ʻE Lava ke Fakahaofi Kinautolu mei he ʻAuhamālié?
ʻI HE 2002, naʻe fanongonongo ai ʻe he Ngaahi Puleʻanga Fakatahatahá ʻa e taumuʻa ʻo pehē ʻi he aʻu ki he ngataʻanga ʻo e hongofuluʻi taʻú, ko e tuʻunga ʻoku hoko ai ʻa e ngaahi meʻamoʻuí ʻo ʻauhamālié mo e maumauʻi ʻo e ʻekosisitemá ʻe holo. ʻI he fehokotaki mo e taumuʻa ko iá, ko e 2010 ʻe hoko ko e Taʻu Fakavahaʻapuleʻanga ia ʻo e Faʻahinga Kehekehe ʻo e Meʻamoʻuí.
Ko e meʻa fakamamahí, ʻi he aʻu ki he taʻu ko iá, naʻe ʻikai ofiofi aʻusia ʻa e taumuʻá. “Ko ha ola fakahangatonu ʻo e ngāue ʻa e tangatá,” ko e līpooti ia ʻa e BBC, “ʻoku hoko ai ʻa e ngaahi meʻamoʻuí ʻo ʻauhamālie ʻi he lahi ko e liunga 1,000 lahi ange ʻi he ʻavalisi anga-mahení.” Naʻe aʻu ʻo toe fakaikiiki ange ʻa e New Zealand Herald, ʻi hono fakahaaʻi: “Ko e taha ʻi he ʻakau ʻe nima, taha ʻi he mēmolo ʻe nima, taha ʻi he manupuna ʻe fitu mo e taha ʻi he manu totolo ʻe tolu ʻoku fakamanamanaʻi ʻi ha ʻauhamālie fakaemāmani lahi.” ʻOku hā mahino ha tafaʻaki ʻo e palopalemá ʻi he taimi ʻoku tau sivisiviʻi ai ʻa e meʻa kuo hoko ʻi Nuʻu Sila ʻi he faai mai ʻa e ngaahi senitulí.
Faʻahinga Kehekehe ʻo e Meʻamoʻui ʻi Nuʻu Silá
Ki muʻa ke nofoʻi ʻa Nuʻu Sila ʻe he tangatá, naʻe tupu ʻāfaʻafa ʻa hono ʻekosisitemá. Kae kehe, ko e muʻaki kau nofo aí, naʻa nau ʻomai ki ai ʻa e ngaahi meʻamoʻui naʻe fakatupu ʻauha ki he meʻamoʻui tuʻufonuá. Ko e fakatātaá, naʻe ʻomai ʻe he kau Maulí ʻa e fanga kulī mei he Pasifikí pea mo e kiore (pe ko e kumā Polinisia) nai, ʻa ia naʻe fakaʻaongaʻi ko e meʻakai.
ʻI he senituli leva hono 17 mo e 18, naʻe tūʻuta ai ʻa e kau ʻIulopé, pea naʻa nau haʻu mo kinautolu ʻa e fanga fuʻu kumā lalahi, fanga kiʻi kumā iiki, mo e fanga pusi—ko e fanga pusí naʻe vave ʻenau hoko ʻo kaivao. Naʻe toe ʻomai ʻe he kau ʻIulopé ʻa e fanga kosi, fanga puaka, mo e fanga tia ke maʻu mei ai ʻa e meʻakai. Lolotonga ʻa e senituli hono 19, naʻa nau ʻomai ʻa e pōsamu hiku fulufulua mo e lāpisi—ki he kakanoʻimanú mo e fulufulú—ʻo ʻikai ha fakakaukau ki he founga ʻe uesia ai ʻe he ngaahi meʻamoʻui ko ení ʻa e ʻuluʻakaú, fanga manupuná, mo e fanga kiʻi ʻakau īkí.
ʻI he aʻu mai ki he 1860 tupú, ko e tokolahi ʻo e fanga lāpisí naʻe ʻikai toe lava ke mapuleʻi ia, ko ia naʻe ʻomai ai ʻa e sitoutí. Kae kehe, naʻe saiʻia ange ʻa e fanga sitoutí ia ʻi hono kai ʻa e fanga manupuna tuʻufonua naʻa nau lele māmālie ʻaupito angé mo ʻikai hanau maluʻí. Ko hono olá, naʻe hokohoko atu ʻa e tupu ʻāfaʻafa ʻa e tokolahi ʻo e fanga lāpisí.
