Amasomo tuvana ku buhanuzi Yakobo yavuze ari hafi gupfa—Igice cya 1

1-2. Ni iki Yakobo yakoze mbere y’uko apfa, kandi se yabitewe n’iki? (Reba n’ifoto .)

IGIHE Yakobo yari ashaje cyane, we n’abagize umuryango we bakoze urugendo bava i Kanani bajya muri Egiputa. Yamaze muri Egiputa imyaka 17 akorera Yehova mu budahemuka (Intang. 47:28). Muri icyo gihe, yishimiye kongera kubona umuhungu we Yozefu yakundaga cyane, no kuba umuryango we wose wari wongeye guhura. Ariko igihe cyarageze Yakobo yumva ko ari hafi gupfa, maze atumaho abahungu be bose kuko hari ikintu cy’ingenzi yashakaga kubabwira.—Intang. 49:28.

² Muri ibyo bihe, byari bisanzwe ko iyo umutware w’umuryango yabaga agiye gupfa, yatumagaho ababaga bagize umuryango we, kugira ngo abahe amabwiriza y’uko ibintu bizagenda amaze gupfa (Yes. 38:1). Birashoboka ko icyo gihe ari na bwo yavugaga uwari kuzamusimbura akaba umutware w’umuryango.

3. Kuki amagambo Yakobo yavuze dusanga mu Ntangiriro 49:1, 2, yari yihariye?

³ Soma mu Ntangiriro 49:1, 2. Icyakora, ibyo Yakobo yavuze igihe abahungu be bari bateraniye hamwe, byari ibintu bidasanzwe. Yavuze ibintu by’ubuhanuzi byari kuzaba. Yehova yaramufashije abwira abahungu be ibintu by’ingenzi byari kuzababaho, bikaba no ku bari kuzabakomokaho. Iyo ni yo mpamvu ibyo Yakobo yavuze mbere y’uko apfa hari ababyita ubuhanuzi.

4. Ni ibiki Yakobo yavuze ari hafi gupfa, kandi se kubisuzuma byatumarira iki? (Reba n’imbonerahamwe ifite umutwe uvuga ngo: “Umuryango wa Yakobo.”)

⁴ Muri iki gice, tugiye gusuzuma ibyo Yakobo yabwiye abahungu be bane, ari bo Rubeni, Simeyoni, Lewi na Yuda. Mu gice gikurikiraho, tuzasuzuma ibyo yabwiye abandi bahungu be umunani. Nk’uko turi bubibone, Yakobo yavuze ibyari kuzaba ku bahungu be n’abari kuzabakomokaho. Abo ni bo nyuma baje kwitwa Abisirayeli. Gusuzuma amateka y’Abisirayeli bizatuma tubona ukuntu ibyo Yakobo yavuze muri ubwo buhanuzi byabaye. Nanone bizatuma tumenya amasomo y’ingenzi yadufasha gushimisha Yehova, Papa wacu wo mu ijuru.

RUBENI

5. Rubeni ashobora kuba yaratekerezaga ko papa we yari bumuhe iki?

⁵ Yakobo yatangiriye kuri Rubeni, aramubwira ati: “Uri imfura yanjye” (Intang. 49:3). Rubeni ashobora kuba yaratekerezaga ko papa wabo yari bumuhe umurage ukubye kabiri uw’abandi bavandimwe be, kubera ko yari umwana w’imfura. Nanone ashobora kuba yarumvaga ko ari we wari kuzaba umutware w’umuryango papa wabo amaze gupfa, kandi ko mu bari kuzamukomokaho, ari ho hari kuzajya hava umuntu uyobora abandi Bisirayeli.

6. Ni iki cyatumye Rubeni atakaza uburenganzira bwahabwaga umwana w’imfura? (Intangiriro 49:3, 4)

⁶ Icyakora Rubeni ntiyahawe uburenganzira bwahabwaga umwana w’imfura (1 Ngoma 5:1). Kubera iki? Ni ukubera ko hashize igihe Rasheli apfuye, Rubeni yaryamanye n’umuja wa Rasheli witwaga Biluha. Rasheli yari yarahaye Yakobo uwo muja we ngo amubere umugore (Intang. 35:19, 22). None se, ni iki gishobora kuba cyaratumye Rubeni aryamana na Biluha? Rubeni yari umuhungu wa Leya mukuru wa Rasheli. Ubwo rero, Rubeni ashobora kuba yararyamanye na Biluha agira ngo Yakobo amwange, arusheho gukunda mama we Leya. Nanone Rubeni ashobora kuba yarakunze Biluha akananirwa kwifata, akaryamana na we. Icyaba cyarabiteye cyose, ibyo Rubeni yakoze ntibyashimishije Yehova na papa we.—Soma mu Ntangiriro 49:3, 4.

