Vakai ki he Māmaní
Tokoni Fehālaaki?
Ko e ngaahi feinga ʻe niʻihi ke fakatolonga ʻa e fonu lalahi Siapaní mei heʻene ʻauhamālié kuo fehuʻia ia, ko e fakamatala ia ʻa e The Daily Yomiuri. ʻI hono keli hake ʻa e ngaahi fuaʻi fonú, ʻo fōfoaʻi pea tukuange atu kinautolu ki loto tahí ʻe mātuʻaki taʻofi ai ʻa e ngaahi malava fakanatula ki he fai fononga holo ʻi tahi ʻa e fanga fonú. Ko e fanga fonu kuo fōfoaʻi fakanatulá ʻoku nau “ʻiloʻi ʻa e ivi fakamakinito ʻo e foʻi māmaní lolotonga ʻenau totolo holo he ʻoneʻoné, ʻo fakatupunga leva ai ha ʻilo fakaetataki fakanatula,” ko e līpooti ia ʻa e nusipepá. “Ko e fōfoaʻi taʻefakanatulá, ʻoku kau ki ai ʻa hono tauhi ʻa e fanga kiʻi ʻuhikiʻi fonú ʻi ha feituʻu ʻaaʻi ki muʻa ke tuku [kinautolu] ki he ʻātakai fakanatula ʻo ʻōsení, ʻa ia ʻoku taʻofi ai kinautolu mei hono fakatupulekina ʻa ʻenau ongoʻi ʻoku nau tupu pē mo ia ki he fakahinohinó mo e malava ke fai fononga holo ʻi ʻōseni ʻia kinautolu peé.”
Ko e Malimali Mahuʻinga Taha ko Iá
“Ko ha kiʻi malimali pē ʻa e founga lelei taha ke maʻu ai ha ngaahi kaumeʻa pea tākiekina ʻa e kakaí,” ko e līpooti ia ʻa e The Times ʻo Lonitoní. Ko ha savea fakafonua naʻe fai maʻá e Royal Mail ʻoku fakahaaʻi ai ko e ʻuluaki meʻa ʻoku fakatokangaʻi ʻe he tokolahi taha ʻo e kakaí ʻo fekauʻaki mo ha taha ko ʻene malimalí. Ko e meimei vaeua ʻo e faʻahinga naʻe fakaʻekeʻeké naʻa nau pehē ʻe ʻikai te nau alea ngāue mo ha taha pē ʻoku hā anga taʻefakakaumeʻa. ʻOku tautefito ki he kau pule ngāue fefiné ʻa e ngalingali lahi ange ke nau hiki lakanga ʻa e kau ngāue ʻoku nau malimalí. ʻOku pehē ʻe Brian Bates, ko e kaungā faʻu-tohi ʻo e The Human Face: “ʻOku fakahaaʻi ʻe he fakatotolo ko ení ʻa e anga ʻo e mahuʻinga ʻa e malimalí ʻi he sōsaietí. Te tau faʻa saiʻia ange ke vahevahe ʻa ʻetau falalá, ʻamanakí mo e paʻangá ki he faʻahinga malimalí.” ʻOkú ne toe tānaki mai ʻoku fakalahi ʻe he malimalí ʻa hono faʻu ʻe he sinó ʻa e ʻenitofini tāmate langá, pea ko e kakai ʻoku nau malimali fakanatulá “ʻoku nau maʻu ha moʻui lavameʻa ange ʻi he tuʻunga fakafoʻituituí mo fakaengāué.”
