Pono ya Bokeresete ka Ditshwantsho

“LO TLOGETSE kobamelo ya medimo ya disetwa . . . mme lwa fetoga batlhanka ba Modimo wa mmatota, 00 tshedileng,” go kwadile jalo moaposetoloi Paulo a kwalela Bakeresete ba Thesalonia. (1 Bathesalonia 1:9a) Ee, Bakeresete ba le bantsi ba pele e ne e kile ya bo e le baobamedi ba medimo ya disetwa ya boheitane. (1 Bakorintha 6:9-11) Mme fela fa ba fetoga Bakeresete, ba ne ba tlogela ditiro tseo tsa kobamelo ya medimo ya disetwa.

Lefa go ntse jalo, go obama fa pele ga ditshwantsho tse di setilweng go ne go tlwaelesegile, mo e leng gore Bakeresete ba ne ba sotliwa ka go bo ba ne ba rapela kwantle ga go dirisa ditshwantsho. Baheitane bangwe ba ne ba bile ba ba latofatsa ka gore e ne e le balatola-Modimo! Ke jang, he, go rapelwa ga ditshwantsho moragonyana go ileng ga anama mo go kana mo go La-Bodumedi?

Ditshwantsho tsa La-Bodumedi—Di Tswa Kae?

Ditiro di le dintsi tsa boheitane di ne tsa simololwa go dirisiwa ke “Bakeresete” morago ga seo go neng go twe ke go sokologa ga mmusi-mogolo wa Roma ebong Constantine. “Go tloga mo metlheng ya ga Constantine, ” go tlhalosa jalo raditiragalo tsa bodumedi Edwyn Bevañ mo bukeng ya gagwe Holy Images, “go dirisiwa ga Sefapaano jaaka setshwantsho go kgabaganya lefatshe la Bokeresete go ne ga simolola go tlwaelesega mme se ne sa tloga sa rapelwa ka mekgwa e e farologaneng.” Seno se ne sa betlela mekgwa e mengwe ya go rapela ditshwantsho tsela. Yone buka eo e elatlhoko jaana: “Go lebega ekete pele ga go obamelwa ga ditshwantsho tse di takilweng le ditshwantsho go ne go tlwaelesegile go obamela setshwantsho sa Sefapaano, seo ka bosone . . . se sa fitlhelweng mo dikagong tsa bogologolo tsa Bokeresete kana mo ditshwantshong tse di betlilweng tsa bodumedi pele ga Constantine a dira labarum [folaga ya sesole e e nang le sefapaano].”

Tiro eno e ne ya tswelela. Ka lekgolo la boroba bobedi la dingwaga C.E., Johane wa Damaseko, yoo a neng a lejwa jaaka “moitshepi” ke dikereke tsa Roma Katoliki le tsa Eastern Orthodox, o ne a kwala jaana: “Jaaka bo-Rara ba ba boitshepo ba ne ba diga ditempele le dikago tsa kobamelo tsa bodiabolo, mme mo boemong jwa tsone ba tlhoma dikago tsa kobamelo mo maineng a Baitshepi mme re ba obamela, jalo ba ne gape ba tlosa ditshwantsho tsa bodiabolo, mme mo boemong jwa tsone ba tlhoma ditshwantsho tsa ga Keresete, Mma-Modimo, le Baitshepi.”

Mo go seno, Thomas Aquinas, “moitshepi” wa Roma Katoliki wa lekgolo la bo-13 la dingwaga, o ne a oketsa ka go re: “Tshisimogo e e tshwanang e tshwanetse go newa setshwantsho sa ga Keresete le Keresete ka Boene . . . Sefapaano se tlotliwa ka tlotlo e e tshwanang le ya ga Keresete, ke gore, kafa go tlotliwang latria [Tlhaloso ya Sekatoliki ya kobamelo e e kwa godimo go di feta tsotlhe] ka gone, mme ka lebaka leo re bitsa le go kokotlela Sefapaano fela jaaka re dira ka yo o Bapotsweng ka Boene.”

