Xana Ti Lo Endliwa?

Ti-flagellum, Swincilana Swa Baktheriya

● Hambi wo ti languta hi makhiroskopu leyi nga ni matimba, ti vonaka ti ri titsongo swinene. Ti fanisiwa ni njhini ya matimba leyi nga endzhaku ka xikepe lexitsongo. Xana ti-flagellum ta baktheriya i yini?

Ku ni mixaka yo hambana-hambana ya swincilana swa baktheriya leswi vuriwaka ti-flagella, kambe leswi swi kambisisiwaka ngopfu i ti-flagellum (leswi hi Xilatini swi vuriwaka “whip”). Leswi xincilana lexi xi milaka eka baktheriya, xa rhendzeleka ivi xi endla leswaku xitsongwatsongwana lexi xi kota ku famba xi ya emahlweni, ku yima, ku tlhelela endzhaku kumbe ku jika. Ku ringanyetiwa leswaku hafu ya tibaktheriya hinkwato leti tivekaka, ti ni mixaka ya ti-flagella to hambana-hambana.

DNA leyi nga eka baktheriya kumbe eka xitsotswana lexi voniwaka hi ku tirhisa makhiroskopu yi ni nchumu lowu vuriwaka flagellum lowu yi pfunaka leswaku yi kota ku famba. Nchumu wolowo wu ni tiphrotheyini ta kwalomu ka 40, leti nga fanisiwaka ni swiphemu leswi nga enjhinini. Lexi hlamarisaka hileswaku yi kota ku tivumba hi 20 wa timinete ntsena!

Buku leyi nge The Evolution Controversy yi ri: “Flagellum ya baktheriya yi fanisiwa ni njhini leyi rhendzelekaka hi rivilo ra 6 000 ku ya eka 17 000 hi minete. Xin’wana lexi hlamarisaka no tlurisa hileswaku yi jika hi rivilo lerikulu, kutani yi tlhela yi rhendzeleka hi rivilo ra 17 000 hi minete, yi ya laha yi jikeleke kona.” Magazini wa New Scientist wu vula leswaku flagellum ya baktheriya i “xikombiso lexikulu xa fambiselo ra timolekhuli leri rharhanganeke swinene, naswona yi ni swiphemu leswitsongo swinene leswi tlulaka ni swa muchini wihi ni wihi lowu endliweke hi munjhiniyara.”

Van’wasayense va sala va tikhome tinhlaya loko va vona flagellum leyitsongo swinene ya baktheriya leyi tihlanganiseke hi ndlela leyi hlelekeke swinene leyi swi lavaka swiphemu hinkwaswo swa 40 leswi ringanelaka kahle ni ku tlhela swi tirha kahle.

U ehleketa yini? Xana flagellum ya baktheriya yi lo tiendlekela kumbe yi lo endliwa?

[Dayagramu/Xifaniso lexi nga eka tluka 24]

(Leswaku u vona rungula leri hleriweke hi ku helela, vona nkandziyiso wa kona)

Rotor

Bushing

Universal joint

Propeller

Ti-flagella

[Xifaniso]

Xifaniso lexi kurisiweke xa baktheriya

[Swihlovo Swa Kona]

Bacterium inset: © Scientifica/Visuals Unlimited, Inc.; flagellum diagram: Art source courtesy of www.arn.org