ʻOku Totonu ke Malangaʻi ʻe he Haʻa Faifekaú ʻa e Politikí?
“KO E kau ʻi he politikí ʻe lava ke ne tokoniʻi ʻa e masivá, ko e tala ange ia ʻe ha pīsope-pule Kānata ki he kau pilikimí . . . Neongo ʻoku ʻikai hā ngali fehoanaki ʻa e sisitemi fakapolitikalé mo e finangalo ʻo e ʻOtuá, ‘ʻoku fiemaʻu ke tau hoko ʻo kau ki ai koeʻuhi ke lava ʻo tau ʻoatu ai ha fakamaau totonu ki he masivá.’”—Catholic News.
Ko e ngaahi līpooti fekauʻaki mo e kau taki lotu māʻolunga ʻoku nau pouaki ʻa e kau ʻi he politikí ʻoku ʻikai ke ngalikehe ia; pehē foki ʻoku ʻikai tātātaha ʻa e kau taki lotu ʻoku nau maʻu ha lakanga fakapolitikalé. Kuo feinga ʻa e niʻihi ke fakafoʻou ʻa e politikí. ʻOku fai ʻa e hohoi pea manatua ʻa e niʻihi ʻi heʻenau ngaahi feingatau ʻi he ngaahi ʻīsiu hangē ko ia ko e tuʻunga tatau fakamatakalí pea mo hono fakangata ʻosi ʻa e fakapōpulá.
Ka neongo ia, ʻoku ongoʻi hohaʻa ʻa e kau mēmipa tokolahi he siasí ʻi he taimi ʻoku fakafaʻafaʻahi ai ʻa ʻenau kau malangá ʻi he ngaahi ʻīsiu fakapolitikalé. “Ko e kau maʻu lotu Palotisaní naʻa nau fehuʻia he taimi ʻe niʻihi ʻa e kau fakahāhā ki ai ʻa ʻenau haʻa faifekaú,” ko e lau ia ʻa ha kupu ko e Christian Century ʻi he teolosia fakapolitikalé. ʻOku ongoʻi ʻe he kakai lotu tokolahi ʻoku fuʻu toputapu ʻa e siasí ke hoko ko ha feituʻu ia ki he politikí.
ʻOku langaʻi ʻe he meʻá ni ʻa e ngaahi fehuʻi mahuʻinga ʻa ia ʻoku tokanga ki ai ʻa e faʻahinga kotoa ʻoku nau fakaʻamu ke sio ki ha māmani lelei angé. ʻE lava ʻe he kau malanga ʻo e lotu faka-Kalisitiané ke fakaleleiʻi ʻa e politikí?a Ko e malangaʻi ʻo e politikí ʻa e founga ʻa e ʻOtuá ki hono fakahoko mai ha founga-pule lelei ange mo ha māmani lelei angé? Naʻe kamata ʻa e lotu faka-Kalisitiané ko ha founga foʻou ia ke ngāueʻaki ai ʻa e politikí?
Founga ʻo e Kamata ʻa e Politiki ʻi he Huafa ʻo Kalaisí
ʻI he Early Church, ʻoku pehē ai ʻe he faihisitōlia ko Henry Chadwick ko e muʻaki fakatahaʻanga Kalisitiané naʻe ʻiloa ia ʻi heʻene “taʻefietokanga ki hono maʻu ʻa e mafai ʻi he māmani ko ení.” Ko ha “feohiʻanga ia naʻe ʻikai fakapolitikale, ʻikai fakatupu hohaʻa pea fakafepaki mālohi ki he taú.” ʻOku pehē ʻe he History of Christianity: “Naʻe ʻi ai ha tuipau naʻe maʻu lahi ʻi he haʻohaʻonga ʻo e kau Kalisitiané ʻoku ʻikai totonu ke maʻu ʻe ha taha ʻo kinautolu ha lakanga ʻi he malumalu ʻo e tuʻunga fakapolitikalé . . . Fuoloa ʻi he kamataʻanga ʻo e senituli hono tolú naʻe pehē ai ʻe Hipolaitasi ko e tōʻonga faka-Kalisitiane fakahisitōliá naʻe fiemaʻu ai ha fakamaau fakalotofonua ke ne tukuange ʻa hono lakangá ʻa ia ko ha fiemaʻu ia ke ne kau ai ki he Siasí.” Neongo ia, faifai atu pē, naʻe kamata ai ke takimuʻa ʻa e kau tangata mānumanu mafaí ʻi he ngaahi fakatahaʻanga lahi, ʻo nau ʻai ai kia kinautolu ha ngaahi hingoa fakalakanga fakangeingeia. (Ngāue 20:29, 30) Naʻe loto ʻa e niʻihi ke nau hoko fakatouʻosi ko e kau taki lotu mo e taki fakapolitiki. Ko ha liliu fakafokifā ʻi he founga-pule ʻa Lomá naʻe ʻoange ai ki he kau faifekau ko iá ʻa e faingamālie naʻa nau fiemaʻú.