Aquinas o sant se a lejwa jaaka motho wa botlhokwa yo o tlatseleditseng mo thutong ya go “rapelwa ga ditshwantsho.” Go ya ka New Catholic Encyclopedia, go “rapelwa ga ditshwantsho” go tshwanetse ga emela ene “gore a bone tlhaloso e e tletseng kaga gone.” Lefa go ntse jalo, go phepafetse gore go obamela ditshwantsho ga “Bokeresete” go tseetse go rapela ditshwantsho ga baheitane sebaka fela.

Go Buelela Tiriso ya Ditshwantsho Tsa Bodumedi

Ba le bantsi gompieno bao ba rapelang ditshwantsho tsa bodumedi ba ka gana go bidiwa baobamedi ba ditshwantsho. Lefa go ntse jalo, go gana ga bone go bidiwa jalo, ga go gosha. Mo lekgolong la bone la dingwaga, yo go neng go twe’ke Moitshepi Augustine o ne a sotla mabaka a baobamedi ba medimo ya disetwa bao eseng Bakeresete, ka go re: “Go na le moganetsi yo ene a iponang a rutegile thata, mme are, ga ke obamele lentswe leo, kana setshwantsho seo se se senang tlhaloganyo; . . . Ga ke obamele setshwantsho seno; mme ke tlotla se ke se bonang, ke ba ke direla ene yo ke sa mmoneng.” Ka mafoko a mangwe, ba iphaka ba obamela fela motho yo ba sa mmoneng yo o emelwang ke medimo ya bone ya disetwa. “Fa ba bolela jalo kaga ditshwantsho tsa bone,” Augustine o ne a oketsa, “ba lebega ba ikganetsa ka bobone, gonne ga ba obamele medimo ya disetwa, lefa go le jalo ba obamela bodiabolo.”—Expositions on the Book of Psalms e e kwadilweng ke Augustine, Psalm xcvii 9.

Lefa baithuta-bodumedi ba Roma Katoliki ba ile ba nna bofefo go nyatsa kobamelo ya medimo ya disetwa ya baheitane, fa go tla mo tirisong ya bone ya ditshwantsho, go le gantsi ba ile ba nna ba di buelela ka tsela e e tshwanang le ya ba ba bidiwang baheitane. Ka sekai, Council of Trent ya lekgolo la bo-16 la dingwaga e ne ya bolela jaana mabapi le ditshwantsho tsa ga Keresete, Maria, le “baitshepi”: “Di tshwanetse go newa tlotlo le go rapelwa jaaka go di tshwanela; lefa go ntse jalo, eseng ka ntlha ya fa di na le bomodimo le thata tseo di di nayang tshwanelo ya go rapelwa.” Ke ka ntlhayang, he, fa di rapelwa? “Ke ka gonne tlotlo e di e bontshiwang,” go tlhalositse jalo lekgotla leo, “e lebisitswe go dilo tseo di e emelang, jalo ka ditshwantsho tse re di atlang le tseo re di rolelang dihutshe re ba re obama fa pele ga tsone, re tlotla Keresete le go rapela baitshepi, bao ba emelwang ke tsone.”

Le go fitlha gompieno Kereke ya Roma Katoliki e ntse e tswelela go buelela kobamelo ya medimo ya disetwa ka mabaka a a tshwanang: gore ditshwantsho ke sengwe seo ka sone ba lebisang tlhokomelo go yo o kwa godimo yo o emelwang ke tsone le gore ditshwantsho ga di na thata kana maatla. Lefa go le jalo, ke go ya bokgakaleng bofe seno se itshupileng se le boammaaruri fa se diriwa? A botlhe ba ba dirisang ditshwantsho ba dumela tota gore ga go ‘bomodimo kana thata mo go tsone’?

