Luluphi Olona Lwelo Luxabisekileyo?

“Igazi kwimpilo yomntu lifana neoli kwiinqwelo-mafutha.”—UArthur Caplan, umalathisi kwiziko lamachiza kwiYunivesithi yasePennsylvania.

NGABA ioli lolona lwelo luxabisekileyo? Mvanje, xa abantu bebona ukuntinga kwexabiso layo, basenokucinga ngaloo ndlela. Eneneni, mntu ngamnye uthwele iilitha zolwelo olubaluleke nangakumbi. Khawucinge ngoku: Njengokuba kutsalwa imiphanda yeoli engamawaka ezigidi nyaka ngamnye ngaphantsi komhlaba ukuze kwenziwe ipetroli nezinye izinto, kutsalwa izixa zegazi ezinokuba zizigidi ezingama-90 kubantu abahlukeneyo ngelinge lokunceda abo bagulayo.a Elo gazi lilingana negazi labantu abanokuba zizi-8 000 000.

Nakuba kunjalo, njengeoli, kubonakala ngathi igazi alifumaneki ngokwaneleyo. Oogqirha ehlabathini lonke bakhala ngokungabikho kwegazi elaneleyo. (Bona ibhokisi enomxholo othi “Imeko Imandundu.”) Yintoni eyenza ukuba igazi lixabiseke kangaka?

Ilungu Elikhethekileyo

Ngenxa yendlela elintsonkothe ngayo, kudla ngokubhekiswa kwigazi ngokuthi lilungu lomzimba. UGqr. Bruce Lenes, uye wathi kubabhali bakaVukani!: “Igazi lelinye kumalungu amaninzi omzimba—likhethekile kwaye liyamangalisa.” Limangalisa ngokwenene! Enye incwadi ichaza igazi “njengokuphela kwelungu lomzimba elilulwelo.” Kwale ncwadi inye, ichaza igazi “njengenkqubo yothutho ephilayo.” Kuthetha ukuthini oko?

Isazinzulu uN. Leigh Anderson uthi: “Inkqubo yokuhamba kwegazi ifana nemijelo yaseVenice. Ithwala zonke izinto eziyimfuneko,” yaye walek’ umsundulu ngokuthi, “likwathutha nokungcola okuninzi.” Njengoko igazi lihamba iikhilomitha ezingama-100 000 kwinkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi, lidlula phantse kuwo wonke umzimba, oko kuquka intliziyo, izintso, isibindi nemiphunga—amalungu omzimba asebenzisa igazi naxhomekeke kulo.

Igazi lizisa “izinto eziyimfuneko” kwiiseli zomzimba wakho njengeoksijini, izondlo zomzimba nezinto zokuwukhusela, kodwa lithwala “nokungcola,” njengekharbon diokside, iiseli ezonakeleyo nezifayo nezinye izinto ezingafunekiyo. Indima yegazi ekucoceni umzimba isinceda siqonde isizathu sokuba kusenokuba yingozi ukuchukumisa igazi emva kokuba liphumile emzimbeni. Akukho mntu unokuqiniseka ukuba konke “ukungcola” okusegazini kuyaziwa kwaye kususiwe ngaphambi kokutofela omnye umntu.

Asiyithandabuzi into yokuba igazi lenza izinto ezibalulekileyo ukuze umntu aphile. Sesi sizathu esenza oogqirha batofele igazi xa umntu ophe kakhulu. Oogqirha abaninzi balilisela ngelithi le ndlela yokunyanga yiyo eyenza igazi lixabiseke kangaka. Noko ke, izinto ziye zatshintsha kwiindlela zokunyanga ezisetyenziswayo. Ngandlel’ ithile, kukho iinguqu eziphawulekayo ezenzekayo. Koogqirha abaninzi bamayeza nabotyando ukutofela igazi akuseyonto iphambili njengokuba kwakunjalo ekuqaleni. Kutheni?

[Umbhalo osemazantsi]

[Ibhokisi/Umfanekiso okwiphepha 4]

Imeko Imandundu

Iingcali zamayeza ziqikelela ukuba kufuneka kunikelwe izixa zegazi ezizizigidi ezingama-200 ezingakumbi ehlabathini lonke nyaka ngamnye. Abantu abanokuba ngama-82 ekhulwini bahlala kumazwe asakhasayo, kodwa lingaphantsi kwama-40 ekhulwini igazi elifumaneka kwezi ndawo. Izibhedlele ezininzi kula mazwe ziqhubeka zisebenza ngaphandle kwegazi. Kwiphephandaba laseKenya, iThe Nation, kuthiwa ‘suku ngalunye malunga nesiqingatha seemeko ezifuna igazi ziyarhoxiswa okanye zibekelwe amangomso ngenxa yokungabikho kwegazi elaneleyo.’

Ukunqaba kwegazi elinikelwayo kuxhaphakile nakumazwe afumileyo ngokwezoqoqosho. Njengokuba abantu bephila ixesha elidana kunangaphambili yaye ubugcisa bezonyango buhambele phambili, bandile abantu abenziwa uqhaqho. Ukongezelela, baya ngokwanda abantu abanikela ngegazi lize lingamkelwa ngenxa yokuphila ubomi obusesichengeni okanye ngenxa yokutyelela iindawo ezinokubachanaba kwizifo nakwiintsholongwane.

Nabo bagcina igazi ingathi batshelwe zizicheku. Ulutsha oluphila ubomi obungekho mngciphekweni kangako lulo olufunwayo kuba igazi lwalo likhuselekile. Ngokomzekelo, eZimbabwe, abantwana abahamba isikolo banikela ngegazi elingama-70 ekhulwini kwelo lizwe. Abaqokeleli begazi bavula amaziko abo iiyure ezongezelelekileyo, kwamanye amazwe abantu bayahlawulwa ukuze banikele ngegazi. KwiRiphabliki yaseCzech kugaywa abantu ngeebhiya ukuze bathobe unxano, baze bona banikele ngegazi! Komnye ummandla waseIndiya, iziphathi-mandla zalapho zenze iphulo lokungena indlu nendlu zikhangela abanokunikela ngegazi ukuze bahlangule lo phanda womileyo.