Satan—Em Stori Nating Tasol o Wanpela Man Nogut i Stap Tru?
KIRAP long bipo yet, ol man i gat laik long save olsem pasin nogut i bin kirap olsem wanem. Buk A Dictionary of the Bible, bilong James Hastings, i tok: ‘Ol man bilong pastaim i bin luksave olsem i gat sampela kain strong em ol i no inap bosim na i save stiaim ol man long mekim ol samting nogut tru.’ Buk i tok moa: ‘Ol man bilong pastaim i bin wok long painim as bilong ol samting. Ol i ting olgeta strong ol i lukim ol i kam long ol spirit i kain olsem man yet.’
Ol saveman i tok, ol man long Mesopotemia long bipo ol i bilip long ol god nogut na ol spirit nogut. Ol Babilon long bipo ol i bilip olsem god bilong pait, Nergal, em i bosim ples bilong ol daiman. Ol i save kolim em ‘man i save kukim ol narapela long paia.’ Ol i pret tu long ol spirit nogut, na ol i wok long mekim kol bel bilong ol long rot bilong ol singsing majik. Long ol stori nating bilong ol Isip, Set em i god bilong pasin nogut, na long ol piksa bilong em ol i wokim, em i luk olsem ‘wanpela animal nogut i gat nus na yau i narapela kain na tel bilong en i olsem fok.’—Larousse Encyclopedia of Mythology.
Tru, ol Grik na ol Rom i gat ol god bilong gutpela pasin na ol god bilong pasin nogut, tasol ol i no gat wanpela god i olsem nambawan god bilong pasin nogut. Ol saveman i bin skulim ol man olsem i gat tupela narapela narapela kain strong i stap. Long tingting bilong saveman Empedekles, em Pasin Sori na Pasin Kros. Long tingting bilong Pleto, wanpela strong i as bilong gutpela pasin na wanpela i as bilong pasin nogut. Long buk Le Diable (Satan), Georges Minois i tok: “Long lotu haiden bilong [ol Grik na ol Rom], i no gat bilip olsem Satan i stap.”
Long kantri Iran, lotu Soroastrian i lainim ol man olsem nambawan bikpela god Ahura Masda, o Ormasd, i wokim Angra Mainyu, o Ahriman, na dispela Angra Mainyu i laik mekim pasin nogut na i kamap Spirit Bilong Bagarapim Man.
Long lotu Juda ol i bin kamapim Satan olsem Birua bilong God i bin kamapim sin. Tasol bihain long planti handet yia, tingting bilong ol haiden i kam insait long dispela stori. Buk Encyclopaedia Judaica i tok: ‘Klostu long taim bilong Krais, bikpela senis i bin kamap. Lotu [Juda] i kisim bilip olsem, ol strong bilong kamapim ol pasin nogut na pasin giaman, ol i birua long God na long ol strong bilong kamapim ol pasin i gutpela na i tru, i stap long heven na long graun. I luk olsem ol i bin kisim dispela bilip long lotu bilong ol Persia.’ Buk The Concise Jewish Encyclopedia i tok: “Bilong lukautim ol yet na bai ol spirit nogut i no ken bagarapim ol, ol i save bihainim ol lo na mekim wok long ol paspas samting.”
Bilip Kristen Giaman
Lotu Juda i bin kisim sampela bilip long ol samting bilong Satan na ol spirit nogut em Baibel i no as bilong en, na olsem tasol ol Kristen i bin tromoi lotu i tru ol i bin kisim sampela bilip i no stret wantaim ol tok bilong Baibel. Buk The Anchor Bible Dictionary i tok: ‘Wanpela tingting bilong bipo i olsem, bilong kisim bek ol manmeri bilong God, God i bin givim pe long Satan bilong baim bek ol.’ Irenaeus (130-200 C.E. samting) i bin kamapim dispela tingting. Origen (185-254 C.E. samting) i helpim dispela tingting, na em i tok “long rot bilong lo Satan i bin kisim ol man na ol i bilong em,” na “i dai bilong Krais . . . em pe [God] i bin givim long Satan bilong baim bek ol.”—History of Dogma, bilong Adolf Harnack.
Buk The Catholic Encyclopedia i tok: ‘Inap 1,000 yia planti man bilong lotu i bin ting olsem pe bilong baim bek ol man em i bin go long Satan,’ na dispela tingting i bin stap olsem wanpela bilip bilong lotu. Sampela tisa moa bilong lotu, wanpela bilong ol em Augustine (354-430 C.E.), ol i kisim dispela tingting olsem pe bilong baim bek ol man i bin go long Satan. Tasol long yia 1100 C.E. samting, ol tisa bilong lotu Katolik, em Anselm na Abelard, ol i kisim tingting olsem pe bilong ofa bilong Krais i bin go long God, na long Satan nogat.