Ditshwantsho—Pono ya Baobamedi

Kwa Seville, Spaiñ, go na le kgaisano e kgolo fa gare ga balatedi ba Lekgarebane la Macarena le Lekgarebane de la Esperanza. Mo Chartres Cathedral, France, go na le Makgarebane a le mararo—Our Lady of the Pillar, Our Lady of the Crypt, le Our Lady of the “Belle Verriere”—mongwe le mongwe o na le baobamedi ba gagwe. Go lebega baobamedi ba tlhatswegile pelo gore setshwantsho sa bone sa ga Maria ka tsela nngwe se tlotlometse go gaisa tse dingwe—ntswa ditshwantsho tsotlhe ka boraro di emela motho a le mongwe! Go phepafetse, he, gore tlotlo e newa, eseng go seo se emetsweng mme go ditshwantsho ka botsone.

Jalo, seo Kereke ya Roma Katoliki e reng ke se se emelang kobamelo gantsi se ile sa bonala e le kobamelo ya ditshwantsho ka boyone. Dithuto tsa bomodimo tsa boammaaruri ga di na bokao jo bo kalo mo tirong eno e e saleng e dirwa ka makgolo a dingwaga.

Bibela ya Reng?

Thuto ya Bibela e ganetsa ditumelo tsa baithuta-bodumedi. Modimo o ne wa phepafaletsa Baiseraele ba bogologolo gore o ne a sa batle kobamelo ya medimo ya disetwa gotlhelele. (Ekesodo 20:4, 5; Duteronome 4:15-19) Ka boammaaruri, ditshwantsho dingwe, jaaka noga ya kgotlho e e neng ya dirwa ke Moshe, di ne di letlelelwa. Lefa go le jalo, go obamela ditshwantsho tsa go nna jalo, go ne go sa letlelelwe gotlhelele.—Dipalō 21:9; 2 Dikgosi 18:1, 4.

Ka dinako dingwe Baiseraele ba ne ba tlola thibelo eno ya go obamela medimo ya disetwa. Ka sekai, kwa Sinai, Baiseraele ba ne ba itirela namane ya gauda go e obamela. Abo e ne e le tlhapatso jang ne go bo ba ne ba ‘emisetsa boitshepo jwa Modimo ka setshwantsho fela sa poo, selo se se jang bojang’! (Pesalema 106:20, NW) Mme fela jaaka badumedi bangwe gompieno, ba ne ba iphaka gore ba obamela, eseng poo, mme e leng Modimo ka boone!” ‘Ke yo Modimo wa gago, wena Iseraele’ ba goa ‘yo o go ntshitseng mo lefatsheng lwa Egepeto!’” (Ekesodo 32:1-5) Lefa go ntse jalo, Jehofa ga a ka a letlelela kobamelo eno ya “tshwantshetso,” mo tota e neng e le go boela kwa bodumeding jwa Egepeto. (Ditihō 7:39-41) Ka tlhamalalo e ne e le go tlola kgolagano eo ba neng ba e dirile kwa Sinai le go tlisetsa Iseraele kotsi ya go senngwa.—Ekesodo 32:9, 10, 30-35; Duteronome 4:23.

Lefa go le jalo, ke ka ntlhayang fa Jehofa Modimo a le kgatlhanong le ditshwantsho mo go kalo kalo? Ntlha ke gore, ditshwantsho ga di na thata; ga se sepe. (Duteronome 32:21a; Pesalema 31:6) Jeremia o rile di tshwana fela le ditshosa, ke tseo di senang mohemo ope mo go tsone. (Yeremia 10:5, 14) Ka mo go tshwanang Isaia o ne a kgala bao ba dirisang karolo ya setlhare go besa molelo go apaya le karolo e nngwe go dira modimo. Moperofeti yoo o tlhagisa gore baobamedi bao ba medimo ya disetwa “ga ba itse sepe, le gona ga ba tlhaloganye sepe, ga ba na tlhaloganyo.”—Isaia 44:13-18.

