Ne Nom Ma Ho Ɔsɔretia No Di Nkogu
TE SƐ sigaretnomfo a ɔmpɛ sɛ obegyae ne nom no, ɛtɔ bere bi a nnipa a wɔtɔ sigaret no tew dodow a wɔtɔ no so esiane sɛ wosuro sɛ ebetumi adi nkurɔfo awu na ne nom aka wɔn hɔ nti, nanso wɔsan fi ase tɔ nea ɛsen kan de no. Dɛn na esiw ehu a ɛte saa no ano? Ɛho dawuru a wɔbɔ ne ɔko! Sɛnea abakɔsɛm kyerɛwfo Robert Sobel kyerɛ no, eyi ne “akwan atitiriw abien a wɔnam so ma sigaretnom trɛw.”
Sigaretnom nyaa nkɔso bere a ‘aman sɔree aman so’ wɔ wiase nyinaa ko a edi kan no mu no. (Mateo 24:7) Dɛn na ɛmaa sigaret a wɔyɛ wɔ Amerika no dodow kɔɔ soro fi ɔpepepem 18 wɔ 1914 mu koduu ɔpepepem 47 wɔ 1918 mu no? Ɛyɛ sigaret a wɔkae sɛ wɔmfa mma asraafo kwa ho ɔsatu no! Wosusuw sɛ tumi a enya wɔ adwene no so no bɛboa ma wɔadi ankonam a wɔyɛ wɔ ɔko mu no so.
Britaniafo dwom bi a wɔto wɔ ɔko bere mu se “Fa wo haw ahorow hyɛ wo bag dedaw no mu/Bere a wowɔ mankyese a wɔde bɛsɔ wo sigaret no.” Bere a aban nnwuma ne akuw ahorow a wɔda ɔman ho dɔ adi de sigaret maa asraafo a wɔantua ho hwee no, nnipa a wɔkasa tia sigaretnom mpo antumi ankasa antia.
Nkɛntɛnso a Enyae Wɔ Nkurɔfo So Mu Den a Wɔhyɛe
Nnipa afoforo a wofii ase nom sigaret no bɛyɛɛ wɔn a na wotumi tɔ pii wɔ ɔko no akyi. Sɛ wɔkyekyem a, wɔ 1925 mu nkutoo no, ɛkame ayɛ sɛ Amerikani biara nom sigaret 700. Wɔ ɔko no akyi no, Greecefo nom sigaret a wɔnom wɔ Amerika no mu fã. Amerikafo sigaret gyee din wɔ aman pii so nanso aman te sɛ India, China, Japan, Italy ne Poland de wɔn ankasa tawa a woduae yɛɛ sigaret tɔn maa wɔn manfo.
Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a sigaret ho adawurubɔfo bɛma wɔakɔ so atɔ wɔ Amerika no, wɔde wɔn adwene sii mmea so. Jerome E. Brooks bɔ amanneɛ sɛ, “Wobuu tawa ho dawuru a wɔbɔe wɔ 1920 mfe no mu sɛ ‘adammɔ.’ Nanso sigaret ho dawuru a wɔbɔe no maa Amerikafo kɔɔ so tɔe wɔ sikasɛm mu ahokyere a ɛbae wɔ 1929 mu no ne wɔ akyi. Sika kɛse (bɛyɛ $75,000,000 wɔ 1931 mu) a woyii de boaa sigaret adwuma no ma wobuu sigaret sɛ ade a ɛma nkurɔfo tumi kɔ so yɛ teateaa a wɔde si asikrɛtɛ ananmu. Sini ahorow a na ɛhyɛ sigaretnomfo te sɛ Marlene Dietrich anuonyam ma egyee din kɛse. Enti wɔ 1939 mu, da a wiase nyinaa ko foforo fii ase no anwummere, Amerikafo mmea kaa mmarima ho ma wɔnom sigaret ɔpepepem 180.
Wɔsan koo ɔko foforo! Wɔde sigaret kyɛɛ asraafo a nea wɔde ma wɔn wɔ akono nso ka ho. Sigaret ho dawurubɔ bi a wodii ho dwuma yiye a ɛde ɔman ho dɔ a wonya wɔ ɔko bere mu dii dwuma no kae sɛ, “Sigaret a Ɛho Yɛ Ahabammono a Ne Ti Ye No Akɔ Ɔko!” Esiane sɛ wobuu akontaa sɛ bere a Wiase Ko II baa awiei no na sigaret a wɔnom wɔ United States no yɛ ɔpepepem 400 afe biara nti, hena na obetumi agye afã a tawa anya wɔ wiase no mu no ho kyim?