ʻI he taʻu 312 T.S., naʻe tafoki anga-fakakaumeʻa ai ʻa e ʻEmipola Loma pangani ko Konisitanitainé ki he lotu faka-Kalisitiane lau peé. Ko e meʻa fakaofó, he naʻe fiemālie pē ʻa e kau pīsope ʻo e siasí ke felotoi mo e ʻemipola panganí ʻi he fakafetongi ki he ngaahi monū naʻá ne ʻoange kia kinautolú. “Naʻe hoko ai ʻa e siasí ʻo kau lahi ange ki he ngaahi fili fakapolitikale mahuʻingá,” ko e tohi ia ʻa Henry Chadwick. Ko e hā ʻa e ola ʻo e kau ʻi he politikí ki he kau faifekaú?
Anga Hono Tākiekina ʻe he Politikí ʻa e Kau Malangá
Ko e foʻi fakakaukau ʻe ngāueʻaki ʻe he ʻOtuá ʻa e kau faifekaú ʻi he tuʻunga ko e kau politikí naʻe pouaki ia tautefito ʻe ʻAokositaine, ko ha teolosia Katolika mālohi ʻi he senituli hono nimá. Naʻá ne fakakaukauloto ki hono puleʻi ʻe he siasí ʻa e ngaahi fonuá pea mo hono ʻomai ai ʻa e melino ki he faʻahinga ʻo e tangatá. Ka naʻe tohi ʻe he faihisitōlia ko H. G. Wells: “Ko e hisitōlia ʻo ʻIulope mei he senituli hono nimá ʻo faai mai ai ki hono hongofulumānimá ʻoku kei hoko lahi pē ko e hisitōlia ia ʻo e taʻemalava ke fakahoko ʻa e foʻi fakakaukau lahi ko eni ʻo ha founga-pule fakaʻotua ʻi he māmaní.” Naʻe ʻikai ke ʻomai ʻe he Puleʻanga-Haʻa-Kalisitiané ha melino ki ʻIulope, ʻo ʻikai moʻoni ki he māmaní. Ko e meʻa ko ia naʻe fakakaukau ki ai ko e lotu faka-Kalisitiané naʻe mole ʻa ʻene alafalalaʻangá ʻi he vakai ki ai ʻa e tokolahi. Ko e hā naʻe fehālaakí?
Ko e tokolahi naʻa nau taukaveʻi ʻoku nau malangaʻi ʻa e lotu faka-Kalisitiané ne tohoakiʻi kinautolu ʻaki ʻa e ngaahi taumuʻa lelei ki he politikí, ka naʻa nau hoko ai ʻo fai ʻa e ngaahi ngāue kovi. Ko Mātini Lūtelo, ko ha tokotaha malanga mo ha tokotaha liliu ʻo e Tohi Tapú, ʻoku ʻiloa ia ʻi heʻene ngaahi feinga ke fakaleleiʻi ʻa e Siasi Katoliká. Kae kehe, ko ʻene tuʻu loto-toʻa ki he ngaahi tokāteline ʻa e siasí naʻe ʻai ai ia ʻe he faʻahinga naʻe ʻi ai ʻenau ngaahi taumuʻa fakapolitikale ke angatuʻú ke ne manakoa. Ne mole meia Lūtelo ʻa e tokaʻi ʻa e tokolahi ʻi he taimi naʻá ne kamata ai mo ia foki ke lea ʻi he ngaahi ʻīsiu fakapolitikalé. ʻI he kamatá naʻá ne leleiʻia ʻi he kakai māʻulalo ʻa ia naʻa nau angatuʻu ki he kau nōpele fakafeʻātungiá. ʻI he taimi leva ne hoko ai ʻa e angatuʻú ki he fakamālohí, naʻá ne fakaʻaiʻai ʻa e kau nōpelé ke laiki ʻa e angatuʻú, ʻa ia naʻa nau fai ia, ʻo tāmateʻi tavale ai ʻa e laui afe. ʻOku ʻikai ha ofo, ʻi he vakai kiate ia ʻa e kakai māʻulaló ko ha tokotaha lavakí. Naʻe toe fakaʻaiʻai foki ʻe Lūtelo ʻa e kau nōpelé ʻi heʻenau angatuʻu ki he ʻemipola Katoliká. Ko hono moʻoní, ko e kau Palotisaní, hangē ko ia ne nau hoko ʻo ʻiloa ko e kau muimui ʻo Lūteló, naʻa nau faʻufaʻu ʻi he kamatá pē ha ngaʻunu fakapolitikale. Naʻe anga-fēfē hono uesia ʻo Lūtelo ʻe he mafaí? Naʻe fakameleʻi ai ia. Ko e fakatātaá, neongo ko iá naʻá ne ʻuluaki fakafepakiʻi ʻa hono fakamālohiʻi ʻa e kau taʻelototatau fakalotú, naʻá ne fakaʻaiʻai ki mui ʻa hono ngaahi kaumeʻa fakapolitikalé ke nau fakahoko tautea ʻaki hono tutu ʻa e faʻahinga naʻa nau fakafepakiʻi ʻa e papitaiso ʻo e fanga kiʻi valevalé.