Kotsi nngwe e e ka isang losong mabapi le kobamelo ya ditshwantsho ke ka go bo setshwantsho se ka go golaganya le maatla a badimona. Mopesalema o ne a bua jaana ka Baiseraele: “Ka go direla medimo ya disetwa, ba ne ba iphitlhela ba tshwaregile mo go iseng bomorwaa bone le bomorwadia bone ditlhabelo.” (Pesalema 106:35-37; bapisa Lefitiko 17:7; Duteronome 32:17.) Seno se ne sa felela ka go bulela ditiro tsa tumela-botlhodi le tirisabadimo tsela. Sekai se sengwe ke sa ga Kgosi Manase, yoo o neng a tsosolosa kobamelo ya medimo ya disetwa mo Iseraele. Kgabagare, “o ne a agela bontsi jwa legodimo dibeso mo malwapeng a mabedi a Tempele” le go “bolelela dilo pele, le maselamose.”—2 Dikgosi 21:1-6.

Dikwalo tsa Bokeresete tsa Segerika di tlhagisa ka dikotsi tse di tshwanang. The New Bible Dictionary e bua jaana: “Testamente e Kgologolo e kgatlhanong le kobamelo ya medimo ya disetwa . . . e dumalana le boammaaruri joo Paulo a neng moragonyana a bo gatelela: gore modimo wa sesetwa e ne e se sepe, mme gore lefa go le jalo o ka amana le maatla a semoya a bodimona, le gore ka jalo setshwantsho seo se ka lere kotsi ya semoya.” Paulo o ne a kwala jaana: “Re itse gore medimo ya sesetwa tota ga e yo mo lefatsheng le gore ga go na Modimo ope fa e se yo Mongwefela.” Mme morago o ne a tlhagisa jaana: “Ditlhabelo tse ba di isang ba di isetsa badimona e seng Modimo. Ga ke rate lwa bo lo dirisana le badimona.”—1 Bakorintha 8:4; 10:19, 20.

Ee, meya e e bosula e tlhagafetse mo go tliseng batho kafa tlase ga taolo ya yone. Paulo o ne a kwala jaana: “Gonne ga re lwe le nama le madi, me re lwa le Balaodi le Babusi bao ba lerileng lefifi mo lefatsheng leno, ebong masole a semoya mo magodimong.” (Baefesia 6:12) Ka jalo mofuta ope fela wa kobamelo ya ditshwantsho o bolaya pono ya motho ya semoya, o kgothaletsa tumela-botlhodi, gape o dira gore motho a laolwe ke babusi ba kobamelo ya lefatshe leno le le lefifi, le le le boikepo.

Go Obamela ‘ka Boammaaruri’

Batho ba le bantsi ba ba tlhoafetseng ba dirisa ditshwantsho go atamela gaufi le Moutlwi wa thapelo. Go atamela Modimo ke selo se se eletsegang. Mme a re gololesegile go itlhophela mokgwa o e leng wa rona wa go mo atamela? Eleruri re tshwanetse go batla tsela ya katamelo e e itumedisang Modimo, e seng rona. Jesu o ne are: “Ke nna Tsela, le Boammaaruri, le Botshelo. Ga go na ope yo o ka tlang mo go Rara fa e se ka nna.” (Yohane 14:6) Seno se ne se thibela go dirisiwa ga ditshwantsho tsa kobamelo ya medimo ya disetwa. Jesu o ne a ruta gape jaana: “Me nako e tla tla—ebile tota e gorogile—e baobamedi ba boammaaruri ba tla obamelang Rara ka yone, ka Moya le ka boammaaruri: oo ke mofuta wa kobamelo oo Rara a o batlang. Modimo ke moya, mme bao ba mo obamelang ba tshwanetse go mo obamela ka moya le ka boammaaruri.”—Yohane 4:23, 24.

A motho yo e leng moya o ka emelwa ke setshwantso se se bonalang? Nnyaa. Go sa kgathalesege gore setshwantsho se ka tswa se le sentle jang, ga se kake sa fitlhelela kgalalelo ya Modimo. Jalo setshwantsho sa Modimo ga e kake ya nna selo sa boammaaruri. (Bapisa Baroma 1:22, 23.) Ka jalo a motho o tla bo a ‘obamela ka boammaaruri’ fa a atamela Modimo ka setshwantsho sengwe sa tsietso?

