Wiase Nsɛm
Wotu Mmea Fo Sɛ Wɔnko Ntia Mmonnaatofo
Nhwehwɛmu foforo ada no adi sɛ, sɛ mmea ne mmonnaatofo pere so mmom sen sɛ wɔbɛpa kyɛw anaa wobesu a, wobetumi akwati mmonnaato ne pira. Bere a nhwehwɛmufo rehwehwɛ mmea a nkurɔfo bɔɔ mmɔden sɛ wɔbɛto wɔn mmonnaa ho kyerɛwtohɔ ahorow mu wɔ Brandeis Sukuupɔn a ɛwɔ Waltham, Massachusetts no, wohui sɛ mpɛn pii no mmea a wɔko tiae anaa wɔteɛteɛɛm na woguanee no nyaa wɔn ho sen wɔn a wɔanyɛ saa no. American Health nsɛmma nhoma no ka sɛ: “Nokwarem no, mmea a ɛyɛɛ mmerɛw kɛse sɛ wɔbɛto wɔn mmonnaa anaa wobepira wɔn ne wɔn a wɔanko antia na mmom wɔbɔɔ mmɔden sɛ wɔbɛpa mmonnaatofo no kyɛw anaa wɔne wɔn besusuw nsɛm ho no.” Oduruyɛfo Sarah Ullman a odii nhwehwɛmu no anim de afotu yi ma sɛ: “Ɛnsɛ sɛ ɔbea twentwɛn ne nan ase sɛ ɔbɛteɛteɛm na ɔde n’ahoɔden nyinaa ako atia. Ɛda adi sɛ kyɛwpa ne ɔsrɛ remmoa.”
Poland Asɔre No
Bɛyɛ mfe anan ni a Komunis nniso gui wɔ Poland no, Katolek Asɔre no rehyia ɔhaw a emu yɛ den. Sɛnea London Gaurdian Weekly no kyerɛ no, nsɛm a wobisabisaa ɔmanfo da no adi sɛ “asɔfo ahwere wɔn dibea a nidi wom no fã kɛse no ara.” Ɛde ka ho sɛ “nnipa dodow a wɔde wɔn abisade ba sɛ wɔpɛ sɛ wɔyɛ asɔfo no so retew na sukuufo dodow a wɔba ma wɔkyerɛkyerɛ wɔn nyamesɛm no so retew.” Wɔn a wobisabisaa wɔn nsɛm no mu dodow no ara gye di sɛ Katoleksom nya ɔmanfo asetra so nkɛntɛnso dodo. Gaurdian ka sɛ Polandfo “nhomanimfo gye di sɛ ɛwom sɛ bere a atwam no, Poland gyee din wɔ nyamesom hokwan a wɔmae mu de, nanso nokwarem no, na Katoleksom a wodii akyi no mfi komam, na na ɛyɛ guasodeyɛ bi kɛkɛ.” Ebinom gye di sɛ wɔde asɔre no dii dwuma titiriw de ko tiaa Komunis nniso, na ansiw Poland Katolekfo no kwan sɛ “wobegyae aware anaa wobetu nyinsɛn agu bere a na mmara no da so ara ma wɔn saa hokwan no.”
“Woamfa Anni Dwuma a Wobɛhwere”
Nhwehwɛmu a wɔayɛ wɔ wiase nyinaa no pii da no adi sɛ dodow a obi de n’adwene di dwuma no, dodow no ara na n’adwene betumi ayɛ adwuma kɛse. Sɛnea Toronto Star bɔ amanneɛ no, “Ɛnyɛ wo mmofraberem nko na ɛsɛ sɛ wode w’adwene di dwuma de sua nneɛma pii, na mmom wo nkwa nna nyinaa mu, na ɛno bɔ wo ho ban fi” adwenem nyarewa a ɛde awerɛfi ba ho. The Toronto Star a wɔyɛ wɔ Canada no bɔ amanneɛ sɛ: “Akenkan, akyerɛw ne akontaabu betumi ayɛ ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wubetumi afa so abɔ w’amemene ho ban na” tumi a ɛde di dwuma no ano annwo. Adwene ne nneyɛe ho ɔbenfo Marilyn Albert kae sɛ: “Wɔafoa saa nhwehwɛmu yi so kɛse ma yenim sɛ ɛyɛ nokware.” Ɔde kaa ho sɛ: “W’amemene no de, sɛ ‘woamfa anni dwuma a wobɛhwere.’”
