Sɛnea Nyamesom Dii Nkonim
ANSA na Nasi Germany rekɔtow ahyɛ Russia so wɔ June 1941 no, na ɛkame ayɛ sɛ Sovietfo agu Russia Ortodɔks Asɔre no koraa. Nanso, wɔ Nasi ntua no akyi no, Sovietfo nyaa ɔsom ho adwene foforo. Dɛn na ɛmaa eyi baa saa?
Richard Overy, a ɔyɛ nnɛyi abakɔsɛm ho ɔbenfo wɔ King’s College, London, no kyerɛkyerɛɛ mu wɔ ne nhoma Russia’s War—Blood Upon the Snow mu sɛ: “Ɔsɔfopɔn Sergei [Sergius], Asɔre no titrani no, ka kyerɛɛ asɔremma no saa da a Germanfo to hyɛɛ wɔn so no sɛ wɔnyɛ nea wobetumi nyinaa mma wonni nkonim. Ɔkyerɛw nkrataa bɛyɛ 23 wɔ mfe abien a edi hɔ mu de hyɛɛ n’asɔremma no nkuran sɛ wɔnko mma wɔn man a nyamesom nni hɔ no.” Enti, sɛnea Overy toaa so no, ‘Stalin maa ɔsom ho kwan bio.’
Awiei koraa wɔ 1943 mu no, Stalin gyee Ortodɔks Asɔre no toom na ɔpaw Sergius sɛ ɔsɔfopɔn foforo. Overy kae sɛ: “Asɔre no mpanyimfo no kyerɛɛ eyi ho anigye denam sika a wɔmaa asɔremma no yi de tɔɔ kar maa asraafo no so. Asɔfo ne asɔfopɔn hyɛɛ wɔn asɔremma nkuran sɛ wonni nokware mma Onyankopɔn ne Stalin.”
Bere a Russiafo nyamesom ho abakɔsɛm kyerɛwfo Sergei Ivanenko rekyerɛkyerɛ sɛnea nneɛma kɔɔ so saa bere yi mu wɔ Russia no, ɔkyerɛwee sɛ: ‘Ortodɔks Asɔre no nhoma titiriw, The Journal of the Moscow Patriarchate, kamfoo Stalin sɛ ɔkyerɛkyerɛfo ne ɔkannifo a ɔsen biara wɔ bere biara ne ɔman biara mu, obi a Onyankopɔn asoma no sɛ ommegye ɔman no mfi nhyɛso, asasewuranom, ne asikafo nsam. Ɛhyɛɛ asɔremma no nkuran sɛ wɔmfa wɔn nkwa nto hɔ mfa nko ntia USSR atamfo na wɔnyɛ nea wobetumi nyinaa mfa mmoa Kɔmunis nniso no.’
“Na Wɔsom Bo Kɛse Ma KGB No”
Wɔ Wiase Ko II akyi wɔ 1945 mu mpo no, na Ortodɔks Asɔre no kɔ so boa Kɔmunis tumidi no. The Soviet Union: The Fifty Years nhoma a Harrison Salisbury kyerɛwee no kyerɛɛ nea enti a na eyi te saa no sɛ: “Bere a ɔko no baa awiei no, asɔre mpanyimfo no penee Stalin nhyehyɛe foforo a Ɔmanfo ani nnye ho no so.”
The Sword and the Shield nhoma a wɔkyerɛw no nnansa yi ara no kyerɛkyerɛ sɛnea asɔre mpanyimfo no yɛɛ nea Sovietfo pɛ no mu. Ɛkyerɛkyerɛ mu sɛ Ɔsɔfopɔn Alexis I a osii Sergius ananmu wɔ 1945 mu no “de ne ho bɔɔ Wiase Asomdwoe Bagua, Sovietfo ahyehyɛde a wɔde sii hɔ wɔ 1949 mu no.” Nhoma no ka nso sɛ na ɔno ne Ɔsɔfopɔn Nikolai “yɛ nkurɔfo a wodi akoten wɔ KGB [Soviet Man Ahobammɔ Kuw] no mu.”
Anwonwasɛm ne sɛ, wɔ 1955 mu no, Ɔsɔfopɔn Alexis I kae sɛ: “Russia Ortodɔks Asɔre no taa asomdwoe nhyehyɛe foforo a aban no de aba no akyi, ɛnyɛ sɛ Asɔre no nni ahofadi nti, na mmom Soviet nhyehyɛe teɛ na ɛne Kristofo nkyerɛkyerɛ a Asɔre no de ma no hyia.”
