Te Kau Site Ko Te Hahaʼi Fakalilo ʼo Te Temi Muʼa
ʼE TAU mai te ʼu hahaʼi feʼoloʼaki, ʼe nātou lele mo te ʼu hōsi ʼi te efu, pea ʼe fafaʼo ʼi tanatou ʼu kato te ʼu koloā neʼe nātou kaihaʼa. Mai te taʼu 700 ki te taʼu 300 ʼi muʼa ʼo totatou temi, ko te hahaʼi ʼaia neʼe nātou puleʼi te ʼu mafa ʼo Eurasie. ʼE mole kei tou logo kia nātou, kae ʼe kei talanoa kiai te hisitolia. ʼE talanoa mo te Tohi-Tapu kia nātou. Neʼe ko te kau Site.
Lolotoga te ʼu sēkulō, neʼe feʼoloʼaki te hahaʼi ʼaia ʼi te ʼu faga hōsi vao ʼi te ʼu mafa ʼaē ʼe haʼu mai te ʼu Carpates ʼo te potu esite ʼo te Eulopa ʼaē kua higoaʼi nei ko Lusia ʼo te potu saute-esite. ʼI te valu sēkulō ʼi muʼa ʼo totatou temi, neʼe fakatuʼu te foʼi tau Siaina e te Tuʼi ko Hsüan, moʼo ʼave he ʼu hahaʼi Site ki te potu uesite. ʼI te ʼolo ʼa te kau Site ki te potu uesite, neʼe nātou tauʼi pea mo maumauʼi te kau Cimmériens, ʼaē neʼe nātou puleʼi te Caucase (ia ʼaho nei ko te fenua ko Ukraine) pea mo te potu noleto ʼo te Tai Uli.
ʼI tanatou fia maʼu meʼa, neʼe nātou toʼo te ʼu koloā fuli ʼo te kolo hau ʼo Asilia ko Ninive. Ki muli age, neʼe nātou fakatahi ki Asilia moʼo tauʼi ia Metia, mo Papiloni, pea mo te tahi ʼu puleʼaga. Neʼe aʼu tanatou ʼu laga tau ʼaia ki te potu noleto ʼo Esipito. Neʼe lagi ʼi ai he temi neʼe nofoʼi ai e te kau Site te kolo ko Beth-Shân ʼi te potu-esite ʼo Iselaele, heʼe ki muli age neʼe fakahigoaʼi ko Scythopolis.—1 Samuele 31:11, 12.
Pea neʼe nonofo te kau Site ʼi te ʼu mafa ʼo Roumanie ʼo te temi nei, mo Moldavie, mo Ukraine, pea mo te potu saute ʼo Lusia. Neʼe nātou mahu ai ʼi te faʼahi faka koloā heʼe ko nātou ʼaē neʼe nātou faka felogoi te kau Keleka pea mo te hahaʼi fakatau pulapula ʼo Ukraine pea mo Lusia ʼo te potu saute. Neʼe nātou fetogi te pulapula, te meli, te kiliʼi manu pea mo te ʼu pipi, ʼaki te vino ʼa te kau Keleka, mo tanatou ʼu kie, mo tanatou ʼu mahafu tau pea mo tanatou ʼu mātaga. Koia ʼaē neʼe lahi ai tanatou ʼu koloā.
ʼE Nātou Faiva ʼi Te Heka Hōsi
Ki te hahaʼi tau ʼaia ʼo te ʼu mafa, neʼe hage kia nātou te hōsi ko te kamelo ʼaē ʼe fakaʼaogaʼi e te hahaʼi ʼi te toafa. Neʼe popoto lelei te kau Site ʼi te heka hōsi pea neʼe nātou kau ʼi te hahaʼi ʼaē neʼe nātou kamata fakaʼaogaʼi te meʼa heka hōsi pea mo te ʼu ukamea ʼaē ʼe hili kiai ʼonatou vaʼe mokā nātou heka ʼosi. Neʼe nātou kai te kanoʼi hōsi pea mo nātou ʼinu te huʼa pipi ʼo te hōsi fafine. ʼI te agamāhani neʼe nātou fakaʼaogaʼi te ʼu hōsi moʼo fai he ʼu mōlaga, koteʼuhi ka mate he tagata tau Site, neʼe matehi tana hōsi pea neʼe fai te ʼavaifo fakaʼaliʼaliki, ʼo kau kiai mo te ʼu meʼa teuteu ʼo te hōsi pea mo tona ʼu pulupulu matalelei.
