Ol Pasin Giaman Bilong Sampela Lain Saiens
MIPELA i ting dispela samting i no inap kamap namel long ples wok bilong ol man bilong saiens. Ol i save wok strong tru, na givim bel long painim as bilong ol sik samting i save kamap. Mipela i ting ol dispela samting i no save kamap namel long ol lain man na meri bilong saiens em ol i wok wantaim long painim rot bilong helpim ol manmeri long pinisim sik.
Olsem wanem? Yu ting ol saveman bilong saiens i save putim sampela tingting giaman bilong ol yet long wok ol i mekim? O ol i mekim tasol ol samting i stret wantaim tingting giaman bilong ol, na rausim sampela save em i pait wantaim tingting bilong ol? O ol i save raitim sampela tok giaman long wok ol yet i no bin mekim, na i bilong givim tingting long ol man olsem dispela tok em i stret? O ol i tok, ol i bin raitim tok long nius samting, tasol ol i no bin mekim? Ating bai yu tok, dispela samting i no save kamap.
Tasol em i save kamap. Wanpela nius (New Scientist) bilong Septemba 15, 1990 i tok, ‘Wanpela komiti (US Congressional committee) i raitim wanpela ripot i stori long pasin bilong mekim nabaut ol wok, na pasin giaman em i stap namel long ol saveman bilong saiens long Amerika. Dispela ripot i tok, lain NIH (National Institutes of Health) i no was gut long wok ol dispela saveman i mekim, olsem na ol nupela marasin ol i wokim inap “bagarapim ol man.” ’
Ol dispela samting i kamap, long wanem, ol man i no mekim gut wok bos bilong ol. Tasol sampela taim ol i mekim bilong giamanim ol man. Dispela pasin i bin kamap long wanpela savemeri, em Thereza Imanishi-Kari na 5-pela wanwok bilong em. Wanpela nius (Science News) bilong Me 11, 1991, i tok, ol i raitim wanpela ripot ‘em i stori long wanpela kain sel em ol i sutim i go long skin bilong rat, na nau skin bilong em i kirap long kamapim wanpela nupela marasin bilong pasim sik.’ Tasol ol i giaman, long wanem, dispela samting i no bin kamap.
Ol i raitim dispela ripot long wanpela nius (Cell) bilong Epril 1986. Narapela savemeri em i wok wantaim Imanishi-Kari, nem bilong em Margot O’Toole, em i skelim dispela ripot na em i lukim olsem sampela tok i stap insait long ripot i no stret, olsem na em i go lukim narapela saveman, em David A. Baltimore. Dispela man tu em i bin raitim dispela ripot. Dispela meri i laik bai man yet i lukim tok Imanishi-Kari i raitim long notbuk bilong em. Notbuk i tok dispela samting i no bin kamap, tasol taim ol i raitim ripot ol i tok dispela samting i bin kamap. Dispela man Baltimore i ting dispela ripot i no bin mekim tok giaman, olsem na em i rausim O’Toole long wok.
Tupela yunivesiti tu i skelim dispela ripot. Wanpela em Yunivesiti M.I.T. (Massachusetts Institute of Technology), na narapela em Yunivesiti Tufts, em ples Imanishi-Kari i putim aplikesen bilong kisim wanpela bikpela wok i gat namba. Taim ol i skelim dispela ripot, ol i painim sampela popaia, tasol ol i ting em i no bikpela popaia tumas. Inap 2-pela yia ol i no skelim moa dispela ripot.
Wanpela komiti (House Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations) bilong gavman long Amerika, em John D. Dingell i siaman bilong en, ol i kirap gen long skelim dispela ripot. Gavman i save givim 8 bilion kina long lain saiens long rot bilong lain NIH long olgeta wan wan yia. Lain bilong Dingell i gat wok long skelim ol wok ol lain bilong saiens i mekim wantaim dispela mani, nogut ol i giaman tasol na mekim nabaut long sampela mani.
Baltimore i no amamas long dispela samting. Em i tok taim lain bilong gavman i skelim dispela ripot, “ol i laik putim nupela mak long wok lain saiens i laik mekim. Ol i laik bihainim pasin bilong ol kot. Olsem na sapos yu mekim sampela wok bilong saiens na yu giaman, yu mas save bai yu kisim strafe long dispela samting. Sapos tok ol i mekim long nau i kamapim tingting bilong ol pasin ol lain saiens i mas bihainim, orait, wok bilong lain saiens long Amerika bai bagarap.”
Baltimore i salim pas i go long 400 saveman bilong saiens long tokaut olsem wok lain gavman i mekim bai “bagarapim wok bilong saiens long Amerika.” Em i tok, dispela wok kot i kamap bai pasim lain saiens long toktok gut wantaim na i olsem dispela samting bai kalabusim ol. Planti lain bilong saiens i wanbel wantaim tok bilong Baltimore, na ol i tok dispela samting i kamap tasol bilong nogutim nem bilong lain saiens.
