Sisino ʻi he Kei Siʻí​—Ko e Hā ʻe Lava ke Fai Ki Aí?

KO E sisino ʻa e fānaú kuo aʻu ia ki he tuʻunga ko e mahaki ʻi he ngaahi fonua lahi. Ko e Kautaha Moʻui ʻa Māmaní ʻokú ne pehē ʻoku fakafuofua ko e fānau ʻe toko 22 miliona ʻi māmani lahi ʻi lalo hifo ʻi he taʻu nimá ʻoku nau fuʻu mamafa.

Ko ha savea fakapuleʻanga ʻi Sipeini naʻe fakahaaʻi ai ko e toko 1 mei he toko 3 kotoa pē ʻo e fānaú ʻoku hala pē ʻi heʻenau fuʻu mamafa ko ʻenau fuʻu sino. ʻI he taʻu pē ʻe hongofulu (1985-1995), naʻe liunga tolu ai ʻa e sisino ʻa e fānaú ʻi ʻAositelēlia. ʻI he taʻu ʻe tolungofulu fakamuimuí, ko e sisino ʻa e fānau taʻu 6 ki he 11 kuo laka hake ia ʻi he liunga tolú ʻi ʻAmelika.

Ko e sisino ʻi he kei siʻí ʻoku toe uesia ai ʻa e ngaahi fonua langalanga haké. Fakatatau ki he lau ʻa e Fakahoko Ngāue Fakavahaʻapuleʻanga ki he Sisinó, ʻi he ngaahi konga ʻe niʻihi ʻo ʻAfilika, ʻoku uesia ʻa e fānau tokolahi ange ʻe he sisinó ʻo laka ia ʻi he fasimanavá. ʻI he 2007, naʻe fika ua hake ai ʻa Mekisikou ki ʻAmelika ʻi he māmaní, ʻi he sisino kei siʻí. ʻOku lau ʻo pehē ʻi he Kolo Mekisikou pē taha, ko e peseti ʻe 70 ʻo e fānaú mo e toʻutupú ko e hala pē ʻi heʻenau fuʻu mamafá ʻoku nau sisino. Ko e toketā tafa ʻo e fānaú ko Dr. Francisco González ʻokú ne fakatokanga ʻo pehē mahalo pē ko e toʻutangata ko ení “ʻa e ʻuluaki toʻutangata ke mate ki muʻa ʻi heʻenau mātuʻá mei he ngaahi tuʻunga faingataʻa ʻo e sisinó.”

Ko e hā ʻa e ngaahi faingataʻá? ʻOku tolu ʻa ia ko e suka, toto māʻolunga mo e mahaki mafu. Ko e ngaahi palopalema fakaemoʻuilelei eni naʻe vakai ki ai ki muʻa naʻe faʻa uesia lahi taha ai ʻa e kakai lalahí. Fakatatau ki he ʻApiako Fakafaitoʻo ʻi ʻAmeliká, ko e peseti ʻe 30 ʻo e tamaiki tangatá mo e peseti ʻe 40 ʻo e tamaiki fefine kuo fāʻeleʻi ʻi ʻAmelika ʻi he taʻu 2000 ʻoku nau ʻi he tuʻunga fakatuʻutāmaki ʻi hono maʻu kinautolu ʻe he suka kalasi 2 ʻa ia ʻoku felāveʻi mo e sisinó.

ʻOku fakahaaʻi ʻi he saveá ha liliu fakatupu hohaʻa ʻi he lotolotonga ʻo e fānaú. Ko e mahiki hake ʻa e tuʻunga ʻo e sisinó ʻoku taki atu ia ki he mahiki hake ʻa e tuʻunga ʻo e toto māʻolungá. “Ka ʻikai fakafoki ʻa e maliu ko eni ʻo ʻalu he ʻataá ʻa e toto māʻolungá, ʻe lava ke tau fehangahangai mo ha tupu fakautuutu ʻo e ngaahi keisi ʻo e mahaki foʻou ʻi he mafú mo e kālava totó ʻi he fānaú mo e kakai lalahí,” ko e fakatokanga ia ʻa Dr. Rebecca Din-Dzietham ʻo e ʻApiako Fakafaitoʻo Morehouse ʻi Atlanta, Georgia.