Ohage ko tona fakahā e te tagata fai hisitolia ko Hérodote, neʼe fakamataku te ʼu agaʼi fenua ʼa te kau Site, he neʼe nātou fakaʼaogaʼi ohage ko he ʼu ipu te ʼu ʼulupoko ʼo te hahaʼi ʼaē neʼe nātou matematehi. Mokā nātou tauʼi tonatou ʼu fili, ʼe nātou matehi nātou ʼaki te ʼu heletā, mo te ʼu toki, mo te ʼu tao, pea mo te ʼu kauʼi nahau māsila moʼo haeʼi tonatou ʼu kili.
Neʼe Teuteuʼi Te ʼu Fale Maka Ke Tuʼu ʼo Heʼegata
Neʼe gaohi meʼa faka temonio te kau Site pea mo fai fakalauʼakau, pea neʼe nātou atolasio ki te afi, pea mo nātou tauhi ki te ʼatua fafine. (Teutalonome 18:10-12) Neʼe nātou faka ʼuhiga te fale maka ohage ko he ʼapi maʼa te kau mate. Neʼe sakilifisioʼi te hahaʼi kaugana pea mo te ʼu manu ke hoko atu tanatou gāue ki tonatou pule ʼaē kua mate. Pea neʼe tanu fakatahi te ʼu pule mo tanatou ʼu koloā pea mo tanatou hahaʼi faifekau ke nātou kaugā ʼolo ki te faʼahi ʼaē neʼe nātou ʼui ko te “mālama foʼou.” Neʼe maʼu ʼi te tahi fale maka hau te ʼu kaugana e toko nima ʼe nātou takokoto ʼo haga ʼonatou ʼu vae ki tonatou pule, ohage pe kua nātou ʼamanaki tutuʼu ake moʼo fai tanatou gāue.
Neʼe tanu te ʼu pule mo te ʼu mōlaga matalelei ʼaupito, pea ʼi te temi putu, neʼe fakahali te toto ʼo te kau Site pea mo nātou kosi tonatou ʼu lauʼulu. Neʼe tohi fēnei e Hérodote: “Neʼe nātou tuʼusi he potu ʼo tonatou taliga, neʼe nātou tele tonatou ʼu ʼulu, neʼe nātou hifi tonatou ʼu nima, neʼe nātou valu tonatou ʼu laʼe pea mo tonatou ʼu ihu ke toto, pea neʼe nātou puhi tonatou ʼu nima hema ʼaki te kauʼi nahau.” Neʼe mole ʼalutahi te ʼu aga ʼaia mo te Lao ʼaenī ʼa te ʼAtua ki te kau Iselaele ʼo te temi ʼaia: “ ʼE mole tonu ke koutou hifi tokotou kakano maʼa he nefesi mate.”—Levitike 19:28.
