ʻI he Fepaki ʻa e Lotu Moʻoní mo e Lotu Panganí
KO E ngaahi toetoenga ʻo ʻEfesō motuʻá, ʻi he matāfonua fakahihifo ʻo Toaké, kuo hoko ia ko e feituʻu ʻo e fakatotolo fakaʻākeolosia lahi ʻo laka hake ʻi ha senituli. Kuo toe langa ai ʻa e ngaahi fale lahi, pea kuo fakatotoloʻi ʻa e ngaahi meʻa lahi naʻe maʻú pea fakamatalaʻi ʻe he kau faisaienisí. Ko hono olá, ʻoku hoko ai ʻa ʻEfesō ko e taha ʻo e ngaahi feituʻu manakoa taha ʻi Toake ki he kau folau ʻeveʻevá.
Ko e hā kuo ʻiloʻi fekauʻaki mo ʻEfesoó? Ko e hā ʻa e fakamatala ʻe lava ke maʻu he ʻahó ni fekauʻaki mo e kolomuʻa fakatoʻoaloto motuʻa ko iá? Ko ha ʻaʻahi fakatouʻosi ki he ngaahi toetoenga ʻo ʻEfesoó mo e Misiume ʻEfesō ʻi Viena, ʻAosituliá, te ne tokoniʻi kitautolu ke tau mahinoʻi ʻa e anga ʻo e fepaki ʻa e lotu moʻoní mo e lotu panganí ʻi ʻEfesoó. ʻUluakí, tau vakai angé ki ha puipuituʻa.
Feituʻu Naʻe Fai ʻa e Mānumanu ki Ai
Naʻe fakaʻilongaʻi ʻe he taʻemanongá mo e fehikitakí ʻa ʻIulope-ʻĒsia lolotonga ʻa e senituli hono 11 K.M. Ko e taimi ia naʻe kamata ai ʻa e kau ʻAione Kalisí ke fokotuʻu kolonia ʻa e matāfonua fakahihifo ʻo ʻĒsia Mainá. Naʻe fetaulaki ai ʻa e muʻaki kau nofo ko iá mo e kakai naʻe ʻiloa ʻi heʻenau lotu ki ha ʻotua fefine ko e faʻē, ko ha ʻotua ʻa ia naʻe ʻiloa ki mui ko ʻĀtemisi ʻo ʻEfesoó.
ʻI he vaeuaʻanga ʻo e senituli hono fitu K.M., naʻe haʻu ai ʻa e kau Simelieni hikihiki holo mei he Tahi ʻUliʻulí ʻi he tokelaú ke faʻao fakamālohi ʻa ʻĒsia Maina. Ki mui ai, ʻi he 550 K.M. nai, naʻe mahiki hake ai ʻa Tuʻi Kolosasi ʻo Litiá, ko ha tokotaha-pule mālohi naʻe ongoongoa ʻi heʻene koloa lahi fakaʻuliá. ʻI hono fakalahi ʻa e ʻEmipaea Pēsiá, naʻe fakavaivaiʻi ai ʻe Tuʻi Kōlesi ʻa e ngaahi kolo ʻAioné, ʻo kau ai ʻa ʻEfesō.
ʻI he 334 K.M., naʻe kamata ai ʻe ʻAlekisānita ʻo Masitōniá ʻa ʻene feingatau ki Pēsiá, ʻo ne hoko ai ko e pule foʻou ʻo ʻEfesō. Hili ʻa e mate mutukia ʻa ʻAlekisānita ʻi he 323 K.M., naʻe hoko ʻo kau ai ʻa ʻEfesō ʻi ha fefāingaʻaki ki he mafaí ʻi he lotolotonga ʻo e kau seniale ʻa ʻAlekisānitá. ʻI he 133 K.M., naʻe hanga ai ʻe ʻAtalasi III, ko e tuʻi ʻo Peakamosí ʻa ia naʻe ʻikai haʻane fānau, ʻo foaki ʻa ʻEfesō ki he kau Lomá, ʻo ʻai ia ko e konga ʻo e vahefonua Loma ko ʻĒsiá.