The Guardian a ɛwɔ London, England, a ɛbaa January 22, 2000 mu no, kyerɛ sɛ Ortodɔks sɔfo Georgi Edelshtein a ɔne afoforo nyɛ adwene no kae sɛ: “Wɔde ahwɛyiye kɛse na ɛpaw asɔfopɔn no nyinaa na ama wɔatumi ayɛ adwuma ama soviet aban no. Na wɔn nyinaa yɛ KGB adwumayɛfo. Ɛda adi pefee sɛ na Ɔsɔfopɔn Alexy yɛ KGB adwumayɛni a na wɔfrɛ no Drozdov. Ɛnnɛ, wɔda so ara yɛ nneɛma wɔ amammui kwan so sɛnea na wɔyɛ mfe 20 anaa 30 a atwam no.”
Na Ɛboa Soviet Man No
Ɛdefa abusuabɔ a na Ortodɔks Asɔre no ne Sovietfo wɔ ho no, Life nsɛmma nhoma a ɛbaa September 14, 1959 mu no kae sɛ: “Stalin maa ɔsom no hokwan ahorow bi, na asɔre no nso buu no sɛ ɔhempɔn. Aban no tew bagua titiriw a ɛhwɛ ma biakoyɛ kɔ so wɔ ɛne Ortodɔks asɔre no ntam, na wɔakɔ so de asɔre no adi dwuma sɛ kuw a ɛboa Soviet man no.”
Matthew Spinka, a ɔhwɛ Russia asɔre nsɛm so no kaa abusuabɔ kɛse a ɛda Asɔre no ne Ɔman no ntam ho asɛm wɔ ne nhoma The Church in Soviet Russia a ɔkyerɛw wɔ 1956 mu no mu. Ɔkyerɛwee sɛ: “Ɔsɔfopɔn Alexei a ɔwɔ hɔ seesei no hyɛɛ da yɛɛ nhyehyɛe bi a ebetumi ama Asɔre no de mmoa ama aban no.” Nokwarem no, Ortodɔks Asɔre no nso nam Ɔman no a ɛboaa no no so tumi dii nkonim. Nanso, ebia wubebisa sɛ, ‘So mfomso bi wɔ eyi mu?’ Ɛnde, susuw sɛnea Onyankopɔn ne Kristo bu asɛm no ho.
Yesu Kristo ka kyerɛɛ ne nokware asuafo no sɛ: ‘Monyɛ wiase no fa, nanso mapaw mo afi wiase.’ Na Onyankopɔn Asɛm bisa pefee sɛ: “Awaresɛefo, munnim sɛ wiase adamfofa ne ɔtan a wɔtan Onyankopɔn?” (Yohane 15:19; Yakobo 4:4) Enti, sɛnea Bible kyerɛ no, asɔre no yɛɛ ne ho nyamesom mu aguaman na “wiase ahene ne no abɔ aguaman.” Akyerɛ sɛ ɛyɛ nea Bible frɛ no “Babilon kɛse no, asase so nguaman ne akyide nã” no fã.—Adiyisɛm 17:1-6.
Sɛnea Adansefo no Dii Nkonim
Nea ɛne eyi bɔ abira no, Yesu Kristo kyerɛɛ nea wɔde behu ne nokware akyidifo bere a ɔkaa eyi no: ‘Sɛ mododɔ mo ho a, nnipa nyinaa behu sɛ moyɛ m’asuafo.’ (Yohane 13:35) Ɔdɔ a ɛte saa ne ade titiriw a ɛmaa Adansefo no dii nkonim wɔ kan Soviet Union no, sɛnea asɛm a edi so a ɛwɔ The Sword and the Shield mu kyerɛ no. “Na Yehowafo no yɛ nea wobetumi nyinaa de boa wɔn mfɛfo asɔrefo a wɔwɔ adwumayɛban mu anaa wɔn a wɔatwa wɔn asu no, ma wɔn sika, aduan ne ntade.”
Nea na ɛka “aduan” a wɔde ma wɔ adwumayɛban mu ho ne honhom fam de—Bible ne Bible ho nhoma ahorow. ‘Onyankopɔn asɛm’ na ɛwɔ Bible mu na ɛno na Yesu kae sɛ yehia na ama yɛatra ase. (Mateo 4:4) Na wɔn a wowia wɔn ho de nhoma ahorow kɔ adwumayɛban mu hɔ no de wɔn ho to asiane kɛse mu, efisɛ na wɔtwe obiara a wɔkyere no no aso kɛse.