Meʻa ʻOkú Ne Fakatupungá

Ko e hā ʻa e tupuʻanga ʻo e mahaki ko eni ʻi māmani lahi ʻo e sisino kei siʻí? Lolotonga ko e meʻa tefito ʻa hono maʻu mei he ongo mātuʻá, ko e tupu fakatupu hohaʻa ʻo e sisinó ʻi he ngaahi hongofuluʻi taʻu ki mui ní ʻoku ngali fakahaaʻi ai ʻoku ʻikai tupu ʻataʻatā pē ia mei he ongo mātuʻá. ʻOku fakahaaʻi ʻe Stephen O’Rahilly, ko e palōfesa ʻo e kilīniki paiōkemisitulī mo e faitoʻo ʻi he ʻUnivēsiti Cambridge ʻi ʻIngilaní: “ʻOku ʻikai fakamatalaʻi ʻe he tukufakaholó ʻa e mahiki hake ʻa e sisinó. Heʻikai lava ke tau liliu ʻa hotau tukufakaholó ʻo laka hake ʻi he taʻu ʻe 30.”

ʻI he fakamatala ki he ngaahi tupuʻangá, ʻoku pehē ʻe he Kilīniki Mayo, ʻi ʻAmeliká: “Neongo ʻoku ʻi ai ʻa e ngaahi tupuʻanga fakakēnisi mo fakahōmone ʻo e sisino kei siʻí, ko e lahi taha ʻo e fuʻu mamafá ʻoku fakatupunga ia ʻe he kai ʻo fuʻu hulu ʻa e kau leká pea siʻi ʻenau fakamālohisinó.” ʻOku fakatātaaʻi ʻe he fakatātā ʻe ua ʻa e hehema ʻo liliu ʻa e tōʻonga kai ʻi he ʻaho ní.

ʻUluakí, ʻi he siʻi e taimi mo e ivi ʻo e ngaahi mātuʻa ʻoku ngāué ke teuteu ai ʻa e meʻatokoní, kuo hoko ai ʻa e meʻakai vavé ʻo fakautuutu ʻene hoko ko e meʻakai anga-maheni. Ko e ngaahi falekai meʻakai vavé kuo vave ʻa ʻene kāpui ʻa e māmaní. Naʻe līpooti ʻi ha fakatotolo ʻe taha ʻo pehē ko e meimei vahe tolu ʻe taha ʻo e fānau ʻi ʻAmelika ʻoku taʻu 4 ki he 19 ʻoku nau kai ʻa e meʻakai vavé ʻi he ʻaho kotoa pē. Ko e meʻakai peheé ʻoku faʻa lahi ai ʻa e suká mo e ngakó pea ʻoku ʻomai ia ʻi he tuʻunga lalahi fakatauele.

Uá, kuo fetongi ʻe he inu melié ʻa e huʻakaú mo e vaí ko e inu ia ʻoku manakoá. Ko e fakatātaá, ʻoku fakamoleki ʻe he kau Mekisikoú ʻa e paʻanga lahi ange ʻi he taʻu taki taha ʻi he inu melié, tautefito ki he kolá, ʻo laka ia ʻi he fakatahaʻi ʻo e meʻakai tefito lahi taha ʻe hongofulu. Fakatatau ki he lau ʻa e tohi Overcoming Childhood Obesity, ko ha inu melie mililita ʻe 600 pē ʻe taha he ʻahó ʻe lava ke iku ia ki hano maʻu ʻo e pāuni ʻe 25 he taʻu!

ʻI he ʻikai ha longomoʻui fakaesinó, ko ha fakatotolo naʻe fakahoko ʻe he ʻUnivēsiti ʻo Glasgow ʻi Sikotilaní naʻe ʻiloʻi ai ko e tokolahi taha ʻo e kau taʻu tolú ʻoku nau “longomoʻui feʻunga ʻo aʻu ki he tuʻunga lahi” ʻi he miniti pē ʻe 20 he ʻaho. ʻI he fakamatala ki he fakatotolo ko iá, ko Dr. James Hill, ko ha palōfesa ʻo hono tokangaʻi ʻo e fānaú mo e faitoʻó ʻi he ʻUnivēsiti ʻo Colorado, naʻá ne pehē: “Ko e fakautuutu ʻo e natula ngāue tangutu ʻa e fānau ʻi he U.K. [Puleʻanga Fakatahataha Pilitāniá] ʻoku ʻikai ko ha meʻa foʻou ia pea ʻoku hā ia ʻi he ngaahi fonua lahi takatakai ʻi he māmaní.”