Ol Stori Nating Bilong Bipo
Klostu olgeta kibung bilong Misin Katolik ol i no stori liklik long Satan, tasol long 1215 C.E., Namba 4 Lateran Kibung i kamapim wanpela tokaut em New Catholic Encyclopedia i kolim “bikpela tokaut bilong bilip.” Lo 1 i tok: “God i wokim Satan na ol spirit nogut i gutpela, tasol long laik bilong ol yet ol i kamap nogut.” Lo i tok moa olsem ol i wok strong long pulim ol man. Em wanpela tingting planti man long dispela taim bipo ol i bilip strong long en. Ol i ting Satan em i as bilong olgeta samting i narapela kain, olsem ol sik i olsem i no gat as bilong en, o man i dai wantu, o gaden i no kamapim planti kaikai. Long 1233 C.E., Pop Gregory 9 i kamapim sampela lo bilong daunim ol man i bikhet long misin, na i gat wanpela lo bilong daunim ol man em misin i tok ol i lotuim Satan.
Ol man i bilip olsem Satan na ol ensel nogut ol inap i go insait long ol man, na i no longtaim na dispela i kirapim planti man long pret nogut tru long posin marila samting. Kirap long yia 1200 i go inap 1600 samting, pasin bilong pret long ol marilameri em i kamap long olgeta hap bilong Yurop, na ol Yurop i go sindaun long Not Amerika ol i kisim dispela pret i go wantaim ol. Martin Luther na John Calvin, em ol man i bin go pas long kamapim lotu Talatala, ol tu i bin orait long wok bilong painim ol marilameri bilong mekim nogut long ol. Long Yurop, ol meri em ol narapela i bin sutim tok win o tok giaman long ol olsem ol i save mekim wok marila, ol i save kisim ol i go long Kot Bilong Misin na long ol kot bilong gavman. Ol i givim bikpela pen long ol dispela meri bilong kirapim ol long tokaut olsem ol i bin mekim wok marila, maski ol i no bin mekim olsem.
Ol meri em kot i tok ol i gat asua, kot inap tok ol i mas i dai—ol i kukim ol long paia, na long Inglan na Skotlan, ol i hangamapim ol. Buk The World Book Encyclopedia i stori long hamas i bin kisim bagarap: “Sampela saveman i tok, kirap long 1484 i go 1782, misin Kristen i bin kilim i dai 300,000 meri, long wanem, ol i bin mekim posin marila samting.” Sapos Satan i as bilong dispela bagarap, yu ting husat ol i wokman bilong em—ol dispela meri i kisim bagarap o ol man bilong lotu i bin mekim nogut tru long ol?
Bilip Bilong Nau
Bihain long yia 1700, wanpela lain i wok long kamap, ol i kolim Lain Bilong Lait. Buk Encyclopædia Britannica i tok: ‘Bilip bilong dispela Lain Bilong Lait i kamapim olsem Satan em wanpela stori nating i stap long tingting bilong ol man i bin stap planti handet yia bipo na i no samting ol Kristen i ken bilip long en.’ Misin Katolik i no amamas long dispela na long Namba Wan Vatiken Kibung (1869-1870) ol i tokaut gen olsem ol i bilip long Satan, na long Namba 2 Vatiken Kibung (1962-1965), ol i kolim gen dispela bilip.
Buk New Catholic Encyclopedia i tok, “Sios i bilip long ol ensel na ol spirit nogut.” Tasol wanpela dikseneri (Théo) bilong Frans i stori long lotu Katolik i tok “planti Kristen long nau ol i no bilip olsem Satan em as bilong ol pasin nogut i kamap long graun.” Long taim bilong yumi, ol tisa bilong lotu Katolik i no bin tokaut strong long dispela samting; ol i laik stap namel long bilip bilong Misin Katolik na long tingting bilong ol man bilong nau. Buk Encyclopædia Britannica i tok, sampela Kristen i ‘bilip olsem ol tok Baibel i mekim long Satan, em tok piksa tasol—em i bilong kamapim long ples klia olsem i gat planti pasin nogut i stap long heven na long graun.’ Dispela buk i tok long ol Talatala olsem: ‘Sampela Talatala long nau ol i ting i no gat wok long yumi mas bilip olsem Satan em wanpela man i stap tru.’ Tasol yu ting ol Kristen tru i mas ting olsem ol tok em Baibel i mekim long Satan em “tok piksa” tasol?
Baibel i Tok Wanem?
Save bilong man na save bilong ol long ol samting bilong lotu i no bin kamapim klia as bilong ol pasin nogut, winim tok bilong Baibel long dispela samting, nogat. Ol tok Baibel i kamapim long Satan em i bikpela samting bilong helpim yumi long save long as bilong ol pasin nogut na ol pen na hevi i painim ol man, na long as na ol pasin nogut tru bilong pait na bagarapim man i wok long go moa nogut long olgeta yia.
