Vakai ki he Māmaní
ʻUhinga ʻOku ʻAi Ai ʻe he Katá Ke Te Ongoʻi Leleí
Ko e hā ʻoku ongo mātuʻaki lelei ai ke katá? ʻOku fakahaaʻi ʻi he fakatotoló ʻoku fakalongomoʻuiʻi ʻe he fakakatá ʻo ʻikai ko e ngaahi tafaʻaki pē ʻo e foʻi ʻutó ʻoku fekauʻaki mo e ʻiló pea mo e leá, kae toe pehē foki ki he nucleus accumbens, ko ha tafaʻaki kuo fakafehokotaki ki he fiefiá mo e toʻoa-lotó, ko e līpooti ia ʻa e Vancouver Sun. Fakatatau kia Dr. Allan Reiss ʻo e ʻUnivēsiti Stanford, ko e tafaʻaki niulolo ko ení ko e “sisitemi tokoni mātuʻaki mālohi ʻaupito ia ʻo e ʻutó.” ʻOku tui ʻa Reiss ko e ako ki he fakakatá ʻe lava ke tokoni ia ki he kau toketaá ke nau mahinoʻi lelei ange ai ʻa e tōʻonga fakasōsialé. “Ko e anga fakakata ʻa ha taha ʻokú ne faʻa puleʻi ʻa e founga, faʻahinga pe ʻo kapau ʻoku tau fokotuʻu ha ngaahi kaumeʻa pea naʻa mo e ngaahi vahaʻangatae fakaemanako tuʻuloá,” ko e lau ia ʻa Dr. Reiss. “Ko e fakakatá foki ko ha founga fakaeʻuniveesi ia ʻoku fekukiʻaki ʻi he taimi ʻoku fehangahangai ai [ʻa e kakaí] mo e ngaahi loto-mafasia kehekehé kotoa.”
‘Ko e Mahaki Foʻou ʻi he Senituli Hono 21’
Ko e anga ia hono fakamatalaʻi ʻe he kau saikaitulika ʻe niʻihi ʻa e “maʻunimā” foʻou ʻe he ngaahi telefoni toʻotoʻó. Fakatatau ki ha fakatotolo ʻa e Senitā Makehe ki he Faitoʻo mo e Fakaakeake mei he Ngaahi Maʻunimā Fakasōsialé (CETRAS), ko e tokolahi taha ʻoku tōngofuá ko e “kakai fefine teʻeki mali taʻu 16-25, ʻa ia ʻoku nau mā, taʻematuʻotuʻa mo ongoʻi feifeitamakí,” ko e līpooti ia ʻa e nusipepa Sipeini ko e El País. Ko e “maʻunimaá” ʻoku iku ia ki “ha havala ke ngāueʻaki ʻa e ngaahi telefoni toʻotoʻó ke tā holo mo ʻave pōpoaki,” ko e lau ia ʻa e saikaitulika ko Blas Bombín. ʻI he taimi ʻoku ʻikai te nau lava ai ke ngāueʻaki ʻenau telefoni selulaá, ʻoku nau tofanga ʻi he “loto-moʻua mo e ʻiteʻita.” Ko e “maʻunimā” ʻe he telefoni selulaá ʻoku ʻikai ngata pē ʻi heʻene uesia ʻa e ngaahi vahaʻangatae mo e niʻihi kehé ka ʻoku toe mamafa foki. ʻOku lave ʻa e CETRAS ki he ngaahi keisi ʻo e kau mahaki ʻa ia ʻoku nau maʻu ʻa e telefoni toʻotoʻo ʻe valu ʻi he taimi tatau pea ʻoku nau moʻuaʻaki “ʻo aʻu ki he lahi ko e 800€ [$1,000] he māhina ʻi he ngaahi moʻua telefoní.”
Ikuʻi ʻa e Tōmuí
Kuo kamata ha kemipeini tauhi taimi fakapuleʻanga ʻi ʻEkuatoa. Fakatatau ki he makasini Economist, ʻoku fakafuofua, tuku kehe ʻa e ngaahi fakahohaʻa ʻokú ne fakatupungá, ʻoku fakatupunga ʻe he tōmuí ke mole ai mei ʻEkuatoa ʻa e $742 miliona ʻi he taʻu—peseti ʻe 4.3 ia ʻo e koloa fakalotofonua fakakātoa ʻa e fonuá kuo ngaohí. “Laka hake he vaeua ʻo e ngaahi meʻa fakapuleʻanga kotoa pē ʻoku kamata tōmui,” ko e fakamatala ia ʻi he līpōtí. Ko e kemipeini tauhi taimí kuo hoko ʻo lavameʻa. “ʻOku taʻofi ʻa e kau haʻu tōmuí mei he hū ki he ngaahi fakatahá,” ko e lau ia ʻa e Economist, pea “ʻoku pulusi ʻe ha nusipepa fakalotofonua ha lisi fakaʻaho ʻo e kau ʻōfisa fakapuleʻanga ʻa ia ʻoku nau aʻu tōmui ki he ngaahi meʻa ʻoku faí.”
