Wɔn a Sovietfo Taa Wɔn Kɛse
ƐWOM sɛ wɔmaa Russia Ortodɔks Asɔre no hokwan bi na ama Soviet Union anya mmoa a ɛde bedi nkonim wɔ Wiase Ko II mu de, nanso wɔkɔɔ so kaa asɔre no dwumadi ahorow bi hyɛe. Enti, sɛnea The Sword and the Shield, nhoma bi a wɔkyerɛw no 1999 a ɛka KGB (Soviet Man Ahobammɔ Bagua) ho abakɔsɛm kae no, “nea na ehia KGB no paa ne Kristofo nkae a na wɔne wɔn nni nkitahodi tee no dwumadi sɛ ‘ɔman ase tutufo’ no.” Na eyinom yɛ nyamesom kuw bɛn?
Nea na emufo dɔɔso paa ne Greek Katolek Asɔre a na ɛwɔ Ukraine, a seesei wɔfrɛ no Ukraine Katolek Asɔre no. Na emufo no dodow bɛyɛ 4,000,000. Sɛnea The Sword and the Shield kyerɛ no, “asɔremma ne asɔfo mpempem a na wɔwom no nyinaa wuwui wɔ Siberia adwumayɛban mu esiane wɔn gyidi nti ma ɛkaa emu asɔfopɔn du no mu baanu pɛ.” Asɔre foforo a KGB no de ani sii so ne Protestant asɔre ahorow a na wonnye ntoom wɔ mmara mu ma enti na ɛnhyɛ Ɔman no ase tẽẽ no. Wɔ 1950 awiei mu hɔ no, KGB no buu akontaa hui sɛ Protestant asɔre ahorow yi nyinaa mu nnipa dodow yɛ bɛyɛ 100,000.
KGB no buu Yehowa Adansefo sɛ Protestant kuw no fã bi na wobuu akontaa wɔ 1968 mu hui sɛ wɔn dodow yɛ bɛyɛ 20,000 wɔ Soviet Union. Ɛde besi 1939 mu a Wiase Ko II no fii ase no, na Adansefo no yɛ kakraa bi. Enti, na nkurɔfo adwene nni wɔn so kɛse. Nanso, tebea no sakrae koraa, bere a mpofirim ara Adansefo a wɔwɔ Soviet Union no dodow duu mpempem pii no. Ɛyɛɛ dɛn na eyi baa saa?
Nkɔso Kɛse Fi Ase
Walter Kolarz kae wɔ ne nhoma Religion in the Soviet Union a otintim no 1961 mu no mu sɛ nneɛma abien na ɛde nsakrae kɛse yi bae. Ɔkae sɛ emu biako ne sɛ “na Yehowa Adansefo pii wɔ aman a ɛbɛkaa Soviet Union ho”—Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, ne Moldavia—“wɔ 1939 kosi 1940 mu,” no mu. Afei nso, Poland ne Czechoslovakia apuei fam a na Adansefo bɛboro apem wɔ no nso bɛkaa Soviet Union ho, ma ɛbɛyɛɛ Ukraine fã. Enti, nea ɛbae ara ne sɛ Adansefo yi nyinaa bɛkaa Soviet Union ho prɛko pɛ.
Kolarz kyerɛwee sɛ ade foforo a ɛmaa wɔn dodow kɔɔ anim ‘ntɛmntɛm, a ebia nkurɔfo nnye nni’ no ne “nneduaban ahorow mu a Germanfo de nkurɔfo kogui no.” Nasifo no de Adansefo mpempem pii koguu afiase esiane sɛ wɔammoa Hitler ne ntua a ɔde baa afoforo so denam akodi so no nti. Kolarz kyerɛkyerɛɛ mu sɛ Russia nneduafo a na wɔwɔ nsraban no mu no “ani sɔɔ ‘Adansefo’ no akokoduru ne nokwaredi no kɛse ma enti ebia ɛno nti na wɔn ani gyee wɔn nkyerɛkyerɛ ho no.” Ne saa nti, Russiafo mmerante ne mmabaa pii fii nsraban no mu baa Soviet Union a na wɔanya Yehowa Nyankopɔn ne n’atirimpɔw a ɛyɛ nwonwa ma asase no ho gyidi foforo.—Dwom 37:29; Adiyisɛm 21:3, 4.
