Te Fuʼu ʼAkau ʼe “Tagi” Mo Tona ʼu “Loʼimata” ʼe Lahi Tona ʼAoga
ʼE ʼui e Selemia 51:8, ‘toʼo he lolo faitoʼo ki te mamahi.’ ʼE tou ʼolo anai ki te motu ʼo Chios, ʼi te tai ʼo Égée moʼo kumi te ʼu haʼuʼaga ʼo te meʼa fakafimālie ʼaia ʼaē ʼe hage he faitoʼo.
ʼI TE kamata ʼo te temi vela, ʼe teuteu te kau gāue kele ʼi te motu ʼo Chios ki te faʼahiga taʼukai makehe. ʼI tanatou ʼosi hiko te kele, ʼe nātou fakatokatoka fakalafalafa ʼaki te lahe, te tāfito ʼo te ʼu kiʼi fuʼu ʼakau ʼe fuluʼi hega tuʼumaʼu tona ʼu lau, ʼe fakahigoaʼi ko te ʼu fuʼu ʼakau ʼo te mastic. Pea ʼosi ʼaia pea hifihifi e te kau gāue ʼaia te ʼu tafitoʼi ʼakau, ʼaē ʼe hage ai ʼe “tagi” te ʼu fuʼu ʼakau. Pea kamata hali te toʼi ʼaē ʼe hage he ʼu “loʼimata” hina. Hili te ʼu vāhaʼa e lua peʼe tolu, kua kamata fefeka te ʼu toʼi ʼakau ʼaia pea ʼe tae e te kau gāue, peʼe nātou toʼo mai te tafitoʼi ʼakau peʼe mai lalo ʼi te faʼahi ʼaē neʼe nātou fakatokatoka. Ko te ʼu “loʼimata” ʼaia, ʼaē ʼe fakahigoaʼi ko te puluʼi kamu, ʼe fakaʼaogaʼi ki te fai ʼo te lolo faitoʼo.
Kae ʼi muʼa ʼo te tae ʼaia, ʼe maʼua ke ʼi ai he faʼa kātaki pea mo he gāue kinakina. Ko te ʼu fuʼu ʼakau pikopiko ʼaia ʼe lanu nefunefu ʼe homo māmālie. ʼE hili taʼu e 40 peʼe 50 pea hoki matuʼa te fuʼu ʼakau—ko tona māʼoluga ko meta e 2 peʼe meta 3.
ʼI tuʼa atu ʼo te hifihifi ʼo te ʼu tafitoʼi ʼakau pea mo te tae ʼo te ʼu “loʼimata,” ʼe ʼi ai te tahi gāue moʼo fai ʼo te ʼu puluʼi kamu. ʼI te ʼosi tae ʼo te ʼu “loʼimata” ʼo te mastic ʼaia, ʼe nātou fakaoʼo, pea nātou fō, pea nātou vaevae ʼo fakafuafua ki tona laulahi pea mo tona lelei. Ki muli age, ʼe toe fakamaʼa te mastic pea ʼe hoki feala leva ke tuku ki tona ʼu fakaʼaoga kehekehe.
Te Hisitolia ʼo Te Fuʼu ʼAkau Maʼuhiga
Ko te kupuʼi palalau “mastic” ʼaē ʼe haʼu mai te kupu Keleka ʼe faka ʼuhiga ki te “makiki nifo.” Lagi ʼi te ʼu temi ʼāfea neʼe faka ʼuhiga feiā te kupu ʼaia, koteʼuhi ko te ʼu puluʼi mastic neʼe fakaʼaoga ohage he puluʼi kamu moʼo faka magoni te gutu.
Ko te fakamatala ʼāfea ʼaupito ʼo ʼuhiga mo te mastic ʼe maʼu mai ia Hérodote, ko he tagata fai hisitolia ʼo te nima sēkulō ʼi muʼa ʼo totatou temi. Ko ʼihi tagata faitohi pea mo te ʼu tagata popoto—ʼe kau ai ia Apollodore, mo Dioscoride, mo Théophraste, pea mo Hippocrate—neʼe nātou palalau ki te fakaʼaogaʼi ʼo te mastic ohage he faitoʼo. Logope ko te ʼu fuʼu ʼakau ʼaē maʼu mai ai te mastic ʼe homo ʼi te ʼu kauvai fuli ʼo te tai Metitelanea, kae lagi talu mai te taʼu 50 ʼo totatou temi, ʼe ko te motu pe ʼo Chios ʼaē ʼe ina faʼu te mastic. Pea neʼe ʼohofiʼi ia Chios e te kau Loma, mo te kau Génois pea mo te kau Ottomans, ʼuhi ko te potu tāfito ʼaia.