Fepaki ʻa e Lotu Moʻoní mo e Lotu Panganí
ʻI he taimi naʻe haʻu ai ʻa e ʻapositolo ko Paulá ki ʻEfesō ʻi he ofi ki he ngataʻanga ʻo ʻene fononga fakamisinale hono uá ʻi he ʻuluaki senituli T.S., naʻá ne ʻiloʻi ai ha kolo ʻo e kakai naʻe fakafuofua ki he toko 300,000. (Ngāue 18:19-21) Lolotonga ʻa ʻene fononga fakamisinale hono tolú, naʻe foki ai ʻa Paula ki ʻEfesō pea ʻi he fakafoʻou ʻene loto-toʻá naʻá ne lea ai ʻi he sinakoké fekauʻaki mo e Puleʻanga ʻo e ʻOtuá. Kae kehe, ʻi he hili ʻa e māhina ʻe tolu, naʻe fakalalahi ʻa e fakafepaki mei he kau Siú, pea naʻe fili ai ʻa Paula ke fai ʻene ngaahi malanga fakaʻahó ʻi he loki ʻi he ʻapiako ʻo Tīlanó. (Ngāue 19:1, 8, 9) Ko ʻene ngāue fakamalangá naʻe ʻosi ia ʻi he taʻu ʻe ua, ʻo ʻalu fakataha mo e ngaahi ngāue mālohi anga-kehe, hangē ko e ngaahi fakamoʻui fakaemana pea mo hono kapusi ʻo e kau tēmenioó. (Ngāue 19:10-17) ʻOku ʻikai ha ofo ʻi he hoko ʻa e tokolahi ko e kau tuí! ʻIo, naʻe ikuna ʻa e folofola ʻa Sihová, ʻo loto-lelei ai ʻa e fuʻu tokolahi ʻo e kau tōʻongafai fakafaimana ki muʻá ke tutu ʻenau ngaahi tohi mahuʻingá.—Ngāue 19:19, 20.
Ko e malanga lavameʻa ʻa Paulá naʻe ʻikai ngata pē ʻi heʻene ueʻi ʻa e tokolahi ke liʻaki ʻa e lotu ki he ʻotua fefine ko ʻĀtemisí ka naʻá ne toe langaʻi foki ʻa e ʻita ʻi he faʻahinga naʻa nau pouaki ʻa e lotu pangani ko iá. Ko hono ngaohi ʻo e ngaahi feituʻu toputapu siliva ʻo ʻĀtemisí ko ha pisinisi tupu lelei ia. ʻI hono fakamanamanaʻi ʻenau ngāué, naʻe fakaʻaiʻai ai ʻe ha tokotaha tefito ko Temetelio ʻa e kau tufunga tuki silivá ke nau fakamoveuveu.—Ngāue 19:23-32.
Naʻe aʻu ʻa e fepakí ki hono tumutumú ʻi he kaikaila tavale ʻa e fuʻu kakaí ʻo feʻunga mo e houa ʻe ua: “Langilangi ā ka ko Taiana [pe ʻĀtemisi], ko e ʻotua ʻotautolu Efeso!” (Ngāue 19:34) Hili e holo hifo ʻa e fuʻu longoaʻá, naʻe toe fakalototoʻaʻi ʻe Paula ʻa hono kaungā Kalisitiané pea hoko atu leva ʻene fonongá. (Ngāue 20:1) Kae kehe, ko ʻene mavahe ki Masitōniá naʻe ʻikai ke ngata ai ʻa e hōloa hifo ke ngata ʻa e lotu fakaeouau kia ʻĀtemisí.
Ngalulu ʻa e Temipale ʻo ʻĀtemisí
Ko e lotu fakaeouau kia ʻĀtemisí naʻe fokotuʻu maʻu ia ʻi ʻEfesō. Ki muʻa ʻi he taimi ʻo Tuʻi Kolosasí, ko e ʻotua fefine ko e faʻē ko Sipelé ʻa e tokotaha tefito ʻo e moʻui fakalotu ʻi he feituʻu ko iá. ʻI hono fokotuʻu ha fehokotaki laine hohoko fakaetalatupuʻa meia Sipele ki he ngaahi ʻotua Kalisí, naʻe ʻamanaki ai ʻa Kolosasi ke fokotuʻu ha tokotaha fakalotu ʻe ala tali fakatouʻosi ʻe he kau Kalisí mo e faʻahinga ʻikai ko e Kalisí. ʻI heʻene poupoú, naʻe kamata ai ʻi he vaeuaʻanga ʻo e senituli hono ono K.M., ʻa e ngāue ki he temipale ʻo e fetongi ʻo Sipelé, ko ʻĀtemisi.