Esiane ntease a ɛte saa nti, Adansefo no dɔree ntɛmntɛm wɔ Soviet Union. Wɔ 1946 mfiase pɛɛ no, na wɔn dodow yɛ bɛyɛ 1,600 na 1940 mfe no baa awiei no, na wɔn dodow boro 8,000. Nkɔso yi maa KGB no muni bi a sɛnea yɛadi kan ahu no, na “Kristofo a ɔman no nni wɔn so tumi pɔtee bi dwumadi ho hia no no, ho dwiriw no kɛse pa ara.”
Ɔtaa no Fi Ase
Ɛmfa ho sɛ na Adansefo no nnɔɔso pii wɔ Soviet Union no, atumfoɔ a wɔwɔ hɔ no sɔre tiaa wɔn asɛnka adwuma a na wɔde nsi yɛ no mpofirim ara. Wɔ Estonia no, ɔsɔretia no fii ase wɔ August 1948 mu bere a wɔkyeree nnipa baanum a wodi adwuma no anim de wɔn koguu afiase no. Lembit Toom a na ɔyɛ Ɔdansefo wɔ Estonia no kae sɛ: “Ɛbɛdaa adi ntɛm ara sɛ KGB no pɛ sɛ wɔkyere obiara.” Eyi baa saa bere a wofii ase sɛ wɔrekyere Ɔdansefo biara a wobehu no wɔ Soviet Union no.
Sovietfo no buu Adansefo no sɛ wɔyɛ nsɛmmɔnedifo a wɔn ho yɛ hu sen biara na wɔde Soviet Man a ɛmpɛ nyamesom no to asiane mu. Enti, wɔde ani sii wɔn so baabiara kyeree wɔn de wɔn guu afiase. The Sword and the Shield kae sɛ: “Ebetumi aba sɛ KGB mpanyimfo no ani a wɔde sii Yehowafo no so no yɛ nhwɛso a edi mu a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wonnim adepa a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ bere a wɔne ahobrɛasefo mpo redi no.”
Ɔsɔretia yi daa adi kɛse bere a wɔboapa to hyɛɛ Adansefo no so wɔ April 1951 mu no. Mfe abien pɛ a abɛsen kɔ mu wɔ 1999 no, Ɔbenfo Sergei Ivanenko, Russia nimdefo a wobu no yiye no, kae wɔ ne nhoma The People Who Are Never Without Their Bibles mu sɛ, wɔ April 1951 mfiase no, “wotuu Yehowa Adansefo mmusua bɛboro 5,000 fii Ukraine, Byelorussia, Moldavia, Soviet adehyeman a ɛwɔ Baltic no de wɔn kɔɔ Siberia, Siberia Apuei fam Akyirikyiri, ne Kazakhstan ma wɔkɔtraa hɔ koraa.”
Wɔfata Nkae
Wubetumi de w’ani abu adwuma a wɔyɛe wɔ ɔsɔretia no mu—Adansefo mmusua mpempem pii a wokyinkyinii mmeae pii kyekyee wɔn da koro no? Susuw nnipadɔm ɔhaha anaa mpo mpempem pii a na wobehia wɔn ama—nea edi kan no, wɔahwehwɛ Adansefo no na afei wɔakɔ wɔn afie mu anadwo akɔkyekye wɔn no ho. Ɛno akyi no, na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔboaboa nnipa no ano gu nteaseɛnam ne kar afoforo mu, de wɔn kɔ keteke gyinabea na woyi wɔn gu keteke mu.
Susuw amanehunu a ɛtoo Adansefo no nso ho hwɛ. So wubetumi de w’ani abu kilomita mpempem pii a na wɔbɛhyɛ wɔn ma wɔatwa—wɔ adapɛn abiɛsa anaa nea ɛboro saa mu—wɔ keteke a nnipa pii wom na emu ntew a bokiti mu na na wɔkɔ tiafi gu mu no? Na wo de, hwɛ sɛnea wɔde wɔn koguu Siberia asase pradada so, a na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔfa nsɛnnennen pii mu ansa na wɔatumi agyina ɛhɔ asetra ano no.
Ɔsram a etwaa mu no ne mfe 50 a wotwaa Yehowa Adansefo asu wɔ April 1951 mu no. Nea ɛbɛyɛ na yɛate wɔn nokwaredi wɔ mfe dudu a wɔde taa wɔn mu no, wɔakyere wɔn a wofii mu kae no suahu agu video kasɛt so. Eyinom da no adi—sɛnea na ɛte wɔ afeha a edi kan mu Kristofo mpo fam no—sɛ awiei koraa no, mmɔden biara a wɔbɔ sɛ wobesi ɔsom a wɔde ma Onyankopɔn ano no bɛyɛ ɔkwa.