Wanpela nius (The New York Times), bilong Mas 26, 1991, i tok, ‘Ol lain i wanbel long tok bilong Baltimore ol i mekim strongpela tok long lain gavman na Mista Dingell, long wanem, em i olsem mekim wok hait na lukstil long ol wok ol i mekim. Ol i tok, em i olsem wanpela “plisman i was long wok bilong lain saiens.” Klostu olgeta pas i kam i tok, dispela ripot i no kamapim tok giaman. Wanpela wanwok bilong Dingell i tok, “Ol man i tingting planti long wok mipela i mekim, olsem na ol i salim planti pas i kam bilong tokaut long dispela samting. Tasol planti bilong ol dispela man i raitim pas ol i no save i gat wanem as na mipela i laik kotim ol dispela man.” ’
Taim ol saveman i belhat olsem, ating ol i lusim tingting long as tru bilong dispela hevi. Ol saveman em ol i wanbel wantaim Baltimore na Imanishi-Kari, ol i salim ol pas bilong mekim strongpela tok long lain gavman. Narapela saveman, em Phillip A. Sharp bilong Yunivesiti M.I.T., em i tokim ol saveman bilong saiens long raitim ol pas i go long ol minista bilong ol i stap long gavman long tokaut strong long wok bilong dispela komiti. Em i tok, ‘ol i no bin bilipim tok ol bikpela saveman bilong saiens i mekim’ bilong tokaut olsem dispela ripot i no mekim tok giaman. Em i tok moa olsem, dispela komiti i ‘laik painim rong bilong lain saiens na long dispela rot ol inap bagarapim wok bilong ol gutpela saveman,’ na dispela inap ‘bagarapim sindaun bilong lain bilong yumi.’ Tasol ol yet i bin giaman na givim strafe long Margot O’Toole.
Wanpela nius (The New York Times) bilong Mas 26, 1991, em i tok: ‘Sapos ol i tingting gut na mekim wok bilong saiens na ol i kisim save long ol samting taim ol i wok long skelim ol samting, orait, wok bilong saiens bai wok gut. Tasol taim hevi i kamap, ol i no inap tingting gut, na bai ol i sutim tok nabaut nabaut.’ Na taim dispela samting i kamap, ol narapela lain i mas helpim ol dispela man em ol lain bilong saiens i sutim nating tok long ol, long wanem, ol i tokaut long rong ol lain bilong saiens i mekim.
Olsem na dispela kain samting i bin kamap. Planti saveman bilong lain saiens, ol i no skelim dispela ripot, olsem na ol i wanbel wantaim Baltimore na Imanishi-Kari na ol i bel nogut long O’Toole. Ol i tok nogutim dispela lain bilong gavman i laik stretim dispela hevi. Em i wankain long tok Baibel i mekim long Sindaun olsem: “Putim gut yau pastaim, na bihain yu ken bekim tok. Sapos yu no mekim olsem, orait yu mekim longlong pasin na yu gat sem.”—Sindaun 18:13.
Tasol lain komiti bilong Dingell wantaim lain polis (Secret Service) na narapela lain bilong saiens (Office of Scientific Integrity), ol i skelim dispela samting na ol i tok, tok bilong O’Toole em i stret. Wanpela nius (New Scientist) bilong Mas 30, 1991, i tok: ‘Ol i skelim dispela samting long bikpela haus bilong lain NIH na ol i save olsem dispela man Baltimore i putim sampela tingting giaman bilong em long dispela ripot long 1986 i go inap 1988 bilong helpim tok bilong em i stap long dispela ripot. Olsem na nau Baltimore i askim lain bilong dispela nius long rausim dispela nius long ripot bilong ol.’ Em i tok sori long O’Toole, na em i tok em i no bin skelim gut dispela samting.
Dispela lain i kisim save olsem Imanishi-Kari i raitim ol tok i no gat as. Taim rong bilong em i laik kamap ples klia nau, em i painim rot bilong haitim. Wanpela nius (New Scientist) i kamapim tok lain NIH i mekim, na nius i tok: ‘Taim O’Toole na ol lain polis i kirap long skelim dispela ripot, em i kamapim sampela moa tingting giaman long wanpela nius (Cell long 1988) bilong strongim ol tok giaman i stap long ripot.’ Long Epril 6, 1991, narapela nius (New Scientist) i tok: ‘Bai yu wok stret sapos ol man i bilip long wok yu mekim. Tasol sapos wanpela man i laik stretim yu na yu rausim em, dispela i no inap helpim yu.’ Maski dispela rong i kamap ples klia, tasol Imanishi-Kari i tok, dispela samting i kamap tasol bilong nogutim nem bilong lain saiens.