Meʻa Tauhele Namu
ʻOku faʻu ʻe ha kautaha ʻi Singapoa ha meʻangāue ke fakaʻauha ai ʻa e fanga namú ʻo taʻekau ai ha ngaahi faitoʻo ʻinisēkite. Ko ha puha pelesitiki ʻuliʻuli senitimita ʻe 38 hono māʻolungá ʻa ia ʻoku “tuku mai ai ʻa e māfana mo e kāponi taiʻokisaiti lahi tatau pē mo ia ʻoku ʻomai ʻe he sino fakaetangatá,” ko e līpooti ia ʻa e The Economist ʻo Lonitoní. Koeʻuhi ʻoku ʻilo ʻe he fanga namú ʻa e faʻahinga ʻoku nau maʻukoviá ʻaki ʻenau kumi ki he māfana ʻo e sinó pea mo e kāponi taiʻokisaiti ʻi he mānavá, ko e meʻangāué “ʻokú ne kākaaʻi ʻa e fanga namú ke fakakaukau ʻoku teu ke nau maʻu ha meʻakai.” Ko e puhá ʻoku fakamāfana fakaʻuhila ia, pea ʻokú ne tukuange mai ai mei ha kiʻi puha ʻa e kāponi taiʻokisaiti. ʻOku fakataueleʻi ʻe ha ngaahi maama ngingila ʻa e ʻinisēkité ki ha kiʻi ava ʻi he puhá. ʻOku puhiʻi leva ia ki lalo ʻe ha ī ki ha kiʻi ano vai, ʻa ia ʻoku melemo ai. ʻE lava ʻe he meʻangāué ke tauheleʻi ʻa e fanga namu ʻe 1,200 ʻi ha pō, pea ʻe lava ke feʻunuʻaki ia ke tāketi ki he namu Anopheles ʻo e poʻulí, ʻa ia ʻokú ne fetuku holo ʻa e malēliá, pe ko e namu Aedes ʻo e ʻahó, ʻa ia ʻokú ne fetuku holo ʻa e mofi engeengá mo e tengí. Ko hano ʻaonga lahi ange he ʻoku ʻikai fakaʻauha ai ʻa e fanga kiʻi ʻinisēkite ʻikai maumaú hangē ko e fanga pepé.
Fakalototoʻaʻi ʻa e Kakai Tangatá Ke Nau Kai Ika
Ko e kakai tangata ʻoku lahi ʻenau kai ʻa e ngaahi ika ngako, hangē ko e sāmaní, helení, mo e ʻotulé, ʻoku ngalingali ʻe liunga ua pe tolu ʻa e siʻi ke nau maʻu ʻa e kanisā ʻi he lama ʻo e tangamimí ʻi he kakai tangata ʻoku tātātaha ke nau kai iká, ko e lau ia ʻa e kau fakatotolo mei he Akoʻanga Karolinska ʻi Stockholm. Ko e ako taʻu ʻe 30 naʻe fai ki he kakai tangata ʻe toko 6,272 naʻe fai ai ʻa e vakai ki he ngaahi fakatuʻutāmaki tefito hangē ko e ifí. Naʻe fakaʻosiʻaki ʻe he kau fakatotoló ko e “meʻa ʻoku taku ko e ngaahi ʻēsiti ngakó ʻōmeka-3 [ʻoku maʻu tautefito ʻi he ika lolololó] ʻoku hā mahino ʻa e taʻofi ai ʻo e tupulaki ʻa e kanisā ʻi he lama ʻo e tangamimí.” Ko e ngaahi ʻēsiti ngako tatau “ʻokú ne toe fakasiʻisiʻi ʻa e fakatuʻutāmaki ʻo e tuʻu e tā ʻo e mafú,” ko e lau ia ʻa e līpōtí. Ko ia ai, ʻoku faleʻi ʻe he kau mataotaó ʻa e kakaí ke nau kai ika “tuʻo taha pe tuʻo ua ʻi he uike.”
Ko e Totongi Fakamamahi ʻi he Tōtuʻa ʻa e Toutaí
“ʻOku fakahoko ʻe he faʻahinga ʻo e tangatá ʻa e fakaʻauha fakaʻaufuli ʻo e tahí ʻi ha tuʻunga naʻe ʻikai ʻaupito fai ha fakaʻuta atu ki ai ki muʻa, ʻa ia ʻoku hoko ai ʻa e kalasi meʻamoʻui ʻe laui afe ʻo ʻauhamālie fakafou ʻi he tōtuʻa ʻa e toutaí, ko hano fakahaaʻi ia ʻe ha ako,” ko e fakamatala ia ʻa e The Times ʻo Lonitoní. “Ko e lavameʻa ʻa e matakali ʻo e tangatá ʻi hono fāngotaʻi ʻa e fanga monumanu lalahi ʻi tahí pea mo e fingotá kuó ne veuki ai ʻa e fakahokohoko ʻo e meʻakai ʻa e ngaahi meʻamoʻuí pea fakaʻauha ai mo e ngaahi ʻekosisitemá ʻo aʻu ki ha tuʻunga kuo liliu tuʻuloa ai ʻa e tahí,” fakatatau ki he ngāue fekumí. ʻOku pehē ʻe he līpōtí ʻi he taimi naʻe folau ai ʻa Kapiteni John Smith ʻi he ngaahi tahi ʻo e Fanga Chesapeake ʻi he matāfonua fakahahake ʻo e ʻIunaite Seteté ʻi he 1607, ko ha meʻafana fonua naʻe tō ki tahi naʻe “hā mahino hake ia ʻo laka hake ʻi he loloto mita ʻe 9 ʻo e vaí.” Naʻe taku ʻe he kau fekumí ko e vai maʻa ko eni ki muʻá naʻe tupu ia mei he “ngaahi fuʻu hakau tofe [ʻa ia] naʻá ne sivi ai ʻa e vai kotoa ʻi he fangá ʻi he ʻaho ʻe tolu kotoa pē, ʻo puleʻi ai ʻa e lahi ʻo e fanga kiʻi siemú mo e limú.” ʻI he taimi ko iá “naʻe lahi ai ʻa e fanga tofuaʻa kuleí, tolofiní, manatií, ʻota vaitafé, fonu tahí, ʻalikeitá mo e fanga fuʻu ika lalahí” ʻi he feituʻú ni. ʻI he taimi ní ko ha nofoʻanga pē ia ki ha “kalasi meʻamoʻui tokosiʻi pē” ʻi he meʻa naʻe ʻi ai ki muʻá.