Nea Efi Asu a Wotwaa Wɔn no Mu Bae
Sovietfo no hui akyiri yi sɛ ɛrenyɛ mmerɛw koraa sɛ wɔbɛma Adansefo no agyae Yehowa som sɛnea na wosusuw no. Wɔ nea na wɔn nnommumfafo no reka nyinaa akyi no, Adansefo no too dwom yii Yehowa ayɛ na wɔkyerɛw bɔɔ keteke no ho sɛ: “Yɛyɛ Yehowa Adansefo.” Ɔdansefo bi kyerɛkyerɛɛ mu sɛ: “Bere a keteke no nam kwan so rekɔ no, yehuu keteke afoforo a na wɔn a wɔatwa wɔn asu tete mu, na yehuu nea na wɔakyerɛw abobɔ keteke no ho no.” Hwɛ sɛnea eyi hyɛɛ yɛn nkuran!
Enti, sɛ anka wɔn a wɔatwa wɔn asu no werɛ bɛhow no, wɔyɛɛ wɔn ade te sɛ Yesu asuafo no. Bible ka sɛ bere a wɔhwee wɔn na wɔhyɛɛ wɔn sɛ wonnyae asɛm no ka no, “wɔannyae Yesu Kristo ho asɛmpa no ka ne kyerɛkyerɛ.” (Asomafo no Nnwuma 5:40-42) Nokwarem no, sɛnea Kolarz kaa nnommum no ho asɛm no, “eyi antumi angu ‘Adansefo’ no ase wɔ Russia, na mmom ɛyɛɛ ɔkwan foforo a wɔnam so yɛɛ asuafoyɛ adwuma no ara kɛkɛ. Wɔbɔɔ mmɔden mpo sɛ wɔbɛka wɔn gyidi no ho asɛm wɔ keteke gyinabea biara bere a na wɔnam kwan so no.”
Bere a Adansefo no koduu mmeae a wɔde wɔn rekɔ no, wohuu wɔn sɛ nkurɔfo a wɔyɛ osetie na wɔyɛ adwumaden. Nanso, bere koro ara no, wɔn nso kaa nea Kristo asomafo no kae no bi kyerɛɛ wɔn nhyɛsofo no sɛ: ‘Yɛrentumi nnyae yɛn Nyankopɔn ho asɛnka.’ (Asomafo no Nnwuma 4:20) Nnipa pii tiee asɛm a Adansefo no kae no, na wɔne wɔn boom som Nyankopɔn.
Nea efi mu bae no te sɛ nea Kolarz kae no ara pɛ: “Pam a Soviet Aban no pam wɔn no boa ma wɔkaa wɔn gyidi no ho asɛm kɛse mmom. Wotwaa ‘Adansefo’ no asu fii wɔn akuraa [wɔ Soviet adehyeman no apuei fam] a na atew ne ho no de wɔn kɔɔ ɔman a ɛsõ so, ɛmfa ho sɛ na ɛhɔ asetra yɛ den na wɔyɛɛ adwumaden wɔ adwumayɛban mu no.”
Mmɔden a Wɔbɔe sɛ Wɔde Besiw Nkɔso no Ano
Eduu bere bi no, Sovietfo no bɔɔ mmɔden sɛ wɔbɛfa kwan foforo so asiw Yehowa Adansefo no kwan. Esiane sɛ wɔantumi amfa ɔtaa a emu yɛ den so ansiw wɔn kwan nti, wɔfaa ɔkwan a etu mpɔn so de kaa atosɛm faa wɔn ho. Wɔnam nhoma, video, ne radio dwumadi—ne afei KGB adwumayɛfo a wɔatete wɔn yiye a wowiaa wɔn ho baa asafo ahorow mu—so bɔɔ mmɔden sɛ wobesiw wɔn kwan.
Adansefo no ho atosɛm pii a wɔkekae no maa nnipa pii suroo wɔn na na wɔnnye wɔn nni, sɛnea Reader’s Digest a ɛbaa August 1982 mu, Canada De no mu asɛm bi kyerɛe no. Vladimir Bukovsky, Russiani bi a otumi tuu kwan kɔɔ England wɔ 1976 mu no na ɔkyerɛwee. Ɔkyerɛwee sɛ: “Da koro anwummere bi wɔ London no, mihui sɛ wɔakyerɛw wɔ dan bi ho sɛ YEHOWA ADANSEFO . . . Na mintumi nkenkan bio, me ho dwiriw me, na ehu mpo kaa me.”