Ko e temipalé ko ha maka-maile ia ʻi he tā mape ʻa Kalisí. Ne teʻeki ai ʻaupito ke ngāueʻaki ki muʻa ha ngaahi fuʻu konga maka māpele lalahi pehē ke faʻuʻaki ha fale ʻo e kalasi mo e lahi ko ení. Naʻe fakaʻauha ʻaki ʻa e afi ʻa e temipalé ʻi he 356 K.M. Ko e temipale fisifisimuʻa tatau naʻe toe langá ko ha maʻuʻanga ngāue mahuʻinga ia pea ko ha feituʻu manakoa lahi ki he kau pilikimí. ʻI hono fokotuʻu ʻi ha peletifoomu mita nai ʻe 73 hono fālahí kae mita ʻe 127 hono lōloá, ko e temipale naʻe toe langá naʻe fakafuofua ia ki he mita ʻe 50 hono fālahí pea mita ʻe 105 hono lōloá. Naʻe vakai ki ai ko e taha ia ʻo e ngaahi meʻa fakaofo ʻe fitu ʻo e māmaní. Kae kehe, naʻe ʻikai ke fiefia ai ʻa e tokotaha kotoa pē. Ko e filōsefa ko Helakilitasi ʻo ʻEfesoó naʻá ne fakatatau ʻa e ʻunuʻunu atu ki he ʻōlitá ʻi he fakapoʻulí ki he fakapoʻuli ʻo e tuʻunga fulikivanú, pea naʻá ne vakai ki he ngaahi ʻulungāanga ʻi he temipalé naʻe kovi ange ia ʻi he anga ʻo e fanga manú. Kae kehe, ki he tokolahi tahá, ko e temipale toputapu ʻo ʻĀtemisi ʻi ʻEfesoó ne hā ia ʻo hangē ʻe ʻikai ʻaupito holofa ki laló. Naʻe fakamoʻoniʻi ʻe he hisitōliá ʻa e meʻa kehe. Ko e tohi Ephesos—Der neue Führer (ʻEfesō—Ko e Tataki Foʻoú) ʻoku fakamatala ai: “ʻI he aʻu mai ki he senituli hono uá, naʻe tūʻulu fakafokifā hifo ai ʻa e lotu kia ʻĀtemisí pea mo e ngaahi ʻotua kehe ʻo e temipalé naʻe fokotuʻú.”
ʻI he senituli hono tolu T.S., naʻe luluʻi ai ʻa ʻEfesō ʻe ha mofuike lahi. ʻIkai ngata aí, ko e ngaahi koloa fakaueʻiloto ʻo e temipale ʻo ʻĀtemisí naʻe kaihaʻasi ia ʻe he kau kaivai Kofa mei he Tahi ʻUliʻulí, ʻa ia naʻa nau toki tutu leva ʻa e temipalé. Ko e tohi ne toki ʻosi lave ki aí ʻoku pehē ai: “ʻI hono ikunaʻi pea ʻikai lava ke ne maluʻi ʻa hono nofoʻangá tonu, ʻe lava fēfē ke toe ʻi ai ha fakakaukau ko ʻĀtemisi ʻa e tokotaha maluʻi ʻo e koló?”—Sāme 135:15-18.
Fakaʻosí, ʻi he fakaofiofi ki he ngataʻanga ʻo e senituli hono fā T.S., naʻe fokotuʻu ai ʻe ʻEmipola Fiotosiasi I ʻa e “lotu faka-Kalisitiané” ko e lotu ia ʻa e Puleʻangá. Naʻe vave ʻa e hoko ʻa e temipale lāngilangiʻia ki muʻa ne langa ʻaki ʻa e maka ʻo ʻĀtemisí ko ha keliʻanga maka ki he ngaahi naunau langá. Naʻe ngoto hifo ʻa e lotu kia ʻĀtemisí ki ha tuʻunga taʻeʻiloa fakaʻaufuli. Naʻe fakamatala ha tokotaha mamata ʻoku ʻikai fakahaaʻi hono hingoá fekauʻaki mo ha foʻi maau naʻe viki ai ʻa e temipalé ko ha meʻa fakaofo ia ʻo e māmani motuʻá: “ʻOku hoko ia he taimí ni ko ha feituʻu lala mo feifeiʻavale.”
