze gusohora. Ubuhanuzi bwinshi buboneka mu Byanditswe ubu burimo burasohora, cyangwa se butegereje kuzasohora mu gihe cya vuba aha. Duhereye ku byabaye mu gihe cyahise, dushobora kwiringira mu buryo bwuzuye ko na bwo buzasohora. Kubera ko ubwo buhanuzi bwibanda ku gihe cyacu kandi bukaba bufitanye isano n’imibereho yacu yo mu gihe kizaza cya vuba aha cyane, byaba byiza tubufatanye uburemere.

Mu by’ukuri, ushobora kwiringira ubuhanuzi bwa Bibiliya buboneka muri Yesaya 2:2, 3, bugira buti “mu minsi y’imperuka umusozi wubatsweho inzu y’Uwiteka uzakomerezwa mu mpinga z’imisozi . . . Amahanga menshi azahaguruka, avuge ati ‘nimuze tuzamuke tujye ku musozi w’Uwiteka, . . . kugira ngo [a]tuyobore inzira [ze], tuzigenderemo.’ ” Koko rero, muri iki gihe abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni barimo barayoboka gahunda yo mu rwego rwo hejuru yo gusenga Yehova, kandi barimo baritoza kugendera mu nzira ze. Mbese, uzakoresha uburyo buboneka kugira ngo umenye byinshi kurushaho mu bihereranye n’inzira z’Imana kandi ukomeze kugenda wunguka ubumenyi nyakuri ku byerekeranye na yo hamwe n’imigambi yayo, kugira ngo ugendere mu nzira zayo?​—Yohana 17:3.

Isohozwa ry’ubundi buhanuzi bwa Bibiliya, risaba ko ku ruhande rwacu tugira icyo dukora mu buryo bwihutirwa. Ku birebana n’igihe kizaza mu minsi ya vuba aha, umwanditsi wa Zaburi yaririmbye mu buryo bw’ubuhanuzi agira ati “abakora ibyaha bazarimburwa . . . hazabaho igihe gito, umunyabyaha ntabeho” (Zaburi 37:9, 10). Mbese, utekereza ko umuntu agomba gukora iki kugira ngo yirinde kuzagerwaho n’irimbuka ry’ababi ryegereje, hakubiyemo n’abakerensa ubuhanuzi bwa Bibiliya? Iyo Zaburi ikomeza itanga igisubizo igira iti “abategereza Uwiteka [“Yehova,” NW ] ni bo bazaragwa igihugu (Zaburi 37:9). Gutegereza Yehova bisobanura kwiringira amasezerano ye byimazeyo, no guhuza imibereho yacu n’amahame ye.​—Imigani 2:21, 22.

Ni gute ubuzima buzaba bumeze mu gihe abategereza Yehova bazaba barazwe isi? Nanone ubuhanuzi bwa Bibiliya buhishura ko abantu bumvira bahishiwe imibereho y’igihe kizaza y’agahebuzo. Umuhanuzi Yesaya yanditse agira ati “icyo gihe impumyi zizahumurwa, n’ibipfamatwi bizaziburwa. Icyo gihe ikirema kizasimbuka nk’impara, ururimi rw’ikiragi ruzaririmba: kuko amazi azadudubiriza mu butayu, imigezi igatembera mu kidaturwa” (Yesaya 35:5, 6). Intumwa Yohana yanditse aya magambo atanga icyizere, agira ati “[Yehova a]zahanagura amarira yose ku maso yabo, kandi urupfu ntiruzabaho ukundi, kandi umuborogo cyangwa gutaka cyangwa kuribwa ntibizabaho ukundi: kuko ibya mbere bishize. Iyicaye kuri ya ntebe iravuga iti . . . Andika, kuko ayo magambo ari ayo kwizerwa n’ay’ukuri.’ ”​—Ibyahishuwe 21:4, 5.

Abahamya ba Yehova bazi ko Bibiliya ari igitabo gikubiyemo ubuhanuzi bwiringirwa. Kandi bemeranya mu buryo bwuzuye n’inama y’intumwa Petero igira iti “dufite ijambo ryahanuwe, rirushaho gukomera, kandi muzaba mukoze neza, nimuryitaho, kuko rimeze nk’itabaza rimurikira ahacuze umwijima, rigakesha ijoro, rikageza aho inyenyeri yo mu ruturuturu izabandurira mu mitima yanyu” (2 Petero 1:19). Twiringiye tubivanye ku mutima ko uzaterwa inkunga n’ibyiringiro bihebuje ubuhanuzi bwa Bibiliya buduha ku bihereranye n’igihe kizaza!

[Agasanduku/​Amafoto yo ku ipaji ya 6]

INGORO Y’I DELPHI ni yo yari yaramamaye kurusha izindi zose zo mu Bugiriki bwa kera.

Imyuka isindisha yatumaga uwo mutambyi w’umugore asagwa n’umunezero mwinshi

[Amafoto]

Umutambyi w’umugore yicaraga ku gatebe k’amaguru atatu, maze akavuga indagu ze

Batekerezaga ko amagambo yavugaga yabaga akubiyemo ibyo imana Apollo yabaga yahishuye

[Aho amafoto yavuye]

Agatebe k’amaguru atatu: Byavuye mu gitabo cyitwa Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities; Apollo: The Complete Encyclopedia of Illustration/J. G. Heck

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 7]

Ubuhanuzi bwatangirwaga mu ngoro y’i Delphi bwari ibinyoma bisa

[Aho ifoto yavuye]

Delphi, ho mu Bugiriki

[Amafoto yo ku ipaji ya 8]

Ushobora kwiringira mu buryo bwuzuye ubuhanuzi bwa Bibiliya buhereranye n’isi nshya