Ating sampela i laik save: ‘Sapos God em i gutpela Man bilong wokim yumi, orait olsem wanem na em inap wokim wanpela spirit nogut olsem Satan?’ Baibel i soim yumi olsem, olgeta samting God Jehova i wokim ol i gutpela olgeta, na olgeta man na ensel ol inap makim rot ol i laik bihainim. (Lo 30:19; 32:4; Josua 24:15; 1 King 18:21) Olsem na dispela ensel bihain em i kamap Satan, God i wokim em i gutpela olgeta, na taim em i lusim rot bilong bihainim tok i tru na stretpela pasin, em i mekim long laik bilong em yet.—Jon 8:44; Jems 1:14, 15.
Long planti samting, pasin bikhet Satan i bihainim em i wankain liklik long pasin bilong “king bilong Tair,” em Baibel i tok em i “luk nais tru,” na ‘long taim God i mekim em i kamap long graun, pasin bilong em i nambawan tru na em i no gat asua long wanpela samting, tasol bihain em i mekim pasin nogut na em i gat asua long ai bilong God.’ (Esekiel 28:11-19) Tru, Satan i no tok Jehova i no nambawan bikpela o Man bilong wokim olgeta samting, nogat. Satan i no inap tok olsem, long wanem, em i save God yet i bin wokim em. Tasol Satan i gat tok long pasin bilong Jehova long mekim wok bos. Long gaden Iden, Satan i laik tok olsem God i wok long pasim namba wan man na meri long kisim samting i stret long ol i mas kisim na i bilong helpim ol long i stap gut. (Stat 3:1-5) Em i kirapim Adam na Iv long bikhet long stretpela wok king bilong Jehova, na em i kamapim sin na dai long ol wantaim ol tumbuna pikinini bilong ol. (Stat 3:6-19; Rom 5:12) Olsem na Baibel i kamapim klia olsem Satan em i as tru bilong olgeta pen na hevi i bin painim ol man.
Paslain long taim bilong Bikpela Tait, sampela ensel i bin bihainim Satan na ol tu i bikhet long God. Ol i tanim i kamap man bambai ol i ken inapim laik bilong ol long mekim maritpasin wantaim ol meri. (Stat 6:1-4) Long taim bilong Bikpela Tait, ol dispela bikhet ensel i go bek long ples spirit, tasol ol i no kisim bek “wok” bilong ol wantaim God long heven. (Jut 6) Ol i kalabus i stap long tudak nogut tru bilong spirit. (1 Pita 3:19, 20; 2 Pita 2:4) Ol i kamap ensel nogut na i stap aninit long Satan—ol i no mekim wok moa aninit long Jehova. Ol dispela spirit nogut ol i no inap tanim i kamap man gen, tasol ol inap bosim yet tingting na sindaun bilong ol man, na yumi ken tok ol i gat asua long planti bagarap yumi lukim long nau.—Matyu 12:43-45; Luk 8:27-33.
Klostu Nau Wok Bos Bilong Satan Bai Pinis
Ol samting i kamapim klia olsem ol spirit nogut i save stiaim ol samting i kamap long graun long nau. Aposel Jon i tok: “Dispela graun olgeta em i stap aninit long strong bilong Satan.”—1 Jon 5:19.
Truim bilong ol tok profet bilong Baibel i soim olsem, Satan i wok strong long kamapim planti hevi moa yet long graun, long wanem, em i save em i gat “sotpela taim tasol” i stap bilong kamapim ol kain kain bagarap, na bihain em bai kalabus. (KTH 12:7-12; 20:1-3) Taim wok bos bilong Satan i pinis, wanpela nupela taim bai kamap i gat stretpela pasin long en, na aiwara, dai, pen, bai “pinis olgeta.” Long dispela taim, laik bilong God bai kamap long graun olsem i save kamap long heven.—KTH 21:1-4; Matyu 6:10.
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Ol Babilon i bilip long Nergal (han kais tru), em wanpela god bilong pait; Pleto (han kais) i bilip i gat tupela strong i stap, em ol i narapela narapela kain
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Cylinder: Musée du Louvre, Paris; Plato: National Archaeological Museum, Athens, Greece
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Irenaeus, Origen, Augustine, ol i lainim ol man olsem pe bilong baim bek ol man i bin go long Satan
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Origen: Culver Pictures; Augustine: From the book Great Men and Famous Women
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Pasin bilong pret long ol marilameri i mekim na ol i kilim i dai planti tausen meri
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From the book Bildersaal deutscher Geschichte