7. Ni iki cyabaye kuri Rubeni n’abamukomotseho? (Reba n’agasanduku gafite umutwe uvuga ngo: “Amagambo y’ubuhanuzi Yakobo yavuze ari hafi gupfa.”)

⁷ Yakobo yabwiye Rubeni ati: “Ntukagire ubutware.” Kandi uko ni ko byagenze. Nta hantu na hamwe muri Bibiliya havuga ko hari umuntu wo mu muryango wa Rubeni wigeze aba umwami, umutambyi cyangwa umuhanuzi. Ariko ibyo ntibyabujije Yakobo guha Rubeni umurage kandi abamukomotseho babaye umwe mu miryango ya Isirayeli (Yos. 12:6). Rubeni yari yaragiye agaragaza imico myiza kandi nta n’ikigaragaza ko yongeye gukora icyaha cy’ubusambanyi.—Intang. 37:20-22; 42:37.

8. Ibyabaye kuri Rubeni bitwigisha iki?

⁸ Icyo bitwigisha. Tugomba gukora uko dushoboye kose tukagira umuco wo kumenya kwifata kandi tukirinda icyaha cy’ubusambanyi. Mu gihe duhanganye n’igishuko cyatuma dukora icyaha, tuba dukwiriye gufata akanya tukabanza gutekereza uko ibyo tuzakora bizababaza Yehova, abagize umuryango wacu n’abandi. Tugomba no kwibuka ko ‘ibyo umuntu atera ari byo asarura’ (Gal. 6:7). Ariko nanone ibyabaye kuri Rubeni bitwibutsa ko Yehova agira imbabazi. Nubwo Yehova ataturinda ingaruka z’amakosa twakoze, iyo twihannye tugakora uko dushoboye ngo dukore ibyiza, aratubabarira kandi akaduha imigisha.

SIMEYONI NA LEWI

9. Ibyo Yakobo yabwiye Simeyoni na Lewi, yabitewe n’iki? (Intangiriro 49:5-7)

⁹ Soma mu Ntangiriro 49:5-7. Hanyuma Yakobo yavugishije Simeyoni na Lewi. Icyakora amagambo yavuze yagaragazaga ko bigeze gukora ibintu bitamushimishije. Mu myaka runaka mbere yaho, umugabo w’Umunyakanani witwaga Shekemu yari yarafashe ku ngufu umukobwa wa Yakobo witwaga Dina. Birumvikana ko abahungu ba Yakobo bose bababajwe n’ibyo bintu byabaye kuri mushiki wabo Dina. Icyakora Simeyoni na Lewi bo bananiwe gutegeka uburakari bwabo bakora ibintu bibi. Babeshye Shekemu n’abagabo bo mu mujyi w’iwabo, ko bose nibemera gukebwa ari bwo bazabana amahoro n’abo mu muryango wa Yakobo. Abo bagabo barabyemeye. Igihe bababaraga cyane kubera gukebwa, Simeyoni na Lewi ‘bafashe inkota zabo binjira muri uwo mujyi nta wubizi, bica abagabo bose.’—Intang. 34:25-29.

10. Ubuhanuzi Yakobo yavuze kuri Simeyoni na Lewi, bwasohoye bute? (Reba n’agasanduku gafite umutwe uvuga ngo: “Amagambo y’ubuhanuzi Yakobo yavuze ari hafi gupfa.”)

¹⁰ Yakobo yababajwe cyane n’ibikorwa by’urugomo abo bahungu be babiri bakoze. Yahanuye ko bari gutatana bagakwirakwira hirya no hino muri Isirayeli. Ibyo Yakobo yavuze byabaye nyuma y’imyaka 200, ubwo Abisirayeli binjiraga mu Gihugu cy’Isezerano. Abakomokaga kuri Simeyoni bahawe imijyi hirya no hino mu karere kari karahawe Yuda (Yos. 19:1). Abakomoka kuri Lewi bo bahawe imijyi 48, hirya no hino muri Isirayeli.—Yos. 21:41.