Vladimir kyerɛkyerɛɛ nea enti a ehu kaa no saa no mu sɛ: “Eyinom ne atorosom mufo a atumfo no nam wɔn so hunahuna mmofra wɔ yɛn man mu no. . . Wɔ U.S.S.R. no, afiase ne nneduaban mu nkutoo na wubetumi ahu ‘Adansefo’ ankasa. Na seesei mihu edin no a wɔakyerɛw wɔ dan bi ho.” Obisae sɛ: “So obi betumi akɔ hɔ ne wɔn akɔbɔ fekuw?” Vladimir kaa asɛm yi de sii nea enti a ɔbɔɔ hu no so dua sɛ: “Wɔ yɛn man mu no, wodi ‘Adansefo’ no ani sɛ Mafiafo pɛpɛɛpɛ, na wobu wɔn nyinaa sɛ nkurɔfo a wɔn ho yɛ hu.”
Nanso, ɛmfa ho ɔtaa a emu yɛ den ne atosɛm a wɔka too wɔn so no, Adansefo no yeree wɔn ho na wɔn dodow nyaa nkɔanim. Sovietfo nhoma bi te sɛ The Truths About Jehovah’s Witnesses, a wotintim 100,000 wɔ Russia wɔ 1978 mu no de nyansahyɛ mae sɛ wommia atosɛm a wɔkeka fa Adansefo ho no mu. Nhoma no kyerɛwfo, V. V. Konik, a ɔkaa sɛnea Adansefo no yɛɛ wɔn asɛnka adwuma ɛmfa ho ɔtaa a emu yɛ den mpo no, de afotu mae sɛ: “Ɛsɛ sɛ Soviet nyamesom ho nhwehwɛmufo sua ɔkwampa a wobetumi afa so ako atia Yehowa Adansefo nkyerɛkyerɛ no.”
Dɛn Nti na Wɔtaa Ebinom Kɛse?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, wɔtaa Yehowa Adansefo kɛse wɔ Soviet esiane sɛ na wosuasua Yesu tete akyidifo no nti. Wɔ afeha a edi kan mu no, wɔbaraa asomafo no sɛ ‘wɔnnkyerɛkyerɛ Yesu din mu bio.’ Nanso, akyiri yi, wɔn asɔretiafo no kae sɛ: “Hwɛ, mode mo kyerɛ yi ahyɛ Yerusalem ma.” Asomafo no anni atoro anka sɛ wɔrenka asɛm no esiane sɛ wɔahyɛ wɔn sɛ wɔnnyɛ saa nti, na mmom wofi obu mu kae sɛ: “Ɛsɛ sɛ yetie Onyankopɔn mmom sen nnipa.”—Asomafo no Nnwuma 5:27-29.
Yehowa Adansefo a wɔwɔ hɔ nnɛ no nso bu Yesu ahyɛde a ɛne sɛ ‘wɔnka asɛm no na wonni nkurɔfo adanse’ no aniberesɛm. (Asomafo no Nnwuma 10:42) Maurice Hindus kyerɛkyerɛɛ mu wɔ ne nhoma The Kremlin’s Human Dilemma mu sɛ Adansefo no “asɛnka adwuma a etu mpɔn na wontumi nsiw ano” no nti na “wɔayɛ adesoa wɔ Moscow na Soviet polisifo ne wɔn di anobaebae bere nyinaa no.” Ɔka kaa ho sɛ: “Wontumi nsiw wɔn kwan. Sɛ wɔka wɔn hyɛ baabi a, wɔyɛ pii wɔ beae foforo.”
Russia abakɔsɛm kyerɛwfo Sergei Ivanenko kyerɛw sɛ: “Sɛnea minim no, Yehowa Adansefo ahyehyɛde no ne ɔsom ahyehyɛde biako pɛ a ɛwɔ USSR a wɔn dodow nyaa nkɔanim ɛmfa ho sɛ wɔbaraa wɔn na wɔtaa wɔn no.” Nokwarem no, ɔsom afoforo, te sɛ Russia Ortodɔks Asɔre a agye din no, kɔɔ so traa hɔ. W’ani begye ho sɛ wubehu sɛnea asɔre no ne Adansefo no tumi dii nkonim wɔ Sovietfo ntua no ano.
[Adaka wɔ kratafa 14]
‘Wɔn a Wɔtaa Wɔn Atirimmɔden So’
A Concise Encyclopaedia of Russia a wɔyɛɛ no 1964 mu no kae sɛ Yehowa Adansefo “yɛɛ asuafoyɛ adwuma no kɛse na wɔn som no ne nea wɔsɔre tiae kɛse paa atirimmɔden so wɔ Soviet Union aman no mu.”
