Kumbi Yehova Ndiyani?
Vo Bayibolu limuka
Yehova ndi Chiuta wauneneska yo wakulemba Bayibolu, Mlengi wa vinthu vosi. (Chivumbuzi 4:11) Mchimi Abrahamu kweniso Mozesi amusopanga nge mo Yesu wachitiyanga. (Genezesi 24:27; Ekisodo 15:1, 2; Yohane 20:17) Iyu ndi Chiuta wa ŵanthu a mtundu umoza cha kweni wa “pacharu chosi chapasi.”—Masalimo 47:2.
Yehova ndi zina lapade laku Chiuta nge mo Bayibolu likambiya. (Ekisodo 3:15; Masalimo 83:18) Mu Chiheberi, zina lakuti Yehova lituliya ku mazu ngo ngang’anamuwa kuti “kuja,” ndipu akaswiri anandi akamba kuti zina lenili ling’anamuwa kuti, “Wachitiska Kuja.” Vo zina laku Chiuta ling’anamuwa, vikoliyana ukongwa ndi udindu waku Yehova nge Mlengi wa vinthu vosi kweniso yo wafiska khumbu laki. (Yesaya 55:10, 11) Bayibolu lititiwovya so kuziŵa mijalidu yaku Yehova, ukongwa jalidu laki likulu la chanju.—Ekisodo 34:5-7; Luka 6:35; 1 Yohane 4:8.
Zina lakuti Yehova likufwatulika kutuliya ku vilembu vinayi va Chiheberi יהוה (YHWH) vo vimiya zina laku Chiuta. Vilembu vinayi venivi vidanika kuti, Tetiragiramatoni. Palivi yo waziŵa mo zina laku Chiuta lazumbulikiyanga mu Chiheberi chakwambiriya. Kweni zina laku “Yehova” lingulembeka kakwamba mu Bayibolu lo lingufwatulika ndi William Tyndale mu chaka cha 1530.a
Ntchifukwa wuli palivi yo waziŵa mo zina laku Chiuta lazumbulikiyanga mu Chiheberi chakwambiriya?
Chiheberi chakali chalembekanga kwambula vilembu va mavawelu. Ŵanthu wo aŵerenganga Chiheberi mu nyengu yakali, asuzgikanga cha kuŵikamu mavawelu ngakwenere. Kweni ŵati amaliza kulemba Malemba nga Chiheberi, (ngo anyaki atingadana kuti “Chipanganu Chakali”) Ayuda anyaki awonanga kuti ndi mwikhu kuzumbuwa zina chayilu laku Chiuta. Mwakuti asani aŵerenga mwakukweza lemba lo pe zina laku Chiuta atuzangapu ndi kuŵikapu zina lakuti “Ambuya” pamwenga “Chiuta.” Pati pajumpha vyaka, vo agomezganga vinguŵanda ukongwa ndipu ŵanthu anguleka kuzumbuwa zina laku Chiuta nge mo lazumbulikiyanga mu Chiheberi chakwambiriya.b
Anyaki awona kuti zina lenili lazumbulikanga kuti “Yahweh,” ndipu anyaki awona kuti lazumbulikanga mu nthowa zinyaki. Mumpukutu unyaki wa ku Nyanja Yakufwa wo we ndi chigaŵa cha buku la Levitiko mu Chigiriki, zina laku Chiuta likulembeka kuti Iao. Akaswiri a Chigiriki akali, akamba so kuti lazumbulikanga kuti Iae, I·a·beʹ, ndi I·a·ou·eʹ, kweni tiziŵa cha kuti umu ndimu zina laku Chiuta lazumbulikiyanga mu Chiheberic chakwambiriya.
Fundu zaboza zakukwaskana ndi zina laku Chiuta mu Bayibolu
Fundu yaboza: Mabayibolu ngo akulembamu zina laku “Yehova,” akuchita kusazgiyamu ŵaka zina lenili.
Fundu yauneneska: Zina laku Chiuta lo lilembeka ndi vilembu vinayi va Chiheberi vo vidanika kuti Tetiragiramatoni, lisanirika maulendu pafufupi 7,000 mu Bayibolu.d Kweni mu Mabayibolu nganandi akutuzamu zina chiyilu laku Chiuta ndipu akulembamu zina la udindu, nge lakuti “Ambuya.”
Fundu yaboza: Chiuta Wanthazizosi wakhumbika cha kudanika zina linyaki lapade.