11. Ni ibihe bintu byiza abakomoka kuri Simeyoni n’abakomoka kuri Lewi bakoze?

¹¹ Abakomoka kuri Simeyoni n’abakomoka kuri Lewi ntibakoze amakosa nk’ayo ba sekuruza bari barakoze. Abenshi mu bakomotse kuri Lewi, bakomeje gukorera Yehova mu budahemuka. Igihe Mose yajyaga ku Musozi wa Sinayi Yehova agiye kumuha amategeko, abenshi mu Bisirayeli basenze ikimasa cya zahabu, ariko abakomoka kuri Lewi bo banze gusenga icyo kigirwamana kandi nyuma yaho bafasha Mose kurimbura abagisenze (Kuva 32:26-29). Yehova yatoranyije abakomokaga kuri Lewi kugira ngo abahe inshingano yihariye yo kujya bakora umurimo w’ubutambyi (Kuva 40:12-15; Kub. 3:11, 12). Nyuma yaho, abakomotse kuri Simeyoni bafashije abo mu muryango wa Yuda kurwana n’Abanyakanani kugira ngo babone aho batura mu Gihugu cy’Isezerano.—Abac. 1:3, 17.

12. Ibyabaye kuri Simeyoni na Lewi bitwigisha iki?

¹² Icyo bitwigisha. Tujye twirinda gufata imyanzuro no kugira icyo dukora tubitewe n’uburakari. Ni ibisanzwe ko iyo hari umuntu ugukoreye ikintu kibi cyangwa akagikorera umuntu ukunda bikurakaza (Zab. 4:4). Ariko tugomba kwibuka ko Yehova atishima iyo tuvuze amagambo cyangwa tugakora ibikorwa bibi tubitewe n’uko dushaka kubabaza abaduhemukiye (Yak. 1:20). Mu gihe umuntu adukoreye ikintu kibi, yaba akorera Yehova cyangwa atamukorera, tugomba kwitwara mu buryo bushimisha Yehova. Ibyo bizaturinda kuvuga cyangwa gukora ikintu cyababaza abandi (Rom. 12:17, 19; 1 Pet. 3:9). Nubwo ababyeyi bawe baba badakora ibintu bishimisha Yehova, ujye wibuka ko utagomba kwigana ibibi bakora. Ntukumve ko nta kintu na kimwe wakora ngo ushimishe Yehova. Azagufasha gukora ibyiza kandi nubikora azabiguhembera.

YUDA

13. Kuki Yuda ashobora kuba yarahangayitse igihe papa we yari agiye kumubwira ibyari kuzamubaho?

¹³ Noneho Yakobo yari agiye kubwira Yuda ibyari kuzamubaho. Igihe Yuda yari amaze kumva ibyo papa we yari abwiye bakuru be, ashobora kuba yarahangayitse. Na we yari yaragiye akora amakosa akomeye. Uko bigaragara yafatanyije n’abavandimwe be gusahura umujyi Shekemu yari atuyemo (Intang. 34:27). Nanone yafatanyije na bo kugurisha umuvandimwe wabo Yozefu ngo ajye kuba umugaragu, kandi afatanya na bo kubeshya papa wabo uko byari byagenze (Intang. 37:31-33). Nyuma y’igihe, yaryamanye na Tamari wari umugore w’umuhungu we, akeka ko ari indaya.—Intang. 38:15-18.

14. Ni ibihe bintu byiza Yuda yari yarakoze? (Intangiriro 49:8, 9)

¹⁴ Icyakora Yakobo yabwiye Yuda ibintu byiza gusa. Yaramushimiye kandi ahanura ibintu byiza byari kuzamubaho, bikaba no ku bari kuzamukomokaho. (Soma mu Ntangiriro 49:8, 9.) Yuda yari yaragaragaje ko ahangayikishwa cyane na papa we wari ugeze mu zabukuru. Nanone yari yaragaragarije impuhwe murumuna we Benyamini.—Intang. 44:18, 30-34.