Ampa, hena na obetumi aka sɛ na sigaret ho nhia wɔ Europa wɔ ɔko no akyi, faako a wɔde sigaret sii sika ananmu wɔ sum ase aguadi mu wɔ bere bi mu no? Na Amerika asraafo a wɔwɔ Europa no de sɛnt anum tɔ sigaret na na wɔde tua biribiara a wɔtɔ ka—efi mpaboa foforo so kosi sika a wɔde ma wɔn mpenanom so. Sigaret a na ɔsraani biara tɔn a na ontua ho tow biara no dodow kɔɔ soro fi 5,400 wɔ 1945 mu koduu 21,250 wɔ mfe abien pɛ ntam.
Wɔ mfedudu pii mu no, wotumi de biribiara a enye wɔ tawanom ho hintaw ɔmanfo—wɔamfa ɛho anoyi biara amma na mmom nkɔso kɛse a enyae no amma wɔanhu. Nanso, na nsemmisa kɔ so sɔre wɔ ho wɔ kokoam. So sigaretnom tumi pira obi? So eye anaasɛ enye?
Wɔ 1952 mu no, akwahosan ho asɛm a ɛwom no sɔree mpofirim. Britania nnuruyɛfo tintim nhwehwɛmu foforo bi a ɛkyerɛ sɛ nnipa a wɔyare akisikuru taa yɛ wɔn a wɔnom sigaret pii. Reader’s Digest faa asɛm no kae na ɛbɔɔ ho dawuru kɛse wɔ ɛno akyi. Ebeduu 1953 mu no, na ɛte sɛ nea sigaretnom a wɔkasa tia ho ɔsatu bi betumi ayɛ yiye. So wiase no begyae sigaretnom?
Sigaret Adwuma Kɛse No
Sigaret adwuma no kae wɔ baguam sɛ wontumi nnii asɛm a wɔka de tia sigaret no ho adanse na ɛyɛ ade a wɔde wɔn adwene bu ara kwa. Nanso mpofirim—nea ɛne nea wɔkae no bɔ abira no, ɛdaa nea amma wɔantumi annya ho adanse biara a ɛne ama pii a enni sigaret wusiw mu no adi. Sigaret foforo no maa sigaretnomfo a na ehu aka wɔn a wɔmpɛ sɛ wogyae nom no nyaa adwene sɛ asiane biara nni mu na ɛbɛma wɔanya ahoɔden bere a ho dawuru a wɔbɔe no san daa tumi a ɛwɔ sɛ etumi ma nkurɔfo nya biribi ho adwene pa no adi no.
Wɔ sika fam no, sigaret adwuma no wɔ pii nnɛ sen bere biara. Nkurɔfo kɔ so tɔ. Dodow a wɔnom afe biara no kɔ soro ɔha biara mu 1 wɔ aman a wɔanya nkɔso wɔ mfiridwuma mu no mu ne bɛboro ɔha biara mu 3 wɔ Wiase Aman a Ɛto So Abiɛsa a afei na ɛrenya nkɔso no mu. Wɔ Pakistan no, ɛrenya nkɔanim mpɛn asia sen sɛnea ɛte wɔ aman a ɛwɔ Atɔe Fam no pii mu na ɛte saa mpɛn awotwe wɔ Brazil. Thailandni biara de n’akatua mu nkyem anum mu biako tɔ sigaret.
Nanso wɔ nnipa pii a wosusuw ade ho fam no, mfe 100 a wiase no de anom sigaret no nyɛ asɛm no awiei. So biribi wɔ hɔ a ɛsen hu a wohu nkɔso kɛse yi a aba wɔ tawanom mu ne pene a nnipa pene so a wommisa ho hwee, ne titiriw efi 1914 no? Na nsɛm te sɛ abrabɔ mu nnyinasosɛm a ɛfa sigaretnom ho a wɔtaa bisa no nso ɛ? So abrabɔ ho asɛm nni sigaret nom mu anaasɛ ɛyɛ nea enye? Yɛn asɛm a edi hɔ no ma yenya mu nhumu bi.
[Kratafa 7 mfoni]
Ɛho dawuru a wɔbɔ ne ɔko—akwan atitiriw abien a wɔnam so ma sigaretnom trɛw