Igihugu cy’Abakurambere
IGIHE Sitefano yatangaga disikuru ye itazibagirana, yatangiye avuga amazina y’uturere twari tuzwi. Yagize ati “[Imana] yabonekeye sogokuruza Aburahamu ari i Mesopotamiya ataratura i Harani, iramubwira iti ‘va mu gihugu cyanyu . . . ujye mu gihugu nzakwereka.’” (Ibyk 7:1-4). Iryo tegeko ryabaye imbarutso y’ibintu bikomeye byari bigiye kuzabera mu Gihugu cy’Isezerano, Aburahamu, Isaka na Yakobo bakabigiramo uruhare. Ibyo bintu byari bifitanye isano n’umugambi w’Imana wo guha umugisha abantu.—It 12:1-3; Ys 24:3.
Imana yahamagaye Aburahamu (cyangwa Aburamu), imusaba kuva mu mujyi wa Uri y’Abakaludaya, icyo gihe wari umujyi wateye imbere wari ku nkombe y’iburasirazuba bw’Uruzi rwa Ufurate. Aburahamu yari kwerekeza he avuye mu gihugu cy’Abakaludaya, nanone cyitwaga Shinari? Umuntu ashobora gutekereza ko byari kurushaho kumworohera iyo aza guhita yerekeza iburengerazuba. None se, kuki yahisemo kwerekeza i Harani mu majyaruguru?
Uri iherereye iburasirazuba bw’akarere karumbuka cyane, gahera muri Palesitina kagafata ruguru mu bibaya by’Uruzi rwa Tigre na Ufurate. Ako karere gashobora kuba kararangwaga n’ikirere cy’imberabyombi. Ahagana hepfo y’ako karere karumbuka cyane, hari ubutayu bwa Siriya na Arabiya, bugizwe n’udusozi tw’ishwagara n’ibibaya by’umusenyi. Hari igitabo kivuga ko ubwo butayu bwari “urukuta rutamenerwamo” hagati y’inkengero za Mediterane n’akarere ka Mezopotamiya (The Encyclopædia Britannica). Hari abacuruzi bajyaga bambuka ubwo butayu baturutse ku Ruzi rwa Ufurate, bagahinguka i Tadumori, hanyuma bakerekeza i Damasiko. Icyakora, Aburahamu we yanze kunyuza umuryango we n’amatungo ye muri ubwo butayu.
Ahubwo, Aburahamu we yakurikiye ikibaya cy’Uruzi rwa Ufurate, agera i Harani. Ahageze, yashoboraga gufata umuhanda w’abacuruzi akagera ku cyambu cy’i Karikemeshi, hanyuma akamanuka akanyura i Damasiko akagera ku Nyanja ya Galilaya. Iyo nzira, ari na yo bita “Inzira yo ku Nyanja,” yarakomezaga ikanyura i Megido ikagera muri Egiputa. Nyamara, Aburahamu we yinyuriye mu misozi y’i Samariya, maze amaherezo aza gukambika i Shekemu. Nyuma y’igihe, Aburahamu yakomeje kwerekeza iy’amajyepfo, anyura muri iyo nzira yo mu misozi. Mu gihe usoma mu Itangiriro 12:8–13:4, reba ku ikarita ahantu yagiye anyura maze muse n’abajyana. Genda ureba n’utundi turere dutandukanye yagiye anyuramo, urugero nka Dani, Damasiko, Hoba, Mamure, Sodomu, Gerari, Berisheba na Moriya (Yerusalemu).—It 14:14-16; 18:1-16; 20:1-18; 21:25-34; 22:1-19.
Gusobanukirwa imiterere y’uturere bifasha umuntu kurushaho gusobanukirwa ibintu byagiye biba mu mibereho ya Isaka na Yakobo. Urugero, igihe Aburahamu yari akiri i Berisheba, waba uzi aho yohereje umugaragu we ngo ajye gushakira Isaka umugore? Sa n’uzamuka werekeza muri Mezopotamiya (izina risobanurwa ngo “Igihugu gikikijwe n’inzuzi”), ujye ahitwa i Padanaramu. Noneho ugerageze kwiyumvisha urugendo ruruhije Rebeka yagenze ku ngamiya akagera ahitwa i Negebu, hashobora kuba hari hafi y’i Kadeshi, ajya gusanganira Isaka.—It 24:10, 62-64.