Kokoram a Mframa Bɔne na Ɛde Ba
Mfe ason ni a Chernobyl nukla asiane no sii wɔ Ukraine no, nnuruyɛfo a wɔwɔ Belarus (a kan na wɔfrɛ no Belorussia) no rebɔ amanneɛ sɛ menewam kokoram a ɛyɛ mmofra rekɔ soro kɛse. Sɛnea Franse aduruyɛ ho nsɛmma nhoma Le Concours médical kyerɛ no, menewam kokoram a wɔbɔɔ amanneɛ sɛ efi 1986 kosi 1989 no ɛyɛɛ mmofra 4 afe biara no kɔɔ soro fi 1990 kosi June 1992, na ɛyɛɛ mmofra 114 afe biara. Esiane sɛ mframa bɔne a ɛde menewam kokoram ba a wɔfrɛ no iodine 131 no na asiane no de baa kɛse sen mframa bɔne afoforo nti, nyansahufo gye di sɛ kokoram a mframa bɔne afoforo de ba no so bɛtew.
Nkokɔ a Wɔanya “AIDS”
Ɛda adi sɛ ɛnyɛ nnipa ne kontromfi ahorow bi nkutoo na AIDS tumi yɛ wɔn. Indian Express a ɛwɔ Bombay, India no bɔɔ amanneɛ sɛ ɔyare bi a ɛte sɛ AIDS aka ɔman no nkokɔ. Sɛnea Express no kyerɛ no, yare a ɔyare mmoawa de ba a wɔfrɛ no gumbaro, a nea efi mu ba ne nipadua mu nkwammoaa a wontumi nko ntia nyarewa (te sɛ AIDS) no “atrɛw kɛse wɔ ɔman no mu, na aka nkokɔ ɔpehaha pii.” Nkokɔ a wɔto nkesua bɛboro ɔpepem 1.5 awuwu. Amanneɛbɔ no kyerɛe sɛ ebia nkesua ho bɛyɛ den kɛse wɔ India.
Mmofra Haw Ahorow
International Herald Tribune bɔ amanneɛ sɛ: “Ɛnnɛ, mmofra a wonnyaa mfe aduonu [wɔ United States] hyia tebea bɔne a ɛyɛ hu koraa sen nea wɔn awofo ne wɔn nananom kae sɛ wohyiae bere a na wɔyɛ mmofra no.” Bere a Tribune reka United States akontaabu ho asɛm no, ɛka sɛ mmofra a wonnyaa mfe aduonu a wɔnom nsa no dodow akɔ soro ɔha biara mu nkyem 30 asen 1950 mfe no mu de. Mmofra a wokum wɔn ho a na ɛyɛ ade a ɛntaa nsi no abɛyɛ ɔkwan a nnipa fa so wu sen biara a ɛto so abiɛsa, na edi akwanhyia ne awudi akyi. Mmofra a wɔadi fi mfe 10 kosi 14 a wonyinsɛnee bere a wɔnhwɛ kwan no dodow kɔɔ anim ɔha biara mu nkyem 23 fi 1983 kosi 1987, na dodow a wonyaa babaso no bu bɔɔ ho mpɛn anan fi 1960 kosi 1988. Adwene ne nneyɛe ho abenfo rehwehwɛ akwan afoforo a wobetumi afa so ate mmofra ase na wɔaboa wɔn.