Kau Inu Kei Siʻí
“Ko e toʻutupu ʻi ʻIulopé ʻoku nau hoko ʻo konā ʻi ha taʻu siʻi ʻaupito ange pea fakautuutu ʻene lahí,” ko e līpooti ia ʻa e nusipepa Siamane Süddeutsche Zeitung. Ko e hehema fakatupu hohaʻa ko ení naʻe ʻomai ki muí ni ki he tokanga ʻa e kau minisitā moʻui ʻo e ʻIunioni ʻIulopé. ʻOku mafatukituki fēfē ʻa e palopalemá? Ko e fakatātaá, naʻe fakahaaʻi ʻi ha ako ʻi he 1998, ʻi he ngaahi fonua ʻe niʻihi, ʻi he vahaʻa ʻo e peseti ʻe 40 mo e 50 ʻo e tamaiki tangata taʻu 15 ʻoku nau inu pia tuʻumaʻu, lolotonga ia ko e tamaiki fefine ʻo e taʻumotuʻa ko iá ʻi ʻIngilani, Sikotilani, mo Uēlesí ʻoku nau lakasi ʻa e tamaiki tangatá ʻi hono maʻu ʻa e uainé mo e ʻolokaholó. ʻI Tenimaʻake, Finilani, mo Pilitānia, laka hake he vaeua ʻo e kau taʻu 15 kuo nau kona ʻosi, ʻo laka hake he tuʻo tahá. ʻOku toe tukuakiʻi ki he ʻolokaholó ʻa e mate ʻa e faʻahinga taʻu 15 ki he 29 ʻe laui afe ʻi he kotoa ʻo e ʻIunioní ʻi he taʻu taki taha. Ko e Fakataha ʻa e kau Minisitaá kuo nau fokotuʻu ai ha ako ki he ʻolokaholó ke ʻai ʻa e toʻutupú ke nau lāuʻilo fekauʻaki mo e ngaahi nunuʻa ʻo e inú.
Ngaahi Fakatuʻutāmaki ʻo e Huhu Totó
“Ko e taha ʻi he huhu toto ʻe tolu naʻe fai ia ʻi he taimi naʻe ʻikai totonu ke fai ai, ʻo fakatatau ki he ngaahi fakahinohino [ʻa Niu Sau Uele] ki he Moʻui Leleí,” ko e līpooti ia ʻa e Sydney Morning Herald ʻa ʻAositelēliá. “ʻOku fiemaʻu ʻi he ngaahi fakahinohinó ha huhu toto kapau ʻoku ʻi he fitú pe ʻi lalo ai ʻa e lēvolo ʻo e hemokolopini ʻo e tokotaha mahakí.” Ko Dr. Ross Wilson, ʻa ia naʻá ne fai ʻa e ako ki hono ngāueʻaki ʻo e totó, naʻá ne fakamatala ʻo pehē “ko hono fai ha huhu toto ʻoku ʻikai fiemaʻu ʻe lava ke tāmateʻi ai ha tokotaha mahaki ʻaki hono fakatupunga ʻa e tuʻu e tā ʻo e mafú.” Fakatatau ki ha ako naʻe fai ʻe Dr. Wilson ʻi he taʻu ʻe ono ki muʻá, “ko e [kau ʻAositelēlia] ʻe toko 18,000 nai ʻi he taʻu, naʻa nau mate ko e tupu mei he mahaki naʻa nau maʻu fakahangatonu ko e fakatupunga ʻi he founga fakafaitoʻo naʻa nau maʻú.” ʻOku pehē ʻe Dr. Wilson ʻoku taau ke fakamanatu ki he kau toketaá fekauʻaki mo e ngaahi fakahinohino fakaemoʻuilelei ki he huhu totó ʻi he taimi taki taha ʻoku nau fiemaʻu ai ha huhu totó, pea pehē foki ke fakahā ki he kau mahakí ʻa e ngaahi fakahinohinó koeʻuhi ke lava ai ʻo nau fehuʻi hangatonu ki heʻenau toketaá.
