Pululolé—Fakaeonopooni kae Motuʻa

MEI HE TOKOTAHA-TOHI ʻĀ HAKE! ʻI MEKISIKOU

MEI HE MUʻAKI NGAAHI TAIMÍ kuo hoko ʻo fakamānako ki he kakaí ʻa e ngau pululolé. Ko e kau Kalisi ʻi onoʻahó naʻa nau ngau ʻa e puluʻi masitiká. Naʻe ngau ʻe he kau ʻAsitekí ʻa e tzictli, pe puluʻi sapotilá, mei he sapotilá. Pea ko e kau ʻAmelika Tuʻufonua ʻo Niu ʻIngilaní naʻa nau akoʻi ʻa e kau nofo koloniá ke nau ngau ʻa e puluʻi painí. Ko hono moʻoní, ʻi he muʻaki ngaahi taʻu ʻo e 1800 tupú, ko e ngaahi kongokongaʻi puluʻi painí naʻe hoko ia ko e ʻuluaki pululole fakakomēsiale naʻe fakamāketi ʻi he ʻIunaite Seteté. Ki mui ai, ko hono ngau ʻo e teʻelango kuo fakamelié naʻe hoko ia ʻo manakoa.

ʻOku pehē ko e pululole ʻi onopōní naʻe kamata ngaohi ia ʻi he vaeuaʻanga ki mui ʻo e senituli hono 19. Lolotonga hono kapusi ʻa e palesiteni Mekisikou mālōlō ko Santa Anna ki he ʻIunaite Seteté, naʻe fakatokangaʻi ai ʻokú ne ngau ʻa e fanga kiʻi kongokongaʻi puluʻi sapotila ʻa ia naʻe haʻu mo ia mei Mekisikou. Naʻe fakatokangaʻi ʻe ha tokotaha faʻu koloa ʻAmelika ʻa hono leleí kapau ʻe fakamelie mo fakaifo, ʻo ne hū mai ai ʻa e puluʻi sapotilá ki he ʻIunaite Seteté ke ngaohiʻaki ʻa e pululolé.

Ko e puluʻi sapotilá (chicle) ko e toʻi hinehina ia ʻo e sapotilá, ko ha ʻakau lanu mata ʻoku ui ko e pululolé. Ko e ʻakau tuʻufonua ia ʻi he Gran Petén, ʻa e vaotā ʻi he tokelau ʻo Kuatemala, Pēlisi mo e Muitolotolo Yucatán ʻi Mekisikoú. ʻI he ngaahi feituʻu ʻe niʻihi ai, ʻoku laka hake ʻi he fuʻu sapotila ʻe 75 ʻe lava ke maʻu ʻi ha foʻi ʻeka ʻe taha. Lolotonga ʻa e faʻahitaʻu ʻuhoʻuhá, ko e kau tānaki ʻo e puluʻi sapotilá, ʻoku ʻiloa ko e kau chiclero, ʻoku nau tā fepikopikoaki ʻa e sino ʻo e sapotila vaó, ʻo fakaʻatā ai ʻa e toʻí ke tafe māmālie hifo ki ha fakataliʻanga meʻa ʻi he tefitó. ʻOku tānaki leva ia ʻo haka ki he fatu ʻoku fiemaʻú pea fakafuo leva ke fakatau. Lolotonga ʻoku kei ngāueʻaki ʻo aʻu ki ha tuʻunga ʻa e puluʻi sapotilá ʻi he ngaohiʻanga pululolé—tautefito ki he pululole ʻoku tuʻuaki ko e tupu fakanatulá—naʻe fetongi lahi ia ʻe ha ngaahi koloa toki faʻu ʻe he tangatá ʻi he 1940 tupú ʻi he ʻIunaite Seteté.

Ko e hā ʻoku manakoa lahi ai ʻa e ngau pululolé? ʻOku ngau ʻe he tokolahi ʻa e pululolé ke fakanamulelei ʻenau mānavá mo fakamaʻa honau nifó ʻi he taimi ʻoku ʻikai lava ai hano fufulu ʻi he hili ʻa e maʻu meʻatokoní mo e kai maʻamaʻá.a ʻOku ʻilo ʻe he niʻihi ʻoku fakanonga ʻa e ngau pululolé pea ko ha tokoni ia ki he tokangataha ʻoku faí. Ko hono moʻoní, koeʻuhi kuo ʻiloʻi ʻoku fakasiʻisiʻi ʻe he ngau pululolé ʻa e loto-hohaʻá pea fakatupu ʻāʻā, naʻe tokonaki ai ʻe he kau tau U.S. ha pululole maʻá e kau sōtia ʻi he tau ʻuluaki mo e tau ua ʻa māmaní pea ʻoku kei fakakau ia ʻi he ngaahi ʻinasi meʻakai ki he malaʻe ako taú mo e taú. Ko e kau fakaʻuli ʻe niʻihi ʻoku nau ʻilo ʻoku tokoni lahi ange ʻa e ngau pululolé ki heʻenau ʻāʻaá ʻi he inu kofí. Ko e kakai ʻoku nau feinga ke tuku ʻenau ifí ʻoku nau ʻiloʻi nai ʻoku tokoni ʻa e ngau pululolé. ʻOku toe manakoa foki ia ʻi hono fakatōliʻa ʻa e holi ki ha meʻatokoni maʻamaʻá—ʻo fakaʻavalisi ʻoku siʻi hifo ʻi he kalolī ʻe 10 ʻi he foʻi pululole.

Kae kehe, ʻoku ʻilo ʻe he kakai tokolahi ʻoku ʻikai fakamānako ʻa e meʻá ni. Pea ʻoku ʻi ai nai ʻa e taimi ʻoku ʻikai vakai ai ʻoku taau ke ngau pululole. Ko ia, kapau ʻokú ke maʻu ʻa e tōʻonga motuʻa kae fakaeonopooni ko eni ʻo e ngau pululolé, te ke loto nai ke fai fakapotopoto.b

[Fakamatala ʻi lalo]

[Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 29]

Ko hono tā fepikopikoaki ʻe he kau “chiclero” ʻa e sino ʻo e sapotilá

[Maʻuʻanga]

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