Meia ʻĀtemisi ki he “Faʻē ʻa e ʻOtuá”
Naʻe fakatokanga ʻa Paula ki he kau tangata matuʻotuʻa ʻo e fakatahaʻanga ʻi ʻEfesoó ʻo pehē ʻi he hili ʻene mavahé ʻe hā ai ha “fanga ulofi anga malohi” pea ʻe malanga hake ʻa e kau tangata ʻi honau lotolotongá ʻo “leaʻaki ʻa e ngaahi meʻa ʻoku ʻalu kehe.” (Ngāue 20:17, 29, 30) Ko e meʻa tofu pē ia naʻe hokó. ʻOku fakaeʻa ʻe he ngaahi meʻa naʻe hokó naʻe ikuna ʻa e lotu loí ʻi ʻEfesō ʻi he faʻunga ʻo e lotu faka-Kalisitiane tafoki mei he moʻoní.
ʻI he 431 T.S., ko ʻEfesō ʻa e tuʻuʻanga ʻo e kosilio hono tolu ʻa e siasi fakatahatahá, ʻa ia naʻe fai ai ʻa e lāulea ki he ʻīsiu ʻo e natula ʻo Kalaisí. ʻOku fakamatala ʻa e Ephesos—Der neue Führer: “Ko e ikuna ʻa e kau muimui ʻo ʻAlekisānitá, ʻa ia naʻa nau pehē ko Kalaisi naʻe ʻi he natula pē ʻe taha, ʻa ia ko e natula fakaʻotuá, . . . naʻe kakato.” Naʻe mafolalahia ʻa e ngaahi nunuʻá. “Ko e fili naʻe aʻu ki ai ʻi ʻEfesoó, ʻa ia naʻe hiki hake fakafou ai ʻa Mele mei he tuʻunga ko e tokotaha naʻá ne fanauʻi ʻa Kalaisí ki he tuʻunga ko e tokotaha naʻá ne fanauʻi ʻa e ʻOtuá, naʻe ʻikai ngata pē ʻi heʻene faʻu ʻa e makatuʻunga ki he lotu fakaeouau kia Melé ka ne toe faʻu foki ʻa e ʻuluaki māvahevahe lahi ʻi loto he siasí. . . . ʻOku aʻu mai ʻa e fakakikihí ki he ʻahó ni.”
Ko ia ai, ko e lotu kia Sipele mo ʻĀtemisí naʻe fetongiʻaki ia ʻa e lotu kia Mele ko e “tokotaha naʻá ne fanauʻi ʻa e ʻOtuá” pe ko e “faʻē ʻa e ʻotuá.” Hangē ko e fakamatala ʻa e tohí, “ko e lotu fakaeouau kia Mele ʻi ʻEfesoó . . . ʻoku kei ngāueʻaki ia ʻo aʻu mai ki he ʻahó ni ko ha talatukufakaholo moʻui, ʻa ia ʻoku ʻikai lava ke fakamatalaʻi ia ʻo mavahe mei he Lotu Fakaeouau kia ʻĀtemisí.”
ʻI he Tuʻunga Kuo Ngalo ʻo e Hisitōliá
Hili ʻa e hōloa ʻa e lotu kia ʻĀtemisí naʻe hoko mai ai ʻa e tō ki lalo ʻa ʻEfesoó. Ko e ngaahi mofuike, malēlia mo e movete māmālie ʻa e maka ʻo e taulangá naʻá ne ʻai ʻa e moʻui ʻi he koló ke toe faingataʻa lahi ange ai pē.