ʻI he ʻahó ni, tupu mei he tokolahi fakautuutu ʻo e fanga mēmolo maumaú, ko e Potungāue Maluʻi ʻĀtakai ʻa Nuʻu Silá ʻoku līpooti ai ʻo pehē ki muí ni mai ko e ʻuhikiʻi kiuī melomelo ʻe 9 mei he 10 ʻoku fōfoaʻi ʻi he vaotaá te nau mate ki muʻa ke nau taʻu tahá. Kuo ʻosi mole fakaʻaufuli ʻa e ngaahi meʻamoʻui lahi: ko e fanga manupuná, laka hake he 40; fanga potó, 3; fanga peká, 1; mo e fanga mokó, ʻikai siʻi hifo he 3—pea pehē ki he faʻahinga lahi fau ʻo e ʻinisēkité. Laka hake he vaeua ʻo e ʻakau tuʻufonua mo e fanga monumanu ʻe 5,819 ʻo Nuʻu Silá ʻoku fakakalasi kinautolu ʻoku nau ʻi ha tuʻunga fakatuʻutāmaki, ʻo ʻai ai ʻa e meʻamoʻui kaivao ʻi he fonuá ke ʻi he lotolotonga ʻo e meʻamoʻui ʻoku fakamanamanaʻi taha ʻi he foʻi palanité.
Ngaahi Ngāue Lelei
ʻOku tokanga vēkeveke he taimí ni ʻa e ngaahi kautaha fakapuleʻangá ke taʻofi ʻa e hū mai ki Nuʻu Sila ʻa e ngaahi kalasi ʻakau mo e fanga monumanu fakatupu maumaú. ʻIkai ko ia pē, ko e Potungāue Maluʻi ʻĀtakaí kuó ne fakahoko ʻa e ngaahi ngāue lahi ke fakaʻauha ʻosi ʻa e ngaahi meʻamoʻui maumaú, tautefito ʻi he fanga kiʻi motú, pea kuó ne toe faʻu ha ngaahi nofoʻanga ki he ngaahi meʻamoʻui kaivaó.
Ko e taha ʻo e fanga kiʻi motu naʻe fakaleleiʻí ko Tiritiri Matangi, ʻi he veʻe matāfonua ʻo e Muitolotolo Whangaparaoa ʻi ʻOkalaní. ʻI hono fakaʻataʻatā mei he fanga kumaá ʻi he 1993 pea toe tō ai ʻa e ʻakau tuʻufonua nai ʻe 280,000, ko e feituʻú ko ha nofoʻanga ia ʻoku tokangaʻi ʻa ia ʻoku ʻatā ʻo malava ke fanongo ai mo sio ʻa e kau ʻaʻahí ki he faʻahinga kehekehe ʻo e manupuna tuʻufonua kuo toe ʻoatu ki aí, ʻo kau ai ʻa e tieke hāhāmolofiá, takahe, kokako, titipounamu, mo e hihi. ʻI he tupu ʻāfaʻafa ʻi ha ʻātakai ʻoku ʻatā mei he manu fekaí, ko e ngaahi meʻamoʻui fakaʻofoʻofa ko ení ʻoku nau fakaʻatā ʻa e kau ʻaʻahí ke nau fiefia ʻi he sio ofi kia kinautolú.
ʻI he 2003, ʻi he Motu ko Campbell ʻi he feituʻu ʻAnetātiká naʻe fakahaaʻi ai kuo ʻatā ʻosi ia mei he fanga kumaá hili ha polokalama taʻu ua ʻo hono fakaʻauha ʻosí. Talu mei ai, mo e toe tupu ʻa e ngaahi ʻakau tuʻufonuá pea toe foki mai ʻa e fanga manupuna ʻi tahí. Naʻa mo e tile ʻo e Motu ko Campbell—ko ha faʻahinga hāhāmolofia ʻo e pató—kuo toe ʻomai ki ai.
Ki muí ni ʻaupito mai, ko ha poloseki lahi ʻo e toe fakaleleiʻí naʻe kamata ia ʻi he ngaahi motu ko Rangitoto mo Motutapu pea pehē ki he Kūlifa Hauraki ʻi ʻOkalaní. Ko e taumuʻa ʻo e poloseki ko ení ke maluʻi ʻa e vaotā Pohutukawa lahi taha ʻi māmaní pea ke tokoni ki he ngaahi meʻamoʻui tuʻufonua kuo toe fakafoki maí. Hili hono fakaʻauha ʻosi ʻa e fanga manu maumau ʻe niʻihi—kau ai ʻa e fanga lāpisí, fanga sitoutí, hesihoki, fanga pusi kaivao, fanga kumā Noaue, fanga kumā lalahi, mo e fanga kiʻi kumā īkí—naʻe ʻiloʻi ai ʻa e fanga kōkī kolokalo kulokulá mo e korimako ʻi he ngaahi motú, ʻo ngata ai ʻene pulia lōloa ʻi ha senituli!