Te ʼu Faʼahiga ʼAoga ʼo Te Mastic
Neʼe fakaʼaogaʼi e te kau tōketā ʼāfea Esipito ia te mastic moʼo fakafimālie te ʼu faʼahiga mamahi, ohage ko te liligi pea mo te ʼola. Neʼe nātou toe fakaʼaogaʼi pe foki ohage he iseso pea mo fakatologa te sino ʼo te hahaʼi ʼaē kua mamate. Neʼe lagi fakaʼaogaʼi te fuʼu ʼakau ʼo te mastic moʼo faʼu te ‘lolo faitoʼo ʼo Kalaate,’ ʼaē ʼe palalau kiai te Tohi-Tapu ʼuhi ko tona ʼu fealagia moʼo faitoʼo, pea mo tona fakaʼaogaʼi ki te ʼu lolo pani pea mo te ʼu meʼa fakamagoni. (Selemia 8:22; 46:11) Neʼe toe lau pe foki ko te fuʼu ʼakau ʼaē ʼe maʼu mai ai te stacté, ko he faʼahiga lolo ʼe fakaʼaogaʼi ki te teuteuʼi ʼo te iseso magoni taputapu ʼaē neʼe fakaʼaogaʼi pe ki te ʼu naunau faka lotu, ʼe lagi kau ki te faʼahiga ʼakau ʼo te mastic.—Ekesote 30:34, 35.
ʼI te temi nei, kua maʼu te mastic ʼi te vanisi moʼo puipui te ʼu papa fai pena, mo te ʼu faʼahiga meʼa ʼe ʼaoga kiai, pea mo te ʼu meʼa fai mahōlō. ʼE fakaʼaogaʼi ohage ko he isolant pea mo he meʼa moʼo puipui mai te vai, pea ʼe toe fakaʼaogaʼi ki te natu ʼo te ʼu lanu ʼaē ʼe pena ʼaki te ʼu mutuʼi meʼa pea mo te ʼu pena ʼa te hahaʼi fai pena. ʼE toe fakaʼaogaʼi te mastic ki te ʼu meʼa fakapipiki meʼa pea mo te fakamalū ʼo te ʼu kiliʼi manu. ʼUhi ko tona magoni pea mo te tahi ʼu fealagia ʼe maʼu e te mastic, ʼe toe fakaʼaogaʼi moʼo fai te ʼu foʼi topa, mo te ʼu meʼa faka magoni sino, pea mo te ʼu moʼi lolo faka magoni.
ʼE maʼu te mastic ʼi te ʼu lisi e 25 ʼo te ʼu faitoʼo ʼaē ʼe fakaʼaogaʼi ʼi te malamanei katoa. ʼE kei lahi tona fakaʼaogaʼi ʼi te ʼu faifaitoʼo ʼi te ʼu fenua Alape. ʼE toe maʼu te mastic ʼi te ʼu meʼa ʼaē moʼo mono nifo pea mo te ʼu meʼa ʼaē ʼe ʼaofi ʼaki ʼihi ʼakau folo.
Ko te ʼu “loʼimata” ʼo te fuʼu ʼakau ʼaē ʼe “tagi,” ʼaē ʼe toʼo mai ai te lolo faitoʼo, neʼe fakaʼaogaʼi moʼo fakafimālieʼi pea mo fakamālōlō lolotoga te ʼu sēkulō. Koia neʼe tonu ai te ʼui ʼa te lea faka polofeta ʼa Selemia: ‘Toʼo he lolo faitoʼo ki te mamahi.’
[Paki ʼo te pasina 31]
Chios
Ko te tae ʼo te mastic
ʼE tānaki fakalelei te ʼu “loʼimata” ʼo te mastic
[Haʼuʼaga ʼo te paki]
Chios and harvest line art: Courtesy of Korais Library; all others: Kostas Stamoulis