Ko Sione Kalaviní ko ha tangata malanga ʻiloa ia ʻi Siniva, ka naʻá ne hoko foki ʻo maʻu ʻa e tākiekina fakapolitikale lahi fakaʻulia. ʻI hono fakamatalaʻi ʻe Maikolo Sevitasi ko e Tolu-Tahaʻi-ʻOtuá ʻoku ʻikai hano makatuʻunga ʻi he Tohi Tapú, naʻe ngāueʻaki ai ʻe Kalavini ʻa ʻene tākiekina fakapolitikalé ke poupouʻiʻaki ʻa e tāmateʻi ʻo Sevitasí, ʻa ia naʻe tutu ʻi he pou ʻakaú. He afe fakalilifu moʻoni ē mei he ngaahi akonaki ʻa Sīsuú!
Mahalo pē ne ngalo he kau tangatá ni ʻa e meʻa ʻoku leaʻaki ʻe he Tohi Tapú ʻi he 1 Sione 5:19: “Ko hono kotoa ʻo mamani ʻoku ʻi he nima ʻo e Fili.” Naʻa nau maʻu ha holi fakamātoato ke fakaleleiʻi ʻa e politiki ʻi honau ʻahó, pe ko e ʻamanekina ki he mafaí mo hono maʻu ʻa e ngaahi kaumeʻa ʻi he ngaahi tuʻunga māʻolungá naʻá ne tohoakiʻi kinautolú? ʻI ha tuʻunga pē, naʻe totonu ke nau manatuʻi ʻa e ngaahi lea fakamānavaʻi ʻa e ākonga ʻa Sīsū ko Sēmisí: “ʻIkai ʻoku mou ʻilo, ko e takaua mo mamani ko e fakafili ia ki he ʻOtua? ko ia ʻilonga ʻa ia ʻoku loto ke takaua mo mamani ʻoku ne nofo ai ko e fili ʻo e ʻOtua.” (Semisi 4:4) Naʻe ʻiloʻi ʻe Sēmisi naʻe leaʻaki ʻe Sīsū ʻo fekauʻaki mo hono kau muimuí: “ʻOku ʻikai te nau ʻo māmāni, ʻo hange ko au, ʻoku ʻikai te u ʻo māmāni.”—Sione 17:14.
Naʻa mo ia, lolotonga hono ʻiloʻi ko e kau Kalisitiané ʻoku ʻikai totonu ke nau hoko ko ha konga ʻo e tuʻunga kovi ʻi he māmaní, ʻoku fakafepaki ʻa e tokolahi ki he hoko ʻo tuʻu-ʻatā fakapolitikalé, ʻo ʻikai moʻoni “ʻo māmāni.” ʻOku nau taukaveʻi ko e tuʻu-ʻatā peheé ʻoku taʻofi ai ʻa e kau Kalisitiané mei hono fakahāhā longomoʻui ʻa e ʻofa ki he niʻihi kehé. ʻOku nau tui ʻoku totonu ke lea ʻa e kau taki lotú pea fakahoko ha ngafa ʻi hono tauʻi ʻa e fakameleʻí mo e fakamaau taʻetotonú. Ka ʻoku taʻefehoanaki ʻa e tuʻu-ʻatā naʻe akoʻi ʻe Sīsuú mo e tokanga longomoʻui ki he niʻihi kehé? ʻE lava ha Kalisitiane ʻo hanganaki mavahe mei he ngaahi ʻīsiu fakatupu māvahevahe fakapolitikalé pea ʻomai ʻi he taimi tatau ʻa e tokoni ʻaonga ki he niʻihi kehé? ʻOku ʻanalaiso ʻe he kupu hoko maí ʻa e ongo fehuʻi ko ení.
[Fakamatala ʻi lalo]
a Kuo fakaʻuhingaʻi ʻa e politikí “ko e ngaahi ngāue fekauʻaki mo e founga-puleʻi ʻo ha fonua pe feituʻu, tautefito ki he tipeiti pe fepaki ʻi he vahaʻa ʻo e faʻahinga tāutaha pe ngaahi faʻahi ʻoku nau maʻu pe ʻamanaki ke maʻu ha mafaí.”—The New Oxford Dictionary of English.
[Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 4]
Naʻe fakangaloku ʻa e kau taki lotú ki he kau pule, hangē ko ʻEmipola Konisitanitainé, ke ne maʻu ʻa e mafai fakapolitikalé
[Maʻuʻanga]
Musée du Louvre, Paris
[Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 5]
Ko e hā ne tohoakiʻi ai ʻa e kau taki lotu ʻiloá ki he politikí?
ʻAokositaine
Lūtelo
Kalavini
[Maʻuʻanga]
ʻAokositaine: ICCD Photo; Kalavini: Portrait by Holbein, from the book The History of Protestantism (Vol. II)