Neʼe ʼi ai te ʼu lauʼi afe kourganes (te ʼu tānuma) ʼo te kau Site. Neʼe lahi ʼaupito te ʼu meʼa fakateuteu neʼe maʼu ʼi te ʼu tānuma ʼaia, ʼe nātou fakatātā te maʼuli ʼo te kau Site ʼi te ʼaho fuli. Neʼe kamata tānaki e te Tsar Lusia ko Pierre le Grand te ʼu faʼahiga koloā ʼaia ʼi te 1715, pea ko te ʼu koloā matalelei ʼaia ʼe tou lava sio kiai ʼi Lusia pea mo Ukraine ʼi te ʼu fale ʼe tuku ai te ʼu mātaga ʼāfea. Ko te “paki ʼo te ʼu manu” ʼaia ʼe ko te ʼu hōsi, te ʼu akuila, te ʼu faucons, te ʼu pusi, te ʼu panthères, te ʼu élans, te ʼu tia, te ʼu griffons, te ʼu manu lele ʼe koga lua, pea mo te ʼu laione ʼe koga lua (ko te ʼu manu ʼo te ʼu fagana ʼe ʼi ai ʼonatou ʼu kapakau peʼe mole ʼi ai honatou ʼu kapakau pea mo te ʼu ʼulu kehe).
Te Kau Site Pea Mo Te Tohi-Tapu
ʼE talanoa tuʼa tahi te Tohi-Tapu ki te kau Site. Ia Kolose 3:11, ʼe tou lau fēnei: “ ʼE mole ʼi ai he Keleka peʼe ko he Sutea, peʼe ko he silikosisio peʼe ko he heʼe silikosisio, he matāpule, he Site, he tagata popūla, he tagata ʼāteaina, kae ko Kilisito kua liliu ko meʼa fuli maʼa te ʼu meʼa fuli.” ʼI te temi ʼaē neʼe tohi ai e te ʼapositolo ko Paulo te ʼu palalau ʼaia, ko te kupu faka Keleka ʼaē neʼe fakaliliu ʼaki te kupu “Site” ʼe mole faka ʼuhiga ia ki he puleʼaga kae ki te ʼu hahaʼi neʼe agamālohi. Neʼe fakahā lelei e Paulo ko te mālohi ʼo te laumālie maʼoniʼoni ʼa Sehova, peʼe ko tana mālohi gāue, tatau aipe mo te ʼu hahaʼi ʼaia ʼe nātou lava kofuʼi te ʼulugaaga fakaʼatua.—Kolose 3:9, 10.
ʼE ʼui e ʼihi kau alekeolosia ko te higoa ko Asekenasi ʼaē ʼe tuʼu ia Selemia 51:27 ʼe ko te higoa faka Asilia ʼaē ko Ashgouzaï, ko te kupu neʼe fakaʼaogaʼi ki te kau Site. Neʼe tohi ʼi te ʼu lauʼi papa neʼe fai e te hahaʼi ʼaia pea mo te hahaʼi Mannaï te fuakava moʼo fakafeagai ki Asilia ʼi te fitu sēkulō ʼi muʼa ʼo totatou temi. ʼI muʼa ʼo te kamata fakakikite ʼa Selemia, neʼe ʼōmai te kau Site mai Esipito ʼo fakalaka ʼi te fenua ʼo Suta, pea neʼe mole nātou laga tau ki te kolo ʼaia. Koia, ʼi te logo ʼa te tokolahi ki te lea faka polofeta ʼa Selemia ʼo ʼuhiga mo te ʼohofiʼi ʼo Suta mai te potu noleto, lagi neʼe mole nātou tui ʼe hoko moʼoni anai tana fakakikite.—Selemia 1:13-15.
ʼI te manatu ʼa ʼihi hahaʼi fai Tohi-Tapu, ʼe talanoa ia Selemia 50:42, ʼo ʼuhiga mo te kau Site, heʼe tou lau fēnei: “ ʼE nātou toʼo te kalolo mo te tao. ʼE nātou fekai pea ʼe mole nātou manavaʼofa anai. ʼE hage tanatou logoaʼa ko te tai ʼaē ʼe tokakovi, pea ʼe nātou heheka anai ʼi te ʼu hōsi; ʼo faka ʼatu ohage ko he tagata e tahi ʼe tau mai kia te koe, Ê ʼofafine ʼo Papiloni.” Kae ʼe faka ʼuhiga tāfito te vaega ʼaia ki te kau Metia pea mo te kau Pelesia, ʼaē neʼe nātou mālo ia Papiloni ʼi te 539 ʼi muʼa ʼo totatou temi.