Kumi ʻa e Kakai Fefiné ki he Fakatātā Fakalieliá
“ʻI he ngaahi taʻu ki mui ní, ko e ala ngāueʻaki, ala maʻu mo e ʻikai ala ʻiloʻi ʻa e tokotaha ʻoku ʻaʻaná ʻi he ʻInitanetí kuo ʻai ai ʻa e fakatātā fakalieliá ke manakoa taʻealafakaʻikaiʻi ʻe he kakai fefine ʻe laui miliona,” ko e lau ia ʻa e nusipepa Plain Dealer ʻo Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A. “Ko e meimei toko taha ʻi he kau ʻaʻahi ʻe toko tolu ki he ngaahi tuʻuʻanga Uepi ki he kakai lalahí ko ha fefine.” Naʻe kamata mamata ha faʻē taʻu 42 ʻe taha ʻi he fakatātā fakalieliá “ʻi he feinga ke mahinoʻi ʻa e meʻa naʻá ne tohoakiʻi ʻa hono mali ki muʻá. ʻIkai fuoloa, naʻá ne fakamoleki ʻo aʻu ki he houa ʻe 30 he uike ʻi he kumi he Uepí ki ha fakaʻaiʻai ʻo e fehokotaki fakasinó.”
Fuʻu Motuʻa ke Ako?
“ʻI he taimi naʻe fai ai ʻe he kau taʻu onó ha lēsoni ʻi ha [ako siʻi ʻi he Vahefonua Rift Valley ʻi Keniaá], naʻe hā mahino ai ha tokotaha ako naʻe lōloa ange ia ʻi he toengá,” ko e līpooti ia ʻa e nusipepa Daily Nation ʻo Nairobi. Ko ha tangataʻeiki taʻu 84 ia naʻe toki kau ki he kau kalasi tahá koeʻuhí “ke ne lava ʻo ako ke lau ʻa e Tohi Tapú.” Neongo ʻoku ʻi ai hono fanga makapuna ʻoku nau kalasi lalahi ki ʻolunga ʻiate ia, ʻokú ne kei kau pē ki heʻene ngaahi kalasí. “Kuo tala mai ʻe he kakaí kiate au ʻa e ngaahi meʻa ʻi he Tohi Tapú, ʻa ia ʻoku ʻikai te u ʻiloʻi pe ʻoku moʻoni, pea ʻoku ou loto ke lau ʻa e Tohi Māʻoniʻoní ʻiate au pē ke u fakapapauʻi,” ko e tala ange ia ʻe he tangatá ki he Nation. ʻI heʻene tui kakato ha teunga ako pea mo e ngaahi naunau ako kehe, ʻokú ne feinga ʻaki ʻene lelei tahá ke fai ki he ngaahi tuʻutuʻuni fefeka ʻa e akó. Neongo ia, ʻoku ʻi ai ʻa e ngaahi meʻa ʻe niʻihi ʻoku fakaʻatā ia ke ne fai ʻi ha founga kehe. ʻI he taimi ʻoku fakamālohisino mo lele takai holo ai ʻa e kau ako kehé, ʻoku “fakaʻatā ia ke ne faofao fakaalaala pē ʻa hono ngaahi uouá.”
Loto-Mafasia he Loki Talitalí
“Ko e kau mahaki Siamané kuo pau ke nau tatali ʻo fakaʻavalisi ki he miniti ʻe 48 ʻi he loki talitalí ki muʻa ke ui kinautolu ke nau hū ʻo sio ki he toketaá. ʻOku tatali ʻa e niʻihi ʻo fuʻu lōloa ange,” ko e lau ia ʻa e makasini Psychologie Heute. Ko ha fakatotolo ki muí ni ʻo e ngaahi pisinisi ʻa e kau toketā ʻe toko 610 naʻe fai ʻe he Akoʻanga ki he ʻAnalaiso ʻo e Fakalele-Pisinisí, Faleʻí mo e Fakalakalaka Mahuʻingá naʻe fakahaaʻi ai “ʻa e loto-mamahi lahi ʻa e kau mahakí ʻi he tuʻungá ni.” ʻI he ngaahi feituʻu ʻoku ʻikai lava ke fai ai ʻe he kau toketaá ha meʻa ke fakaleleiʻi ʻaki ʻa e palopalemá, “ʻoku hōloa ai ʻa e kau mahaki tuʻumaʻú ʻaki ʻa e peseti ʻe 19 ʻi loto ʻi he taʻu ʻe tahá,” ko e lau ia ʻa e līpōtí. Ko e ngaahi lēvolo ʻo e loto-mafasia ʻi he ngaahi pisinisi fuʻu tokolahí naʻe māʻolunga lahi ange ia fakatouʻosi ki he kau toketaá mo e kau tokoní ʻi he ngaahi ʻōfisi kehé, pea ko e lava ke fakahoko ʻa e ngāué naʻe māʻulalo ʻaki ʻa e vahe tolu ʻe taha. ʻIkai ngata aí, naʻe fai ʻe he kau tokoní ʻa e ngaahi hala lahi ʻo liunga ua.