Aniwa na Wɔde Hwɛ Wɔn Sen sɛ Wɔbɛwe
Bonsu kyere ne ne we ho asɛm asɔre denneennen wɔ nnansa yi mfe mu. Wɔ aman bi te sɛ Japan mu no, ebinom kyerɛ sɛ bonsu nam yɛ wɔn aduan a wodi daa no fã, na bara a Amanaman Ntam Asoɛe a Ɛhwɛ Bonsu a Woyi so no abara bonsu a woyi no yɛ wɔn abufuw. Nanso Japanfo binom ahu sɛ bonsu betumi ama wɔanya mfaso foforo sen sɛ wobeyi wɔn awe. Wɔn a wɔtete Bonin Supɔw a ɛwɔ Tokyo kesee fam so no ani abere retrɛw bonsu ho adwuma no mu ma abɛyɛ krabɛhwɛ. Bere a wɔn a wɔba hɔ no hu bonsu no wɔ nsu a emu na wɔte ankasa sen sɛ wobehu wɔn wɔ wɔn prɛte so no, wɔn ani gye, titiriw sɛ bonsu no puw anaa ɔboro nsu a.
“Atuo Kura Ho Anigye a Ɛboro So”
May 25 The New York Times no samufo asɛm bi a ekura saa asɛmti no kaa ɔbarima bi a ɔwɔ Louisiana a wodii n’asɛm buu no bem sɛ onnii awu, ɛmfa ho sɛ wɔ October 1992 no, okum Japanni adesuani bi a na aban de no aba hɔ no ho asɛm. Adesuani a na wadi mfe 16 no dii mfomso kɔbɔɔ ɔbarima no pon mu. Ɔbarima no ka kyerɛɛ adesuani no sɛ onnyina nanso wante ase, na bere a wannyina hɔ no, ɔtoo tuo bɔɔ Japanni abofra no kokom. Ɔbarima no mmaranimfo ka de gyinaa n’akyi sɛ: “Wowɔ mmara mu hokwan sɛ wobɛtwe obiara a ɔba wo pon ano so tuo.” Samufo asɛm no kae sɛ, ɛno kyerɛ sɛ obiara a ɔba wo pon ano, a “ɛhɔ sɔfo ka ho . . . , na ɔbɛpɛ ne ho asɛm abɔ wo dan mu no betumi ahwɛ kwan sɛ wobɛto no tuo.” Japanni sɛnkyerɛwfo bi kae sɛ: “Yɛn Japanfo de yɛnte nea enti a Amerikafo pɛ tuo kura saa no ase.” Samufo asɛm no buae sɛ: “Nokwarem no, emu da hɔ. Misusuw sɛ ɛyɛ agyimisɛm, nnipa ho koma a wonnya, ‘hokwan a wɔwɔ sɛ wobekura tuo’ a wokyinkyim ne ntease ne pow a wɔpow sɛ wɔbɛyɛ nsakrae biara,” ɛmfa ho sɛ atuo akunkum nnipa ɔpepem pii no.
Mmea a Wɔka Kar
Wɔtaa bu mmea a wɔka kar sɛ wonnim karka te sɛ mmarima. So nokwasɛm ahorow no ne adwene a nnipa pii wɔ no hyia? Sɛnea The Motorist, nsɛmma nhoma a South Africa Kar ho Adwumayɛ Kuw bi kyerɛwee no kyerɛ no, ɛnte saa. Mmarima na wohyiaa kar akwanhyia a esisii wɔ afe biako mu nnansa yi ara no mu bɛboro ɔha biara mu nkyem 83. Enti insurance adwumayɛ pii ma mmea a wɔka kar insurance akɛse sen mmarima. Nsɛmma nhoma a wɔaka ho asɛm wɔ atifi hɔ no kyerɛkyerɛ mu sɛ nea enti a wɔwɔ “ahotoso a ɛte saa wɔ mmea karka mu ne sɛ” “wogye di sɛ mmea mfa anuɔden nka kar, wɔntaa nyɛ nneɛma a asiane wom na wɔntaa mmu karka ho mmara so.” Nsɛmma nhoma no de ba awiei sɛ ɛmfa ho sɛ nea ɔka kar no yɛ ɔbea anaa ɔbarima no, esu a ɛfata a obenya na ɛma ɔka kar yiye.