Ko e Hā ʻa e Fakaleleiʻangá?

Ko e kau mataotao ʻi he meʻakaí ʻoku ʻikai te nau fakaongoongoleleiʻi ʻa hono fakangatangata ʻo e kai ʻa e fānaú, he ʻe lava ke tuʻu ai ʻenau tupú mo ʻenau moʻui leleí. ʻI hono kehé, ʻoku fakamatala ʻe he Kilīniki Mayo: “Ko e taha ʻo e ngaahi founga lelei taha ke tauʻi ai ʻa e mamafa tōtuʻa hoʻo fānaú ko e fakaleleiʻi ʻenau kaí pea mo e tuʻunga fakamālohisino ʻa e kotoa ʻo ho fāmilí.”—Sio ki he puha ʻoku ʻoatu hení.

ʻAi ʻa e tōʻonga moʻui leleí ko e meʻa ia ʻoku tukupā ki ai ʻa e fāmilí. Kapau te ke fai ia, ʻe hoko leva ai ko ha founga moʻui ia ki hoʻo fānaú, ʻo nau hokohoko atu ai ʻo aʻu ki heʻenau lalahi.

[Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 28]

KO E HĀ ʻE LAVA KE FAI ʻE HE MĀTUʻÁ?

1 Fakatau mai pea ngāueʻaki ʻa e fuaʻiʻakau mo e vesitapolo lahi ange ʻi he ngaahi meʻakai ʻoku ngaohi vavé.

2 Fakangatangata ʻa e inu melié, ngaahi inu fakasuká, mo e meʻakai maʻamaʻa ʻoku lahi ai ʻa e ngakó mo e suká. ʻI hono kehé, ʻoatu ʻa e vai pe huʻakau ʻoku siʻi hono ngakó mo e meʻakai maʻamaʻa fakatupu moʻui lelei.

3 Ngāueʻaki ʻa e founga feimeʻatokoni ʻoku siʻi ange ai ʻa e ngakó, hangē ko e taʻo, tunu, mo haka mao, ʻo ʻikai ke fakapaku.

4 Vahevahe ʻa e meʻa siʻisiʻi ke kai.

5 Fakaʻehiʻehi mei hono ngāueʻaki ʻa e meʻakaí ko ha pale pe faiʻaki ha totongi fufū.

6 ʻOua ʻe fakaʻatā ke liʻaki ʻe he fānaú ʻa e kai pongipongí. Ko hono liʻakí ʻe iku ai ki he kai lahi ʻamui ange.

7 Tangutu ʻo kai ʻi he tēpilé. Ko e kai mo sio TV pe ʻi he komipiutá ʻoku fakaʻaiʻai ai ʻa e kai lahí pea fakasiʻisiʻi ai ʻene ongoʻi ʻoku mākoná.

8 Fakaʻaiʻai ʻa e vaʻingá, hangē ko e heka pasikalá, vaʻingaʻaki ʻa e foʻi pulú mo e tāfué.

9 Fakasiʻisiʻi ʻa e taimi ʻoku fakamoleki ʻi he sio televīsoné, ngāueʻaki ʻa e komipiutá mo e keimi vitioó.

10 Palani ha ngaahi ʻeva fakafāmili ʻo ueʻi ai ʻa e sinó, hangē ko e ō ʻo kaukau tahi, pe vaʻinga ʻi he paʻaké.

11 Vaheʻi ʻa e fanga kiʻi ngāue ke fai ʻe hoʻo fānaú.

12 Tā ʻa e sīpinga ʻi he kai ʻa e meʻakai fakatupu moʻui leleí mo e fakamālohisinó.

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Maʻuʻanga Fakamatala: The National Institutes of Health and the Mayo Clinic