Puputuʻu Fekauʻaki mo e Tonú pea mo e Halá
“Ko e meimei toko taha ʻi he kau ʻAositelēlia ʻe toko fā naʻa nau fakahaaʻi ʻenau kaihaʻa ʻa e naunau ngāué mei heʻenau ngāueʻangá,” ko e lau ia ʻa e Sun-Herald ʻo Seneé. Ko ha savea ʻo e kau ngāue ʻōfisi laka hake he toko 2,000 naʻe fakahaaʻi ai ko e ngaahi tōʻongafai anga-maheni ʻi he ngāueʻangá ʻoku toe kau ki ai ʻa hono maʻu ʻa e fakamatala fakafoʻituitui fekauʻaki mo honau ngaahi kaungāngāué, ngāueʻaki ʻa e ʻInitanetí ki he ngaahi ʻuhinga fakafoʻituitui ʻi he taimi ʻa e kautahá, fakahū ʻa e software taʻefakamafaiʻi ki he ngaahi komipiuta fakangāué pea mo hono ngāueʻaki ʻa e software ʻa e ʻōfisí ʻi ʻapi. “ʻOku ʻi ai ʻa e kakai tokolahi ʻa ia ʻoku hā mahino ʻenau puputuʻu fekauʻaki mo e meʻa ʻoku tonú pea mo ia ʻoku halá,” ko e lau ia ʻa Garie Dooley, ʻa ia naʻá ne tokangaʻi ʻa e saveá.
Tōʻonga Kai ʻa e Taʻu Hongofulu Tupú
“ʻOku tokolahi fakaʻulia ʻa e tamaiki fefine ako taʻu hongofulu tupú ʻoku nau liʻaki ʻa e ngaahi houa kaí koeʻuhi ko e loto-moʻua fekauʻaki mo e ngaahi fuo ʻo honau sinó pea mo ha holi ke faʻifaʻitaki ki he kau mōtolo sitailá pea mo e kau sitā manakoá,” ko e lau ia ʻa e Daily Telegraph ʻa Lonitoní. Ko ha fakatotolo ki he tōʻonga kai ʻa e kau ako ʻe toko 300,000 naʻe fai ʻe he ʻIuniti Fakaeako ki he Moʻui Leleí ʻa e Ngaahi ʻApiako ʻa Pilitāniá naʻe fakahaaʻi ai ʻo pehē ko e tamaiki fefine taʻu 14 mo e 15 laka hake he peseti ʻe 40 “naʻa nau ʻalu ki he akó ʻo ʻikai kai pongipongi. ʻI hono fakahoa atu ki he fakamatala meimei tatau naʻe tātānaki ʻi he 1984, ko e tokolahi ʻoku mavahe taʻekai mei ʻapí kuo meimei liunga ua.” Ko e tokolahi ʻo e faʻahinga ʻoku nau liʻaki ʻa e kai hoʻataá ʻoku toe tupulaki, mei he peseti ʻe 2 ʻi he 1984 ki he peseti ʻe 18 ʻi he 2001. Koeʻuhi ko e fakatuʻutāmaki mafatukituki ʻo e lava ke maʻu ʻe he kau akó ʻa e ngaahi mahaki-kai hangē ko e ʻanolekisia nevosá mo e pulīmiá, ʻoku kole ai ki he kau pule ako ʻo e ngaahi ʻapiako ki he tamaiki fefiné ke nau vakaiʻi ʻa e mamafa ʻo ʻenau fānau akó. ʻOku toe fakahaaʻi foki ʻe he tamaiki tangatá ʻa e mahuʻingaʻia lahi ange ʻi he kai fakaholó. ʻI honau lotolotongá, ko e peseti ʻe 31 ʻo e kau taʻu 12 mo e 13 mo e peseti ʻe 25 ʻo e kau taʻu 14 mo e 15 ʻoku nau loto ke holo honau mamafá, ko e ʻalu hake ia mei he peseti ʻe 26 mo e peseti ʻe 21.