ʻI he aʻu ki he senituli hono fitu T.S., naʻe kamata ai ke mafola ʻi ha tuʻunga lahi ʻa e ʻIsilamí. Naʻe ʻikai fakangatangata pē ʻa e ʻIsilamí ki hono fakatahatahaʻi ʻa e ngaahi matakali ʻAlepea ʻi he malumalu ʻo ʻene faʻahinga tuí. Naʻe hanga ʻe he ngaahi vaka ʻAlepeá ʻo ʻave ʻa e koloa ʻa ʻEfesoó ʻi he kotoa ʻo e senituli hono fitu mo hono valu T.S. Naʻe fakapapauʻi tā tuʻo taha ʻa e ikuʻanga ʻo ʻEfesoó ʻi he taimi naʻe movete fakaʻaufuli ai ʻa e taulangá pea hoko ai ʻa e koló ko ha fokotuʻunga ʻo e toetoenga maka. ʻI he fekauʻaki mo e kolomuʻa fisifisimuʻa ko ia ki muʻá, ko e nofoʻanga siʻisiʻi pē ai ʻe taha ko Aya Soluk (ko Selçuk ia he taimí ni) naʻe kei toé.
Ko ha Luelue ʻi he Toetoenga ʻo ʻEfesoó
Ke maʻu ha mahino fekauʻaki mo e lāngilangi ʻo ʻEfesō motuʻá, ʻe lava ke te ʻaʻahi ki hono ngaahi toetoengá. Kapau te ke kamata ha ʻeveʻeva mei he hūʻanga ʻi ʻolungá, te ke maʻu ai he taimi pē ko iá ha vakai fisifisimuʻa ki he Hala ʻo e Kau Kulití ʻo ʻalu hifo ai ki he Laipeli ʻa Selisasí. ʻI he tafaʻaki toʻomataʻu ʻo e halá, ko e ʻŌtiumé—ko ha kiʻi fale faiva naʻe langa ʻi he senituli hono ua T.S.—te ne tohoakiʻi ʻa hoʻo mahuʻingaʻiá. ʻI hano sea ʻoku malava ke nofo ai ha toko 1,500 nai, ʻoku ngalingali naʻe ngāueʻaki ia ʻo ʻikai ngata pē ko ha loki fakataha kae toe pehē foki ki he fakafiefia fakapuleʻangá. Ko e Hala ʻo e Kau Kulití ʻoku ʻotu ʻi hono ongo tafaʻaki fakatouʻosi ʻa e ngaahi fale, hangē ko e māketi Fakapuleʻangá ʻa ia naʻe fai ai ʻa e lāulea ki he ngaahi meʻa Fakapuleʻangá, ko e temipale ʻo Hetilianí, ko e ngaahi fauniteni fakapuleʻanga mo e ngaahi fale ʻi he tafatafaʻaki moʻungá—ko e ngaahi nofoʻanga ʻo e kau ʻEfesō māʻolungá.
Ko e Laipeli fakaʻofoʻofa ʻo Selisasí ʻa ia naʻe langa ʻi he senituli hono ua T.S., ʻe maongo kiate koe ʻi hono fakaʻofoʻofá. Ko ʻene ngaahi takainga tohi lahí naʻe tauhi ia ʻi ha ngaahi tukuʻanga meʻa he holisí ʻi ha fuʻu loki lautohi. Ko e maka fakamanatu ʻe fā ʻi he konga fisifisimuʻa ki muʻa ʻo e falé naʻe tā valivali ai ʻa e ngaahi ʻulungāanga anga-maheni naʻe ʻamanekina mei ha tokotaha ngāue fakapuleʻanga māʻolunga hangē ko Selisasí ʻa ia: ko e Sōfia (poto), ʻĀleti (ʻulungāanga lelei), ʻInoia (līʻoa), mo e ʻEpisiteme (ʻiló pe mahinó). Ko e muʻaki ngaahi maka fakamanatú ʻe lava ke sio ai ʻi he Misiume ʻEfesō ʻi Viená. ʻIkai mamaʻo mei he lotoʻā ki muʻa ʻo e laipelí, ʻoku taki ai koe ʻe ha fuʻu matapā lahi ki he ʻākola Tetalokonosí, ʻa e māketí. ʻI he fuʻu malaʻe fakakolo ko ení, ʻa ia naʻe takatakaiʻi ʻe ha feituʻu ʻeveʻeva naʻe ʻi ai hono fakamalumalu, naʻe fakahoko ai ʻe he kakaí ʻenau ngaahi ngāue pisinisi tuʻumaʻú.
