So Muhia Aware Mu Ɔfotufo?

“SƐ ƆHAW sɔre wɔ Mama ne Papa ntam a ná wɔwɔ abusua ne nnamfo a wɔdan kɔ wɔn nkyɛn. Nanso m’adwuma ama akwansin apem abɛda yɛne fie ntam. Yɛn aware no resɛe. Me ne Jane nni obiara a yɛbɛkɔ ne nkyɛn gye sɛ aware mu ɔfotufo.”

John ne Jane yɛ aberante ne ababaa. Woyɛ Kristofo. Afei na wɔaware foforo. John redi awerɛhow wɔ bere tenten a atwam wɔ nohoa no ho, bere a ne nanankansonom waree foforo wɔ bɛyɛ afeha yi mfiase mu ho no. Saa bere no na awaregu nyɛ nea abu so te sɛ nnɛ​—na ɛyɛ nea ebetumi ama obi din asɛe saa bere no! Bere tiaa bi wɔ Wiase Ko II akyi no na ne nananom da so ara te ase wɔ “ofie dedaw” no mu wɔ tete nhyehyɛe a ɛne abusuafo, nnamfo, Kwasida ɔsɛnkafo ne abusua oduruyɛfo no mu. Wotumi kuraa wɔn aware no mu wɔ bere a na awaregu dodow akɔ soro bɛyɛ ɔha biara mu 300 no.

Ná asan akɔ soro bio ɔha biara mu 20 bere a John awofo waree no. Ɛnnɛ, John ne Jane aware wɔ wiase a aware ahorow ɔha biara mu 60 wɔ Sweden, ɔha biara mu 44 wɔ Amerika, ɔha biara mu 43 wɔ Dominican Republic, ɔha biara mu 30 wɔ Germany ne Engiresi Aburokyiri, ne ɔha biara mu 28 wɔ Rusia, kowie awaregu mu.

Anim a aman ahorow rekɔ, nnwuma mu basabasayɛ, ɔman anidan ahorow, nnɛyi nhomasua ne nyamesom mu akasakasa ahorow ama mmusua horow nhu nea woyɛ. Mmusua mufo pii wɔ hɔ a wonhu wɔn sɛ wodi wɔn asɛyɛde ho dwuma sɛ okununom, ɔyerenom ne mma bio. Wɔ Amerika, Sweden, Engiresi Aburokyiri ne South America no, bo a aware som no resesa. Nnipa pii bu aware sɛ biribi a sɛ wuntumi a na woagyae, ɛnyɛ asetra nyinaa mu apam bio.

Abrabɔ a emu gow ho adwene, asanom bebrebe, nnuru horow a wɔde di dwuma, sikasɛm mu ahofadi ma mmea, dibea a wohwehwɛ, pɛsɛmenkominya a adi nka a wɔte ma afoforo so, adwennwene kɛse, nuklea akode ho hu ahorow, ɔdɔ ho adwene a ɛnteɛ​—wɔkyerɛ sɛ ne nyinaa ka ho na nnɛyi aware nyɛ yiye no. Nanso ɛmfa ho sɛ nneɛma dodow bɛn na wobehu sɛ ɛno na ɛma ɛba saa no, ɔbenfo Emily Mudd a ɔyɛ abusua nsɛm ho nhwehwɛmufo wɔ Pennsylvania Sukuupɔn mu no kyerɛ sɛ ntawntawdi wɔ abusua mufo ntam taa kowie asɛm titiriw biako so: “Susuw a obi nsusuw ne hokafo nkate horow, n’ahiade, nea ɔpɛ ne ne botae horow ho, anaasɛ obu no animtiaa.”​—The Encyclopedia of Mental Health.

Wɔ Kristofo awarefo, te sɛ John ne Jane, fam wɔ aware mu nsɛnnennen ho no, ebia na ‘wɔnhyɛɛ onipa foforo’ no wɔ nneɛma bi mu na wonnyaa su pa ahorow te sɛ ɔdɔ, anigye asomdwoe, abodwokyɛre, ayamye, papayɛ, gyidi, odwo ne anidahɔ.​—Efesofo 4:22-24; Galatifo 5:22, 23.