Sɛnea Wiase no mu Akwahosan Te
Wiase akwahosan tebea te dɛn? Amanneɛbɔ a ɛkɔ akyiri a Wiase Akwahosan Ahyehyɛde no tintimii no kura asɛmmɔne ne asɛmpa. Asɛmpa no ne sɛ, ntoburo, mmubui, nkɔnkɔn, ne nkokoa a asensen yɛ wɔn no rekɔ fam, efisɛ wɔrebɔ mmɔden wɔ wiase nyinaa sɛ wɔbɛbɔ mmofra paane de abɔ wɔn ho ban. Koma ne mogya ntin mu nyarewa nso so retew wɔ aman a wɔanya nkɔso mu dodow no ara mu. Nkokoa ne mmofra a wowuwu wɔ wiase nyinaa no so retew, na nnipa nyin kyɛ kakra. Wiase Akwahosan Ahyehyɛde no bɔ amanneɛ sɛ asɛmmɔne no ne sɛ, “ada adi sɛ” nyarewa te sɛ twa me afrɛ so yare (cholera) ne atiridii ahorow a abu so wɔ mmeae a wonya nsu ne awia kɛse no “atrɛw yiye.” AIDS, nsamanwaw, ne asikre yare nso rekɔ anim.
Video Kyakyatow
Garry Smith, Alberta Sukuupɔn hɔ tikya ka sɛ video kyakyatow ho mfiri “tumi ma adeyɛ no ka obi hɔ te sɛ kokaine a wɔde di dwuma,” na ɛnsɛ sɛ wɔde sisi mmɔnten so. Bere a The Edmonton Journal a ɛwɔ Canada no bisabisaa Smith, a ɔyɛɛ kyakyatow a ɛka nkurɔfo hɔ ho nhwehwɛmu bi nsɛm no, ɔka sɛ video kyakyatow betumi aka obi hɔ “wɔ asram asia pɛ mu.” Ɔka sɛ kyakyatow a nnipa de wɔn ho hyem no ma amumɔyɛ ne nsɛnnennen afoforo a anibere wom yɛ kɛse. Wɔn a kyakyatow aka wɔn hɔ mu nkyekyem abiɛsa biara mu abien di sika a ɛnyɛ wɔn de, na wobu nneɛma gu mu wɔ nkrataa so, wɔbɔ apoo, na wowia ade na ama wɔatumi atoa wɔn adeyɛ no so. Adeyɛ no ka obi hɔ a, ɛma otumi nya adwenemhaw na onya adwene sɛ obekum ne ho, na ekowie karka a asiane wom ne akwanhyia, ne afei ɛka a wontumi ntua “na ɛma nnuruyɛ ahyehyɛde ahorow no bɔ ka” mu. Sɛnea Smith kyerɛ no, “Obi a kyakyatow aka no hɔ biara bɔ ɔman no ka Canadafo dɔla 56,000.”
1990 Mfe no mu Mmofra
Vittorino Andreoli a ɔyɛ adwene ne nneyɛe ho ɔbenfo wɔ Verona Sukuupɔn a ɛwɔ Italy mu no bɔ amanneɛ sɛ, nea ɛne awo ntoatoaso a abɛsen kɔ no bɔ abira no, ɛnnɛyi mmofra “ntaa nsusuw daakye ho.” Ɔde ka ho sɛ eyi ma ɛyɛ den sɛ mmofra de “nneɛma bɛbɔ afɔre nnɛ na ama wɔanya anigye daakye.” Pii nso ntumi “nhu papa ne bɔne,” na ɛkyerɛ sɛ “tebea a wɔwom no nkutoo na ɛkyerɛ wɔn nea wɔnyɛ” sen abrabɔ ho mmara pɔtee bi. Ɛnnɛyi mmofra pii nte nea owu yɛ ase ankasa. Andreoli kae sɛ “television so wu a ɛyɛ asetra mu nsɛm a ɛnyɛ paa ara nkutoo na wonim . . . Mmofra nim sɛnea wobetumi adi awu, nanso wonnim dekode a owu yɛ. Enti, wobetumi adi awu, anaa wɔakum wɔn ho, a nea wɔhwɛ kwan sɛ ebefi mu aba no yɛ soronko koraa.”