Hashize igihe, umuhungu wabo, ari we Yakobo (Isirayeli), na we yakoze urugendo nk’urwo ajya gushaka umugore wasengaga Yehova. Icyakora, mu kugaruka mu gihugu cy’iwabo, Yakobo yanyuze indi nzira. Amaze kwambuka akagezi ka Yaboki, kanyuraga hafi y’i Penuweli, ni bwo yaje guhura na wa mumarayika bakiranye (It 31:21-25; 32:3, 23-31). Aho ni ho Esawu yamusanze, hanyuma buri wese ajya gutura ukwe.—It 33:1, 15-20.
Dina, umukobwa wa Yakobo, amaze gufatirwa ku ngufu i Shekemu, Yakobo yimukiye i Beteli. Ariko se, waba ubona uko ahantu abahungu ba Yakobo bajyaga kuragira, ari na ho Yozefu yaje kubasanga, hareshyaga? Iyi karita hamwe n’iboneka ku ipaji ya 18 n’iya 19, zishobora kugufasha kubona uko kuva i Beteli kugera i Dotani hareshyaga (It 35:1-8; 37:12-17). Bene se wa Yozefu bamugurishije abacuruzi bajyaga muri Egiputa. Utekereza ko banyuze he, muri urwo rugendo rwari rugiye kuzagira uruhare mu gutuma Abisirayeli bimukira muri Egiputa kandi hanyuma bakazavayo?—It 37:25-28.
[Amakarita yo ku ipaji ya 7]
(Niba wifuza kureba uko bimeze, reba mu gatabo)
Ingendo za Aburahamu (Reba mu gatabo)
Ingendo za Isaka (Reba mu gatabo)
Ingendo za Yakobo (Reba mu gatabo)
Imihanda y’ingenzi (Reba mu gatabo)
Igihugu cy’isezerano
A4 GOSHENI
A5 EGIPUTA
B4 SHURI
B5 PARANI
C3 Damasiko
C3 Dani (Layishi)
c4 Shekemu
C4 Beteli
C4 Heburoni (Kiriyataruba)
C4 Gerari
C4 SEYIRI
C4 Bērisheba
C4 Kadeshi
C5 EDOMU
D1 Karikemeshi
D2 Tadumori
D3 Hoba
E1 PADANARAMU
E1 Harani
F2 MESOPOTAMIYA
G1 Nineve
G2 AKARERE KARUMBUKA CYANE
G3 Babuloni
H4 U BUKALUDAYA
H4 Uri
[Imisozi]
C4 Moriya
[Inyanja]
B3 Inyanja ya Mediterane (Inyanja Nini)
[Inzuzi]
E2 Ufurate
G2 Tigre
Abakurambere (mu Gihugu cy’Isezerano)
KANAANI
Megido
GALEYADI
Dotani
Shekemu
Sukoti
Mahanayimu
Penuweli
Beteli (Luzi)
Ayi
Yerusalemu (Salemu)
Betelehemu (Efurata)
Mamure
Heburoni (Makipela)
Gerari
Berisheba
Sodomu?
NEGEBU
Rehoboti?
Iriba rya Lahayiroyi
Kadeshi
Imihanda y’ingenzi
Inzira yo ku Nyanja
Inzira y’Umwami
[Imisozi]
Moriya
[Inyanja]
Inyanja y’Umunyu
[Inzuzi n’imigezi]
Yaboki
Yorodani
[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 6]
Uruzi rwa Ufurate runyura hafi y’i Babuloni
[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 6]
Aburahamu yatuye i Bērisheba, akajya aragira umukumbi mu nkengero zaho
[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 6]
Igikombe cya Yaboki