Wɔde Helene Celmina, a ofi Latvia no kɔɔ Potma adwumayɛban a ɛwɔ Russia no mu fi 1962 kosi 1966 mu. Ɔkyerɛkyerɛ mu wɔ Women in Soviet Prisons nhoma a ɔkyerɛwee no mu sɛ: “Wɔde Yehowa Adansefo pii koguu afiase mfe du ma wɔyɛɛ adwumaden esiane sɛ wohuu Ɔwɛn-Aban kakraa bi wɔ wɔn afie mu nti. Esiane sɛ na wɔkyere nkurɔfo a nsɛmma nhoma yi bi wɔ wɔn ho no nti, ɛde dadwen ne ɔhaw bɛtoo mpanyimfo a wɔhwɛ adwumayɛban hɔ no so.”
Nokwarem no, sɛ obi de ne ho bɛto asiane mu na ama waboa afoforo honhom fam no yɛ Kristofo dɔ ho adanse ankasa! Ɛwom sɛ eyi yɛ ade biako a ɛmaa Adansefo no dii nkonim de, nanso, biribi foforo a ɛho hia paa nso wɔ hɔ. Helene Celmina kae sɛ: “Obiara ntumi nhu ɔkwan a na wɔfa so tumi de nhoma a wɔabara ba beae a wɔde nnade agye ho na wontumi ne afoforo nni nkitaho kɛse no.” Na ɛyɛ den ankasa sɛ wɔbɛyɛ saa esiane sɛ na wɔhwehwɛ obiara a ɔba hɔ no ho yiye ansa na wɔama no kwan nti. Nhoma kyerɛwfo yi kae sɛ: “Na ɛte sɛ nea abɔfo na wotu anadwo de kogu hɔ.”
Nokwarem no, Onyankopɔn hyɛɛ bɔ sɛ ɔrennyaw ne nkurɔfo anaasɛ ɔrempa wɔn. Enti, Yehowa Adansefo a na wɔwɔ kan Soviet Union no ka no pen sɛnea Bible dwontofo no kae no: “Hwɛ, Onyankopɔn ne me boafo.” (Dwom 54:4; Yosua 1:5) Nokwarem no, ne mmoa nti na Adansefo a na wɔwɔ kan Soviet Union no tumi dii nkonim!
Nea Ɛyɛe a Nsakrae Bae
Wɔ March 27, 1991 no, wogyee Yehowa Adansefo toom wɔ mmara kwan so sɛ ahyehyɛde wɔ Soviet Union na wɔde wɔn nsa hyɛɛ krataa a na ɛka nea edi so yi no ase sɛ: “Nyamesom Ahyehyɛde no atirimpɔw ne sɛ ɛbɛka Yehowa Nyankopɔn din ne nhyehyɛe a ofi ɔdɔ mu ayɛ ama adesamma denam ne soro Ahenni a Yesu Kristo di so no ho asɛm akyerɛ afoforo.”
Nea na ɛka akwan a wɔbɛfa so ayɛ ɔsom adwuma no ho a wɔdaa no adi wɔ krataa no mu ne sɛ wɔbɛka asɛm no wɔ baguam, akɔsra nkurɔfo wɔ wɔn afie, akyerɛkyerɛ Bible mu nokware mu akyerɛ wɔn a wobetie, na wɔne nkurɔfo ayɛ ofie Bible adesua a wontua hwee denam nhoma ahorow a wɔde sua Bible so, na wɔakyekyɛ Bible no.
Bɛyɛ mfe du a atwam ni a wɔde wɔn nsa hyɛɛ krataa no ase no, Soviet Union no agu, na nyamesom tebea asesa koraa wɔ adehyeman 15 a na ɛka bom yɛ kan Soviet no mu. Dɛn na yebetumi aka afa nyamesom a ɛwɔ hɔ ne nea ɛwɔ wiase nyinaa no daakye ho?
[Adaka wɔ kratafa 19]
Asɔre no ne Sovietfo Ntam Biakoyɛ
Edmund Stevens kae wɔ ne nhoma Russia Is No Riddle a ɔkyerɛw no 1945 mu no mu sɛ: “Asɔre no yɛɛ ahwɛyiye kɛse sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a ɛrenyɛ biribiara ntia wɔn a wɔafi ase reboa wɔn no. Wohui nso sɛ esiane sɛ Ɔman no de hokwan bi adom wɔn nti, na wɔhwɛ kwan sɛ Asɔre no bɛtaa n’akyi denneennen ayɛ nea ɔman no bɛka.”