Aware mu Ɔfotufo

John ne Jane dɔ wɔn ho wɔn ho ara, enti wɔbɛyɛ dɛn ama wɔn aware no ayɛ yiye? Wɔbɔ wɔn tirim sɛ wɔbɛkɔ ɔhɔho, obi a ɔde aware mu afotu ayɛ n’adwuma nkyɛn. Nanso dɛn na wɔde wɔn ho rehyem no?

Aware mu afotu a wɔde yɛ adwuma yɛ biribi a yɛn bere yi so na aba. Nnansa yi ara mfe yi mu na wɔreda wɔn ho adi​—nanso hwɛ dɔ ara a wɔredɔɔso! “Afotu a wɔde ma denam mmofra adwene ho animdefo anaa abusua afotufo so abɛyɛ adwuma a ɛrekɔ so kɛse,” sɛnea U.S. News and World Report nsɛmma nhoma no kyerɛ no. Nnipadɔm a wɔde afotu ayɛ wɔn adwuma a wɔn dodow rekɔ anim​—adwene ne asetra ho animdefo, asɔfo, nnuruyɛfo, mmaranimfo, akyerɛkyerɛfo, aware ne abusua nsɛm ho abenfo, ne afoforo pii a wɔanya abodin wɔ nneyɛe ho nsɛm mu​—asi wɔn a na wɔyɛ afotufo pa nanso wɔamfa anyɛ wɔn adwuma wɔ mmere a atwam mu no ananmu.

Aware mu afotu fii ase gyee din wɔ Amerika wɔ Wiase Ko II akyi. Ɛnnɛ nhomasuabea ahorow a agye din ayeyɛ ma ne abodin akɛseakɛse wɔ nea ɛno ankasa abɛyɛ adwuma kɛse yi mu.

Dɛn ne Aware Mu Afotu?

Sɛnea Michigan, Amerika kuw a edi aware mu afotu ho adanse kyerɛ no, aware mu afotu yɛ “akwankyerɛ, sɔhwɛ, nkɔmmɔbɔ ahorow, ayaresa, afotu a wɔde ma a atirimpɔw titiriw no ne sɛ wɔbɛma aware mu ntawntawdi afi hɔ, wɔbɛma ano abrɛ ase anaa wobesiesie, anaasɛ wɔbɛma aware mu biakoyɛ aba, anaa anya nkɔso.”

Ɛte sɛ nea ɛno ara na John ne Jane hia. Nanso, eyi yɛ asekyerɛ a wɔde ma wɔ aware mu afotu ho ɔhaha pii no mu biako. Nneyɛe ho nhwehwɛmu (a ɛfa nipadua, adwene, ne ntini no dwumadi ho) yɛ ade biako. Mmɔden a wɔabɔ sɛ wɔde saa nhwehwɛmu yi bedi dwuma, ama nkyerɛkyerɛ ne nneɛma ahorow pii a wɔsɔ hwɛ asɔre. Adwene ho ɔbenfo Allen S. Bernsten a ofi Florida ka akwan atitiriw anan a emu paapae bɛyɛ akwan nketewa 130 ho asɛm:

Mpɛɛpɛɛmu: Ɔfotufo no bɔ mmɔden sɛ ɔbɛhwehwɛ nea enti a woyɛ ade sɛnea woyɛ no mu. Ɔhwehwɛ mmofrabere mu nneɛma a wokae a ebia ɛbɛma wanya wo mprempren nneyɛe no mu ntease no mu.

Nneyɛe: Wɔ eyi mu no nkate a ɛwɔ wo mu no nyɛ nea ehia no kɛse. Mmom no, ɔbɔ mmɔden sɛ ɔbɛsakra wo su anaa nneyɛe horow a enye no denam ntetee ne tebea horow so.

Ɔdesani a Woyɛ: Wɔ eyi mu no ɔfotufo no de n’adwene si w’ani a wobɛma aba wo ho so, w’ankasa onyin, w’ankasa w’asɛyɛde so kɛse, na ama nsakrae aba wo ankasa ne wo nneyɛe mu.

Nea Ɛsen Ɔdesani De: Ɔbɔ mmɔden sɛ ɔbɛboa wo ma woafi ne nyinaa mu.