Hokó, ʻokú ke ʻalu ai ki he Hala Māpelé, ʻa ia ʻoku taki atu ai ki he fale faiva lahí. ʻI he ngaahi fakalahi fakaʻosi naʻe fai ʻi he taimi ʻo e ʻemipaea Lomá, ko e sea ʻo e fale faivá naʻe feʻunga ia mo e kau mamata nai ʻe toko 25,000. Ko hono konga ki muʻá naʻe teuteuʻi lahi ia ʻe he ngaahi fuʻu pou, ngaahi fakatātā ʻoku tongi he holisí, mo e ngaahi maka fakamanatu. ʻE lava ke ke sioloto atu ki he maeʻeeʻa ʻa e fuʻu vālau naʻe langaʻi ʻe Temetelio ko e tufunga tuki silivá ʻi he fuʻu kakai naʻe fakatahataha aí.
Ko e ngaahi hala ʻoku lele mei he fale faiva lahí ki he taulanga ʻo e koló ʻoku fisifisimuʻa. ʻOku mita ʻe 500 nai ʻa hono lōloá pea mita ʻe 11 hono fālahí, ʻo teuteuʻi ʻaki ʻa e ngaahi ʻotu pou ʻi he ongo tafaʻakí fakatouʻosi. Ko e loki sipoti ʻi he fale faivá mo e fale sipoti ʻi he taulangá, ʻa ia naʻe taʻofi fakatouʻosi ki he ako fakamālohisinó, naʻe toe langa foki ia ʻi he hala ko ení. Ko e matapā fakaueʻiloto ʻo e taulangá ʻi he ngataʻanga ʻo e halá ʻa e hūʻanga ki he māmani lahí, pea ʻoku ngata heni ʻa ʻetau ʻeveʻeva nounou ki he niʻihi ʻo e ngaahi toetoenga fakatoʻoaloto taha ʻo e māmaní. Ko e misiume ʻEfesō ʻi Viená ʻoku tauhi ai ha sīpinga papa ʻo e kolomuʻa fakahisitōlia ko ení pea pehē ki he ngaahi maka fakamanatu lahi fau.
Ko e ʻeveʻeva ʻi he misiumé ʻo sio ki he maka fakamanatu ʻo ʻĀtemisi ʻo ʻEfesoó, ʻokú te ʻosi fakakaukau atu ai pē ki he kātaki ʻa e muʻaki kau Kalisitiane ʻi ʻEfesoó. Naʻe pau ke nau nofo ʻi ha kolo naʻe fonu ʻi he fakahaʻele faʻahikehé pea fakakuihi ʻe he ngaahi tomuʻa fehiʻa fakalotú. Naʻe fetaulaki ʻa e pōpoaki ʻo e Puleʻangá mo e fakafepaki kakaha mei he kau lotu kia ʻĀtemisí. (Ngāue 19:19; Efeso 6:12; Fakahā 2:1-3) ʻI he ʻātakai ʻikai anga-talitali kakai ko iá, naʻe hoko ʻo faiaka ai ʻa e lotu moʻoní. Ko e lotu ko eni ki he ʻOtua moʻoní ʻe toe ikuna ia ʻi he taimi ʻe hoko ai ʻo ngata ʻa e lotu loi ʻi hotau ʻahó ʻo hangē tofu pē ko ia naʻe hoko ki he lotu motuʻa kia ʻĀtemisí.—Fakahā 18:4-8.
[Mape/Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 26]
(Ki he konga tohi kuo fokotuʻu kakato, sio ki he tohi)
MASITŌNIA
Tahi ʻUliʻuli
ʻĒSIA MAINA
ʻEfesō
Tahi Metiteleniane
ʻISIPITE
[Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 27]
Toetoenga ʻo e temipale ʻo ʻĀtemisí
[Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 28, 29]
1. Laipeli ʻo Selisasí
2. Vakai ofi ki he ʻĀletí
3. Hala Māpele, ʻoku taki atu ki he fale faiva lahí