15. Ibintu byiza byahanuwe kuri Yuda, byasohoye bite?

¹⁵ Yakobo yahanuye ko Yuda ari we wari kuzayobora abavandimwe be. Icyakora nyuma y’imyaka igera kuri 200, ni bwo ibyavuzwe muri ubwo buhanuzi byatangiye kuba. Abisirayeli bamaze kuva muri Egiputa, igihe bakoraga urugendo rurerure mu butayu bagana mu Gihugu cy’Isezerano, umuryango wa Yuda ni wo wabanzaga kugenda, indi miryango ikawukurikira (Kub. 10:14). Imyaka myinshi nyuma yaho, ubwo Abisirayeli bari batangiye kwigarurira Igihugu cy’Isezerano, umuryango wa Yuda ni wo wabanje kugaba igitero (Abac. 1:1, 2). Nanone Dawidi wakomokaga kuri Yuda, ni we wabaye umwami wa mbere mu bami benshi bamukomotseho. Icyakora ubuhanuzi bwavuze kuri Yuda bwasohoye no mu bundi buryo.

16. Ubuhanuzi buvugwa mu Ntangiriro 49:10, bwasohoye bute? (Reba n’agasanduku gafite umutwe uvuga ngo: “Amagambo y’ubuhanuzi Yakobo yavuze ari hafi gupfa.”)

¹⁶ Yakobo yahanuye ko uwari kuzayobora abantu bose, yari kuzaturuka mu bakomoka kuri Yuda, kandi ko yari kuzategeka iteka ryose. (Soma mu Ntangiriro 49:10 n’ibisobanuro.) Uwo Muyobozi ni Yesu Kristo, uwo Yakobo yise Shilo. Umumarayika yavuze ibirebana na Yesu agira ati: “Yehova Imana azamuha ubwami bwa sekuruza Dawidi” (Luka 1:32, 33). Nanone Yesu yitwa “Intare yo mu muryango wa Yuda.”—Ibyah. 5:5.

17. Twakwigana Yehova dute ku birebana n’uko tubona abandi?

¹⁷ Icyo bitwigisha. Yehova yahaye imigisha Yuda nubwo hari amakosa akomeye yari yarakoze. Icyakora abavandimwe be bashobora kuba baratangiye kwibaza impamvu Yehova amuhaye imigisha. Icyo baba baratekerezaga cyose, Yehova we yitaye ku mico myiza ya Yuda kandi arayimuhembera. Twakwigana Yehova dute? Mu gihe umuvandimwe cyangwa mushiki wacu ahawe inshingano yihariye, dushobora kutiyumvisha neza impamvu ayihawe kubera ko twibanze ku makosa ye. Ariko byaba byiza twibutse ko Yehova we yita cyane ku mico ye myiza. Yehova ashishikazwa cyane n’ibyiza abamusenga bakora. Nimureke tujye dukora ibishoboka byose tumwigane.

18. Kuki dukeneye kwihangana?

¹⁸ Irindi somo twavana ku byabaye kuri Yuda ni uko tugomba kwihangana. Igihe cyose Yehova akora ibyo yasezeranyije. Icyakora si ko buri gihe abikora nk’uko tubishaka cyangwa mu gihe twari tubyiteze. Abakomoka kuri Yuda ntibahise batangira kuyobora abandi Bisirayeli. Ariko bakomeje gushyigikira mu budahemuka abo Yehova yahaga inshingano yo kuyobora Abisirayeli, urugero nka Mose wakomokaga kuri Lewi, Yosuwa wakomokaga kuri Efurayimu, cyangwa Umwami Sawuli wakomokaga kuri Benyamini. Nimureke natwe muri iki gihe tujye dushyigikira umuntu wese Yehova ashyizeho ngo atuyobore.—Heb. 6:12.

19. Amagambo y’ubuhanuzi Yakobo yabwiye abahungu be bane ba mbere ari hafi gupfa, atwigisha iki kuri Yehova?

¹⁹ Amagambo y’ubuhanuzi Yakobo yabwiye abahungu be bane ba mbere ari hafi gupfa, atwigisha iki? Biragaragara ko ‘Imana itareba nk’uko abantu bareba’ (1 Sam. 16:7). Yehova arihangana cyane kandi agira imbabazi nyinshi. Nubwo iyo dukoze ibintu bibi bimubabaza, ariko nanone ntabwo aba atwitezeho kuba abantu batunganye. Ndetse n’abantu bakoze ibyaha bikomeye, iyo bihannye babivanye ku mutima kandi bakiyemeza gukora ibyiza, arabababarira. Mu gice gikurikira, tuzareba ibyo Yakobo yabwiye abandi bahungu be umunani.