Ko e Mālohi ʻo ha Kiʻi Mohé
Fakatatau ki he mataotao Pilitānia ʻi he mohé ko Palōfesa Jim Horne ʻo e ʻUnivēsiti Loughborough, ko e faitoʻo lelei taha ki he tulemohe he hoʻatā efiafí “ko e kiʻi mohe pē ʻi ha miniti ʻe hongofulu,” ko e līpooti ia ʻa e The Times ʻo Lonitoní. ʻOku fakahaaʻi mālohi ʻe Horne: “ʻOku hangē ia ko ha faʻahinga faitoʻo pē: ko e ofi ange ki he taimi ʻo e faingataʻá ʻa hoʻo ngāueʻaki ʻa e faitoʻó, ko ʻene ola lelei angé ia.” Ko e ngaahi kautaha ʻe niʻihi ʻi he ʻIunaite Seteté kuo nau fokotuʻu ʻa e ngaahi loki mohe—fakataha mo e ngaahi mohenga, kafu, pilo, mo e ngaahi ongo fakanonga ki heʻenau kau ngāué, fakataha mo e uasi tatangi kuo fakapolokalamaʻi ke lea ʻi he miniti ʻe 20 kotoa pē. Ka ʻoku fakatokanga mai ʻa Palōfesa Horne kapau te ke mohe ʻo fuʻu lōloa—tau pehē, ʻi he miniti ʻe 25—te ke ʻā hake nai ai ʻo ongoʻi kovi ange. “ʻI he aʻu pē ʻa e mohe ʻa e sinó ʻo fakalaka atu ʻi he miniti ʻe hongofulú ʻoku kamata leva ke fakakaukau ia kuo poʻuli pea ʻoku kamata leva ke haʻu ʻa e taimi mohe maʻú ia.”
Sisinó mo e Kanisaá
“Ko e sisinó ʻa e tupuʻanga alakalofi tefito ʻo e kanisā ʻi he lotolotonga ʻo e faʻahinga ʻoku ʻikai ifi ʻi he māmani ʻo e Uēsité,” ko e līpooti ia ʻa e The Times ʻo Lonitoní. Kuo fakahaaʻi ʻi ha fekumi taʻu ʻe 50 ko e ngaahi liliu ʻi he founga moʻuí—ʻo kau ai ʻa e fakaholó kapau ʻoku fuʻu sino—ʻe lava ke ne holoki peseti ʻe 50 ʻa e hoko ʻa e kanisaá ki he faʻahinga taʻeifí. “Kapau ko ha tokotaha koe ʻoku ʻikai te ke ifi, ko e meʻa ʻe ua ʻoku fai moʻoni ki ai ʻa e tokangá, ko e hoko ʻo fuʻu sinó pea mo e vailasi ʻokú ne fakatupunga ʻa e kanisā ʻi he keté mo e kau ki tuʻa ʻo e taungafanaú,” ko e lau ia ʻa Palōfesa Julian Peto ʻo e Akoʻanga Fakatotolo ki he Kanisā ʻa Pilitāniá. “Ko e ngaahi ʻahiʻahi kuo fai ki he fanga manu ʻa ia kuo fakangatangata ʻenau kaí ʻoku fakahaaʻi ai ʻa e fakasiʻisiʻi lahi ʻo e fakatuʻutāmaki ʻi he hoko ʻo kanisaá.” ʻOku lau ʻoku sino ha tokotaha ʻi he tuʻunga fakafaitoʻó kapau ko e mamafa ʻo e sinó ʻoku lahi hake ʻi he peseti ʻe 20 ʻi he mamafa totonu ʻo e sinó ʻo fakatatau ki hono taʻumotuʻá, tangata pe fefine, māʻolungá, mo e faʻunga ʻo e sinó.