Basupi ba ga Jehofa ba ile ba thusa diketekete tsa batho go tlogela ditiro tsa kobamelo ya medimo ya disetwa mme ba fetoga ‘mofuta wa baobamedi ba Rara a ba batlang.’ Morago ga go bontshiwa go tswa mo Bibeleng pono ya Modimo ka ditshwantsho, ba le bantsi ba ile ba tlhotlheletsega go tlosa ditshwantsho mo malapeng le mo kobamelong ya bone. (Bapisa Duteronome 7:25.) Ka boammaaruri, ga go a nna motlhofo mo go bone go dira jalo. Mme ba ile ba tlhotlhelediwa ke keletso e e tlhoafetseng ya go itshwarelela ka Lefoko la Modimo eleng Bibela, leo le gakololang Bakeresete ba boammaaruri jaana: “Bana itiseng mo medimong ya maaka [seo tota se rayang medimo ya disetwa].”—1 Yohane 5:21, mokwalo o o kwa tlase.

[Ntlha e e kwa tlase]

[Lebokoso mo go tsebe 7]

A ‘Mekgabisa ya Ditshwantsho ga e ke e Fetoga Medimo ya Disetwa’?

“Mekgabisa ya ditshwantsho” ke mofuta o o kgethegileng wa setshwantsho, eleng, ditshwantsho tse di takilweng tsa bodumedi tseo di rapelwang ke maloko a Kereke ya Eastern Orthodox. Dingwe di emela Keresete; tse dingwe di emela Tharo-nngwe, Maria, “baitshepi,” kana baengele. Fela jaaka Maroma Katoliki, baithuta-bodumedi ba Orthodox ba buelela go rapela mekgabisa ya ditshwantsho jaaka tiro e potlana ya go fetisetsa kobamelo go motho yo o emelwang ke tseno wa selegodimo. “Mekgabisa ya ditshwantsho,” ga 00-lela jalo moruti wa Mo-Russia, Sergey Bulgakov, “e santse e le selo fela mme ga se ke se fetoga modimo wa sesetwa kana sengwe se se rapelang.”

Lefa go le jalo, ka nako e e tshwanang, Kereke ya Eastern Orthodox e ruta gore mokgabisa wa setshwantsho o ka tlisetsa motho yoo o rapelang fa pele ga one mosola mongwe o o kgethegileng, fa fela mokgabisa wa setshwantsho o ile wa “itshepisiwa” ke kereke. “Tirelo ya go segofatsa mokgabisa wa setshwantsho,” go tlhalosa jalo Bulgakov mo bukeng ya gagwe The Orthodox Church “e dira kgolagano gareng ga setshwantsho le seo e se emelang, gareng ga seo se emelwang le setshwantsho ka bosone. Ka go segofatsa mokgabisa wa setshwantsho sa ga Keresete, go a bo go golaganngwa semoyeng yo o ikanyegang yoo le Keresete. Ke se se tshwanang ka mekgabisa ya ditshwantsho tsa Lekgarebane le Baitshepi; mongwe o ka nna a re, mekgabisa ya bone ya ditshwantsho, e lelefatsa botshelo jwa bone mono lefatsheng.”

Mo godimo ga moo, mekgabisa ya ditshwantsho e le mentsi ya ga Maria go dumelwa fa e na le thata ya go dira dikgakgamatso. “Lefa a nna kwa legodimong,” ga gatelela jalo Bulgakov, “o santse a tshela le rona mo botshelong jwa rona jwa selefatshe, o bogisiwa ke dipogiso tsa jone, o lela fela jaaka go lelwa mo go lone. O emela lefatshe fa pele ga setilo sa Modimo sa Bogosi. O itshupegetsa lefatshe ka setshwantsho sa gagwe se se kgabisitsweng se se dirang dikgakgamatso.”