Wanpela nius (The New York Times) bilong Mas 26, 1991, i tok: ‘Ol i mas kotim ol lain bilong saiens, long wanem, ol i no mekim gut wok bilong ol long skelim ol pasin giaman lain bilong ol i save mekim. Taim ol i save samting Baltimore i mekim bai bagarapim wok bilong ol, ol i no laik stretim dispela hevi, nogat; ol i tingting tasol long haitim dispela rong na ol man i no ken save long en.’ Tasol em dispela lain tasol ol i tok, ol i mas stretim ol hevi bilong ol yet, na i no ol narapela man.
Dispela nius i tok moa olsem: ‘Baltimore i tingim ol wanlain bilong em, na bilong pas gut wantaim ol yet em i mekim dispela tok. Taim ol i skelim dispela samting long Yunivesiti Tufts na Yunivesiti M.I.T., ol i no painim wanpela popaia o pasin giaman. Wanpela lain (National Institutes of Health) i makim narapela lain, em ol i save gut long Baltimore, na bai ol i ken skelim dispela ripot. Maski ol i senisim sampela man insait long dispela lain, ol i no mekim tok stret taim ol i raitim ripot bilong ol, na ol i tok pasin giaman i no bin kamap, maski sampela ripot i tok sampela wok em i bin mekim i giaman. Tasol taim lain bilong gavman i kirap long skelim ripot, lain NIH i kirap tu long skelim gut dispela ripot. Ol i makim nupela lain (Office of Scientific [Integrity]), na dispela lain i raitim stret wanpela ripot i tok, Baltimore i bin mekim pasin giaman. Baltimore i tingting tasol long pasim ol man long kisim save long pasin giaman em i bin mekim. Maski ol i no sutim tok stret long em olsem em i bin mekim pasin giaman, tasol em yet i bin orait long tupela ripot em Imanishi-Kari i bin putim sampela tok giaman long en.’
Ol lain bilong saiens ol i no save amamas sapos ol lain em ol i no save long wok saiens i kotim ol long wok ol i mekim. Ol i gat strongpela tingting olsem em i wok bilong ol yet, na i no wok bilong ol man nating o ol lain gavman long skelim wok ol i mekim sapos wanpela namel long ol i no mekim gut wok bilong em o sapos pasin giaman i kamap. Tasol sapos wanpela long lain bilong ol em i no gat bikpela nem, na em i gat tok long wok ol bikpela man bilong saiens i mekim, em inap kisim nem nogut olsem samting i bin painim Margot O’Toole.
Ol samting i painim ol man insait long dispela stori i helpim yumi long save long dispela samting. Baltimore i kamap presiden bilong Yunivesiti Rockefeller. Imanishi-Kari i kisim dispela wanpela bikpela wok long Yunivesiti Tufts. Ol i rausim O’Toole long wok bilong em long Yunivesiti Tufts, na ol i rausim em long haus bilong em, na em i no inap kisim wanpela wok bilong saiens inap planti yia, olsem na em i mas wok olsem seketeri long bisnis bilong brata bilong em.
Baltimore i tokim lain komiti bilong Dingell olsem wok Imanishi-Kari i mekim i bilong ‘klinim na rausim ol samting nogut’ long wok bilong saiens em i save kamap olgeta taim. Dispela pasin bilong ‘klinim na rausim ol samting nogut’ i mekim na Margot O’Toole, em meri i no gat asua, em i no inap wok moa long wanpela hap bilong saiens. Tasol dispela samting i no stap inap oltaim, nogat. Long 1990, taim ol i stretim bek nem bilong em, em i kisim wanpela wok long wanpela kampani bilong saiens (Genetics Institute) em wanpela wanwok bilong em long Yunivesiti Havat, em Mark Ptashne i bin kamapim.
Planti man bai wanbel long tok olsem dispela ol pasin giaman i no ken kamap namel long ol lain bilong saiens. Tasol wanpela nius bilong ol lain saiens yet i kamapim dispela stori. Na dispela nius i tok, ol dispela pasin giaman ‘i stap namel long ol saveman bilong saiens long Amerika.’
[Rait long pes 13]
‘Pasin bilong mekim nabaut ol wok, na pasin giaman i stap namel long ol saveman bilong saiens long Amerika’
[Rait long pes 13]
Gavman i save givim 8 bilion kina long lain saiens long rot bilong lain NIH long olgeta wan wan yia
[Rait long pes 14]
Wanpela komiti bilong gavman i gat wok long skelim ol wok ol lain bilong saiens i mekim wantaim dispela mani
[Rait long pes 15]
Ol man i raitim stori giaman i kisim biknem, na ol i rausim meri i tokaut long rong bilong ol