[Adaka/Mfonini wɔ kratafa 15]
NNIPA MPEMPEM NO MU BIAKO—Fyodor Kalin Kyerɛkyerɛ Sɛnea Wotwaa N’abusua Asu no Mu
Na yɛn abusua no te Vilshanitsa akuraa a na ɛwɔ Ukraine atɔe fam no ase. April 8, 1951 ahemadakye bi no, mpanyimfo bi a na akraman ka wɔn ho ba benyanee yɛn ka kyerɛɛ yɛn sɛ Moscow aban no ahyɛ sɛ wontwa yɛn asu nkɔ Siberia. Nanso, sɛ yɛde yɛn nsa hyɛ nhoma bi ase de kyerɛ sɛ yɛnyɛ Yehowa Adansefo bio a, wɔbɛma yɛatra kurom hɔ. Yɛn abusua a na emufo yɛ baason, a na m’awofo ne me nuanom ka ho no, sii yɛn bo sɛ yɛbɛkɔ so ayɛ Adansefo. Na madi mfe 19 saa bere no.
Ɔpanyin biako kae sɛ: “Momfa adua, aburow, esiam, ne kabege—anyɛ saa a, mubenya aduan wɔ he ama mmofra no?” Wɔmaa kwan ma yɛfaa akokɔnam ne prakonam nso kaa ho. Wɔde nteaseɛnam abien bae bɛboaboaa biribiara ano guu mu na wɔde yɛn kɔɔ Hriplin kurow mu. Ɛhɔ no, wɔde nnipa a yɛn dodow yɛ 40 anaa 50 no nyinaa guu keteke bi mu too mu.
Na ntaboo nkongua kakraa bi na ɛwɔ keteke no mu a yɛbɛda so—na na ɛnyɛ obiara na obenya bi ada so—ne sutof ne gyabiriw ne nnyina kakraa bi. Na yɛde sutof no noa aduan wɔ nkuku a yɛde kɔe no mu. Nanso, na tiafi biara nni hɔ—na yɛkɔ tiafi gu bokiti mu. Akyiri yi yetuu amoa de bokiti no sii mu de kuntu kataa so sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a obi nhu.
Yɛfoafoaa so saa ara wɔ keteke no mu bere a na yɛretwa kwan kilomita pii akɔ beae bi a yennim no. Mfiase no, yɛn abam bui. Nanso, bere a yɛtoo Ahenni nnwom—denneennen maa yɛn nne famee—no, yɛn ani gyei. Na panyin paa no bue pon no ka kyerɛ yɛn sɛ yennyae, nanso na yennyae kosi sɛ yɛbɛto awie. Sɛ yegyina keteke gyinabea bi a, na ɛma nnipa pii hu sɛ wɔde Yehowa Adansefo rekɔ nnommumfa mu. Awiei koraa wɔ nnafua 17 anaa 18 akyi wɔ saa keteke no mu no, yeduu Siberia na wɔde yɛn kɔtraa beae bi a ɛbɛn Lake Baikal.
[Mfonini]
Me na migyina akyi hɔ nifa so no
[Adaka/Mfonini wɔ kratafa 16]
ARMAGEDDON—Sovietfo Video a Wɔnam So Kaa Atosɛm
Sovietfo yɛɛ Armageddon video no de sɛee Yehowa Adansefo din. Na ɛka atosɛm a ɛfa aberante bi a na ɔwɔ Soviet asraafo mu ne ababaa bi a wɔdaadaa no sɛ ɔmmɛyɛ Ɔdansefo no ntam dɔ ho asɛm ho. Wɔ video no awiei no, ababaa no nuabea kumaa wui wɔ akwanhyia a Ɔdansefo panyin bi a wɔka ne ho asɛm sɛ Amerikafo kwansrafo ma ɛbae no mu.
Bere a Ukraine atesɛm krataa The Red Flag a ɛbaa May 14, 1963, mu reka video no a bɛhwɛadefo no ani gyee ho kɛse ho asɛm no, ɛkae sɛ: “Yebetumi afa ɔkwan yi so adaadaa nkurɔfo ma wɔapo Onyankopɔn koraa, na yebetumi ayi akyerɛ wɔ ɔman no nkuraase a woyi video a ɛte saa kyerɛ no nso.”
[Mfonini wɔ kratafa 14]
Wɔde nnipa mpempem pii guu keteke mu kɔɔ Siberia