Ko te “fenua ʼo Makoke” ʼaē ʼe talanoa kiai ia Esekiele ʼi te kapite 38 ki te 39, ʼe faka ʼuhiga ki te ʼu telepi ʼo te kau Site. Kae ʼe ʼi ai te faka ʼuhiga fakatātā ʼo te “fenua ʼo Makoke.” ʼE faka ʼuhiga tāfito ki te ʼu potu ʼo te kele ʼaē neʼe lī ifo kiai Satana ʼi te ʼosi ʼo te tau ʼi te lagi.—Apokalipesi 12:7-17.
Neʼe toe ʼui ko te kau Site ʼe nātou kau ʼi te fakahoko ʼo te lea faka polofeta ʼa Naume ʼo ʼuhiga mo Ninive. (Naume 1:1, 14) Neʼe toʼo e te kau Kalitia, te kau Site, mo te kau Metia te ʼu koloā fuli ʼo Ninive ʼi te 632 ʼi muʼa ʼo totatou temi, ʼo hoko ai mo te tō ʼo te Puleʼaga ʼo Asilia.
Ko Te Higa Fakapunamaʼuli
He koʼe kua puli te kau Site? ʼE ʼui fēnei e te tagata fai alekeolosia Ukraine: “ ʼI tona fakahagatonu, ʼe mole mātou ʼiloʼi pe koteā ʼaē neʼe hoko.” ʼE ʼui e ʼihi tagata fai hisitolia, ʼi te lahi fau ʼo tanatou fia maʼu meʼa neʼe nātou higa ʼi te ʼuluaki pea mo te lua sēkulō ʼi muʼa ʼo totatou temi ʼi te tahi kūtuga feʼoloʼaki mai Asia—ko te kau Sarmates.
ʼI te manatu ʼa ʼihi tagata fai hisitolia, kua pulinoa te kau Site, ʼuhi pe ko te fetauʼaki ʼo tonatou ʼu telepi. Ko ʼihi ʼe nātou ʼui, ʼe lagi tou lava maʼu he kiʼi toega hahaʼi ʼo te kau Site ʼi te kau Ossètes ʼo Caucase. Kae neʼe ʼiloa te hahaʼi ʼaia ʼi te hisitolia ʼo te malamanei—ko he tahi ʼe higoaʼi ko te Site ʼe faka ʼuhiga ko he tahi ʼe fekai.
[Mape ʼo te pasina 24]
◻ Te Kolo ʼĀfea
• Te Kolo Foʼou
Danube
SCYTHIE ← TANATOU FEʼOLOʼAKI
• Kiev
Dniepr
Dniestr
Mer Noire
OSSÉTIE
Les monts du Caucase
Mer Caspienne
ASSYRIE ← TANATOU ʼU TAU
• Ninive
Tigre
MÈDES ← TANATOU ʼU TAU
MÉSOPOTAMIE
BABYLONIE ← TANATOU ʼU TAU
◻ Babylone
Euphrate
LʼEMPIRE PERSE
◻ Suse
Golfe Persique
PALESTINE
• Beth-Shân (Scythopolis)
ÉGYPTE ← TANATOU ʼU TAU
Nil
Mer Méditérranée
GRÈCE
[Paki ʼo te pasina 25]
Neʼe ko te hahaʼi tau te kau Site
[Haʼuʼaga ʼo te paki]
The State Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg
[Paki ʼo te pasina 26]
Neʼe fakatau e te kau Site tonatou ʼu koloā moʼo totogi ʼaki te ʼu mātaga ʼa te kau Keleka pea neʼe nātou liliu ʼo koloaʼia ʼaupito
[Haʼuʼaga ʼo te paki]
Courtesy of the Ukraine Historic Treasures Museum, Kiev