Ko e ngaahi fakatātā ko ení ʻoku fakahaaʻi ai ʻa e meʻa ʻe lava ke fai ke fakafoki mai ʻaki ʻa e ngaahi meʻamoʻui kuo fakamanamanaʻi ʻenau ʻi aí pea fai ha meʻa ki he ngaahi fehālaaki fakaeʻātakai sio nounou ʻi he kuohilí. Ko e kau ʻofa ki he māmani ʻo natulá ʻi he feituʻu kotoa pē ʻoku tautefito ʻa e lava ke nau fakatuʻotuʻa atu ki he talaʻofa ʻa e Tohi Tapú ʻo pehē ko Sihova ko e ʻOtuá, “ne ne ngaohi ʻa e langi mo e fonua,” te ne fakangata ʻa e ngaahi tōʻonga fakatupu maumau ʻokú ne fakamanamanaʻi ʻa e māmani ʻo natulá, ʻo kau ai ʻa hono ngaahi meʻamoʻui kaivaó.—Saame 115:15; Fakahā 21:5.
[Fakamatala ʻi he peesi 25]
ʻI he lolotonga ní, ko e ʻuhikiʻi kiuī ʻe 9 mei he 10 ʻoku ʻikai te nau moʻui ʻi he taʻu ʻe tahá
[Puha ʻi he peesi 26]
NGĀUE FAKAPOTOPOTOʻAKI ʻA E NGAAHI KOLOÁ
Ko ha pole naʻe fehangahangai ʻi māmani lahi mo e kau maluʻi ʻo e ʻātakaí ko e fakautuutu ʻo e lisi ʻo e ngaahi meʻamoʻui ʻoku fehangahangai mo e ʻauhamālié ʻi he tafaʻaki ʻe tahá ko e fakangatangata ʻa e ngaahi koloa ʻoku ala maʻu ke fakaleleiʻi ʻaki ʻa e palopalemá. Ko e founga ʻe taha kuo ui ia ko e fakamuʻomuʻa e maluʻi ʻo e ʻātakaí, ʻa ia ʻoku ngāueʻaki ia mei he tefitoʻi moʻoni ʻo e fakamuʻomuʻa ʻa e meʻa ʻoku mahuʻinga tahá ʻa ē ʻoku ngāueʻaki ʻi he ngaahi loki fakavavevave ʻi he falemahakí he kotoa ʻo e māmaní. ʻI hono toe ui ia ko e fakamuʻomuʻa fakaʻekolosiá, ko e founga ko ení ʻoku fai ai ʻa e feinga ke fakahanga tefito ʻa e ngaahi koloá ki he ola lelei tahá, ʻo vakai ki he ngaahi meʻa tefito ko iá (1) ko e mahuʻinga ʻoku ʻiloʻi ʻo ha ngaahi meʻamoʻui pe nofoʻanga, (2) ko e ngaahi faingamālie ke lavameʻa ʻa e ngāue kuo fokotuʻú, mo e (3) ko e fakamole ʻoku kau ki aí. Lolotonga heʻikai loto-tatau ʻa e tokotaha kotoa ki he founga ko ení, ʻoku pehē ʻe he kau poupoú ʻoku tokoni ia ke ngāueleleiʻaki ʻa e ngaahi koloa fakangatangatá, ʻo fakahanga ʻa e tokangá ki he feituʻu ʻe lavaʻi ai ʻa e ngaahi ola lelei tahá.
[Mape ʻi he peesi 26]
(Ki he fakamatala kakato, sio ki he tohí)
NUʻU SILA
Kūlifa Hauraki
Motu ko Tiritiri Matangi
Rangitoto mo Motutapu
Motu ko Campbell
[Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 25]
Kiuī melomelo
[Credit Line]
© S Sailer/A Sailer/age fotostock
[Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 27]
Ko ha foʻi takahe lahi ʻi he Motu ko Tiritiri Matangi
[Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 27]
Motu ko Campbell
[Fakatātā Credit Lines ʻi he peesi 27]
Takahe: © FLPA/Terry Whittaker/age fotostock; Motu ko Campbell: © Frans Lanting/CORBIS