Stevens kɔɔ so kyerɛkyerɛɛ mu sɛ: “Na wɔakɔ so abu Ortodɔks asɔre no sɛ Ɔman Asɔre mfe mpempem pii ma enti anyɛ den koraa sɛ afei ɛne Soviet Aban no bɛsan ayɛ biako.”
Keston Nsɛm Amanneɛbɔ Kuw no yɛɛ nhwehwɛmu a ɛkɔ akyiri a na ɛfa biakoyɛ a ɛda Sovietfo ne Alexis II, ɛnnɛyi Sovietfo sɔfo panyin wɔ Russia Ortodɔks Asɔre mu no ntam ho. Nhwehwɛmu no de baa awiei sɛ: “Biako a Aleksi ne Ɔman no ayɛ no nyɛ asɛmnwonwa biara—ɛkame ayɛ sɛ na asɔre ahorow a wɔama ho kwan nyinaa no asɔfo—Katolekfo, Baptistfo, Adventistfo, Nkramofo ne Buddhafo—yɛ KGB adwumayɛfo. Nokwarem no, afe afe amanneɛbɔ a ɛfa Aleksi dwumadi ho no san ka adwumayɛfo pii ho asɛm, a wɔn mu binom wɔ Lutheran Asɔre a ɛwɔ Estonia no mu.”
[Adaka/Mfonini wɔ kratafa 20]
Sɛnea Wɔboaa Wɔn a Wɔde Wɔn Koguu Nneduaban Mu No
Viktors Kalnins, a ɔyɛ sɛnkyerɛwfo wɔ Latvia no, dii ne mfe du a ɔde kɔdaa afiase (1962 kosi 1972) no mu fã kɛse no ara wɔ Mordovian nneduaban a na ɛwɔ Moscow anafo fam atɔe kilomita bɛyɛ 400 no mu. Nyan! kyerɛwfo bi bisaa Kalnins wɔ March 1979 mu sɛ: “So Adansefo a wɔwɔ afiase no nim nea ɛrekɔ so wɔ United States anaa aman afoforo mu fa Yehowa Adansefo ho?”
Kalnins buae sɛ: “Wonim, wɔnam nhoma ahorow a wɔn nsa ka no so na ehu. . . . Wɔde wɔn nsɛmma nhoma no bi mpo kyerɛɛ me. Ná minnim baabi a nhoma no hyɛ; na na wonya foforo bere ne bere mu. Nanso na obiara nim sɛ nhoma ahorow no wɔ nsraban no mu. . . . Na Yehowa Adansefo no bɔ mmɔden de nhoma no sie bere nyinaa na na awɛmfo no nso rebɔ mmɔden sɛ wobehu faako a egu!”
Bere a obisaa asɛm, “So Yehowa Adansefo no bɔɔ mmɔden sɛ wɔbɛka wɔn gyidi ho asɛm akyerɛ wo?” no, Kalnins buae sɛ: “O yiw! Obiara nim wɔn. Yɛn nyinaa nim Harmagedon ho asɛm. . . Wɔkaa yare a ebefi hɔ ho nsɛm pii.”
[Mfonini]
Adansefo a wɔwɔ Mordovian nneduaban mu no de akokoduru kaa Bible mu nokware no ho asɛm kyerɛe
[Mfonini wɔ kratafa 16, 17]
Wɔde Vovchuk abusua no kɔɔ Irkutsk, Siberia, wɔ 1951 mu na wɔakɔ so asom sɛ nokware Kristofo de abesi nnɛ
[Mfonini wɔ kratafa 18]
Esiane sɛ asɔre no taa Soviet aban no akyi wɔ Wiase Ko II mu nti, Stalin maa ɔsom ahorow no traa hɔ nyaa nkɔso wɔ bere tiaa mu
[Asɛm Fibea]
U.S. Army photo
[Mfonini wɔ kratafa 18]
Ɔsɔfopɔn Alexis I (1945 kosi 1970) kae sɛ: ‘Soviet nhyehyɛe ne Kristofo nkyerɛkyerɛ a Asɔre no de ma no hyia’
[Asɛm Fibea]
Central State Archive regarding the film/photo/phono documents of Saint-Petersburg