Nhwehwɛmu bi a wɔyɛe kyerɛe sɛ aware mu afotufo ɔha biara mu 64 fa wɔn ankasa kwan a wɔpɛ so wɔ nkyerɛkyerɛ ne akwan horow a ɛwɔ hɔ no mu. Nanso ɛte sɛnea afotufo pii wɔ botae koro. Ɔbenfo Usha Anand a ɔyɛ aware mu ɔfotufo wɔ India no kyerɛwee sɛ “aware mu afotu botae . . . ne sɛ ɛbɛhyɛ abusua nhyehyɛe ne abusua biakoyɛ no mu den.” Eleanor Luckey a ɔyɛ mmofra ne awofo abusuabɔ ho nsɛm ho ɔbenfo wɔ Connectieut Sukuupɔn mu no ka aware mu afotu ho asɛm sɛ “nnipa baanu a wotu wɔn fo a abusuabɔ ka ho.”

Afotufo kura botae koro: nkitahodi. Wɔbɔ mmɔden sɛ wobenya akwan horow a etu mpɔn pii a awarefo bɛfa so adi nkitaho.

So Wɔfata?

Aman binom ma aware mu afotufo tumi krataa sɛ adwuma soronko. Nanso, sɛnea Australiani adwene ho ɔbenfo William Carrington kyerɛ no, esiane sɛ afotufo a wɔanya ntetee pii nni hɔ nti, nnipa a wonnya mfa nyɛɛ wɔn adwuma ankasa retu fo wɔ aware mu wɔ Engiresi Aburokyiri, Australia ne New Zealand. Wɔ aman binom so wɔ Afrika, Asia ne South America no, ɛte sɛnea asɔfo, asomfo, nnuruyɛfo, akyerɛkyerɛfo ne nkurow so mpanyimfo a wonnyaa ho ntetee na wɔde aware mu afotu rema.

Adwene ho ɔbenfo ne ɔfotufo William Nicholas se, “aware mu afotu yɛ adwuma a ɛho hia a wɔn a wɔn ho akokwaw ne wɔn a wɔn ho nkokwawee nyinaa reyɛ.”

Enti ɛsɛ sɛ John ne Jane yɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow pii, sɛ wɔkɔ so ara sɛ wɔbɛkɔ akohu aware mu afotufo sɛnea wɔabɔ wɔn tirim no a. Nanso, sɛ́ awarefo nkumaa no, asɛm biako wɔ hɔ a akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ wɔn ani begye sɛ wohu:

Sika Ahe Na Egye?

Wɔ Amerika no, ɛbo no sonosonoe, a efi nea wɔde ma kwa a wonnye ho hwee so kosi Amerika sika dɔla 45 so dɔnhwerew biara. Wɔn a wɔatew wɔn ho, efi asetra mu nsɛm ho adwumayɛfo so kosi adwene ho abenfo so no gye efi dɔla 35 kosi 150​—baabi a ɛbo no begyina biara.

So aware mu afotu yɛ nea etu mpɔn? “Afotufo pii ka sɛ wɔn nnipa no nkyem abiɛsa mu abien na wotumi boa wɔn,” saa na Consumer Life Magazine no kyerɛ. Adwene ho ɔbenfo Moris B. Parloff a ɔwɔ Amerika Ɔman Asoɛe a ɛhwɛ Adwenemtew ho nsɛm so no se, “Nnuru ahorow no yɛ nea ɛda adi sɛ eye ma nnipa a wɔwɔ nkate a emu yɛ den na wonni ahotɔ koraa, nnipa a wɔasua nhoma yiye a biribi wɔ hɔ a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wɔadi yiye wɔ asetra mu pɛn na wobetumi ada wɔn nkate horow adi.”

Nanso, wɔka nea eye ne nea enye pii wɔ ho. Aware mu ɔfotufo a wɔagye no atom kɛse wɔ aman ahorow so, Jay Haley, de ba awiei sɛ, nnuruyɛfo no ntumi nhu sɛ wɔn akwan a wɔfa so anaa nea efi mu ba no ye anaa enye. Ose, ɛno nti na wɔtwentwɛn wɔn nan ase sɛ wɔbɛda nea efi wɔn nhwehwɛmu horow mu ba adi no.

[Kratafa 5 adaka]

“Hwɛ, trenee so na ɔhene bi bedi hene, na asafohene nso, atemmu so na wobedi asafohene. Na wɔn mu biara bɛyɛ sɛ mframa ano hintabea ne osu ano guankɔbea; sɛ nkyerekyerewa so nsuwansuwa, sɛ asase a akyen so botan kɛse onwini.”​—Yesaia 32:1, 2.