Fundu yauneneska: Chiuta iyu mweneku wangukambiya ŵanthu wo alembanga Bayibolu kuti agwiriskiyi ntchitu zina laki maulendu masauzandi nganandi ndipu wakhumba so kuti ŵanthu wo atimusopa agwiriskiyengi ntchitu zina laki. (Yesaya 42:8; Yoweli 2:32; Malaki 3:16; Aroma 10:13) Mwakuti mu nyengu yakali, Chiuta wangususka achimi aboza wo akhumbanga kuti ŵanthu ŵaki aluwi zina laki.—Yeremiya 23:27.
Fundu yaboza: Mwakulondo mudawuku wa Ayuda, zina chayilu laku Chiuta litenere kutuzgikamu mu Bayibolu.
Fundu yauneneska: Mbuneneska kuti alembi Achiyuda anyaki akananga kuzumbuwa zina laku Chiuta, kweni yiwu angulituzgamu cha mumipukutu yawu ya Bayibolu. Mwemosi mo vingaŵiya, kweni Chiuta wakhumba cha kuti isi tilondongi midawuku ya ŵanthu yo yipambana ndi marangu ngaki.—Mateyu 15:1-3.
Fundu yaboza: Zina laku Chiuta likhumbika cha kugwiriskikiya ntchitu mu Bayibolu chifukwa liziŵika cha mo lazumbulikiyanga mu Chiheberi.
Fundu yauneneska: Fundu iyi yilongo kuti Chiuta wakhumba kuti ŵanthu wo aŵereŵeta vineneru vakupambana azumbuwengi zina laki mo liliri. Chinanga kuti ve viyo, Bayibolu lilongo kuti ŵanthu wo asopanga Chiuta mu nyengu yakali wo aŵereŵetanga vineneru vakupambanapambana, azumbuwanga mazina nga ŵanthu mwakupambanapambana.
Mwakuyeruzgiyapu, wonani mo azumbuliyanga zina laku Yoswa yo wenga wakweruzga wa Ayisirayeli. Akhristu akwambiriya wo aŵereŵetanga Chiheberi, zina laku Yoswa alizumbuwanga kuti, Yehoh·shuʹa, penipo wo aŵereŵetanga Chigiriki akambanga kuti I·e·sousʹ. Mo zina la Chiheberi laku Yoswa likulembeke mu Chigiriki, vilongo kuti Akhristu azumbuwanga mazina mwakukoliyana ndi mo ŵanthu anandi angazumbuliyanga mu chineneru chawu.—Machitidu 7:45; Aheberi 4:8.
Fundu yeniyi ndiyu yingagwiriskikiya so ntchitu pakufwatuliya zina laku Chiuta. Chinanga kuti zina laku Chiuta lizumbulika nge mo lazumbulikiyanga cha mu Chiheberi chakwambiriya, kweni chakuzirwa ukongwa ntchakuti zina lenili likhumbika kuwezekiyamu mu malu ngo lingulembeka mu Bayibolu.
a Tyndale wangugwiriskiya ntchitu zina lakuti “Iehouah” mu Bayibolu la Chingelezi lo wangufwatuliya lo lenga ndi mabuku ngankhondi ngakwamba. Pati pajumpha vyaka, Chingelezi chingusintha ndipu zina laku Chiuta lingwamba kulembeka mwakukoliyana ndi mo ŵanthu aŵereŵetiyanga. Mwakuyeruzgiyapu, mu 1612, Henry Ainsworth wangugwiriskiya ntchitu zina lakuti “Iehovah” mubuku la Masalimo lo wangufwatuliya. Pavuli paki, wati walinozga so mu 1639, wangugwiriskiya ntchitu zina lakuti “Jehovah.” Mwakuyanana ŵaka, wo angufwatuliya Bayibolu la American Standard Version lo lingutuzgika mu 1901, angugwiriskiya ntchitu zina lakuti “Jehovah” mumalu ngosi ngo zina laku Chiuta lasanirikanga mu Chiheberi.
b Buku la New Catholic Encyclopedia, Second Edition, Volume 14, peji 883-884, likamba kuti: “Pati pajumpha nyengu Ayuda ŵati awe ku ukapolu, ŵanthu angwamba kuwona kuti zina lakuti Yahweh ndapade ukongwa ndipu angwamba kuchita mudawuku wakuti po pe zina chayilu laku Chiuta aŵikengepu zina la udindu lakuti ADONAI pamwenga kuti ELOHIM.”
c Kuti muziŵi vinandi, wonani Fundu Zakukumaliya A4, “Zina Laku Chiuta mu Malemba nga Chiheberi,” mu Bayibolu la Charu Chifya la Malemba Ngakupaturika.
d Wonani buku lakuti Theological Lexicon of the Old Testament, Volume 2, peji 523-524.