“Iimbambano Ezingokomthetho Kunyango Lokutofel’ Igazi”
“ESONA sifo sakutshanje, nekunokwenzeka ukuba sesona siyingozi, kule nkulungwane yamashumi amabini, yiAIDS.” UGqr. L. A. Laskey (oyiNzululwazi Enkulu yoMbutho weGenentech) wayichaza ngaloo ndlela ingxaki eyakhokelela kwinkomfa eyayingoSeptemba 19-20, 1985, eWashington, D.C., eUnited States.
Kunokwenzeka ukuba uyazi ukuba iAIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) ibinxityelelanlswa neemveliso zegazi nokutofelwa igazi. Ucwangciso olushicilelweyo lukuchaza oku ngale ndlela:
“Kwinkumbulo yethu akukho nanye inkxalabo engokwempilo eye yabangela ingxubusho noloyiko oluninzi kangaka phakathi kwabantu ngokuqhelekileyo. Abantu abaneAIDS banokuphindaphindeka kunyaka ozayo, yaye amaMerika amaninzi asisigidi [nabanye abangakumbi abangenakubaleka kwamanye amazwe] banokuchaphazeleka. Ngoko ke, imbopheleleko enamandla engokwasemthethweni eza neAIDS, inkulu.”
Oogqirha abathile abangama-200, amagqwetha nabantu abasebenza kwindawo yokugcina Igazi bahlanganisana kwinkomfa ‘Engeembambano Ezingokomthetho Kunyango Lokutofel’ Igazi.’ Imisebenzi yabo yayinxityelelaniswe nokutofelwa kwegazi. Kodwa nabathile kumaNgqina kaYehova baya kuyo. Makhe sabelane nani ngokufutshane ngoko kwathethwa zizithethi.
Inkxalabo eyintloko ekwakuthethwa ngayo yaylyingozi yokunwenisa iAIDS ngegazi neengozi ezingokwasemthethweni kwabo bakumzi-mveliso walo abaqokelela, nabaxilonga okanye abathengisa igazi. Le nkxalabo yokugqibela yacaca kwakwintetho yokuqala, ‘engokulungelelaniswa, uqoqosho nomthetho wenkqubo wendawo yokugcina igazi.’ UGqr. P. J. Schmidt wathi umthetho onjalo ususela kowe-1 600. Ugqirha ongumFrentshi uDenis “wasilela ukwenza unyango olwamkelekileyo kwimbali yokutofel’ igazi,” ngokufaka “igazi lemvana kumfana oselula, owafayo.” Ngaba loo mthetho usafuneka? USchmidt wavuma oku: “Ndicinga ukuba zininzi izinto ezingazlwayo. Sekunjalo, kwaisenzo sokutofel’ igazi silucelomngeni olukhulu Iwemihia ngemihla. Kweli lizwe amaxesha aslsigidi ngenyanga kukho uhlolisiso olungokwenzululwazi ekugonyweni, ekuthlnteIweni kwezifo, ngokufuthi ngaphandle kokhokelo olungokwasemthethweni.”
Kamva, uGqr. Paul Ness (wesiBhedlele iJohns Hopkins) wathetha ngombandela othi “Okunokwenzeka Ngokuphosakeleyo Ekutofelweni Kwegazi.” Waba noluvo lokuba “kwisiqingatha nje seyure kunzima ukuthetha ngokunokwenzeka ngokuphosakeleyo ekutofelweni kwegazi.” Enyanisweni, wazimisela ukubonisa umfanekiso onebhotile yegazi obhalwe ngaphandle ngokuthi “Isilumkiso, okulandelayo kunokuba kokuphosakeleyo ngotofelo-gazi,” edwelisa “izinto ezimalunga nama-50 ezahlukahlukeneyo . . . [Kodwa] ndiyazi ukuba uludwe lwazo alunakuphelela nangayiphi na indlela.”
UGqr. Johanna Pindyck (Ongomkhulu Kucwangciso Lwegazi LwaseNew York) wathi ‘inon-A non-B hepatitis sesona sifo sidluliselwa ngotofelo-gazi esiyingxaki nesicinezelayo esijongene naso kwimicimbi yotofelo-gazi.’ Olu hlobo lwehepatitis “lucingelwa ukuba ubuncinane lubangelwa ziintsholongwane ezimbini, kodwa uhlobo lwazo oluchanileyo alukaziwa. Bekusenziwa ufundisiso ngazo kangangeminyaka emininzi—eli-10 ukusa kweli-15—kodwa asikhange siwufumane unobangela waso.” Ngokubhekisele ekuhlolweni okubhetele okufumanekayo kokuxilonga le hepatitis egazini, wagqabaza wathi: “Ndingathi, kunokwenzeka ukuba li-10 ekhulwini lesixa segazi elihlolwayo ngoku, okanye lingaphantsi kancinane kunoko.”
Xa babexubusha ngeAIDS, uGqr. Pindyck nabanye bavakalisa imbono enik’ ithemba yokuba ukuhlolwa kwegazi okukhoyo ngoku kuvumela iIndawo ezigcina igazi ukuba ziphelise “ukutofelwa kwemveliso yegazi njengengumthombo odlulisela iAIDS.” Ngaba zinokwenjenjalo? Kamva uGqr. Laskey wathi ukuhlolwa okukhoyo ‘kuziindleko ezinkulu, kuyingozi ukuba kuveliswe, yaye akuchananga ngokupheleleyo.’ Kuthekani ngendlela entsha esandul’ ukuveliswa avakalelwa kukuba isemgangathweni? Wachaza ngohlolisiso olungokwenzululwazi kwizigulana ezineAIDS okanye ezineSifo Esinxulumene neAIDS. Kwiqela lazo, uhlolisiso lwasilela ukutyhila ukubonakala kweAIDS. Wathi ‘Akukho nalunye uhlolisiso [olwalunokuxilonga]’ iAIDS.
Ngaloo ndlela unokusiqonda isizathu sokuba abantu abaninzi bezigcinela igazi labo okanye besamkela kuphela igazi elivela kumhlobo okanye isalamane. Kodwa uGqr. Joseph Bove (wesiBhedlele iYale-New Haven) wakuchasa oku, eme ngelithi kwakuya kuba ziindleko yaye kwakuya kukhokelela ekunqongophaleni kwalo. Wongezelela wathi: “Omnye woonobangela abaziintloko wokufa okunxulumene nokutofelwa kwegazi yimpazamo ekulitofeleni—ukufaka igazi elingelilo kumntu ongenguye. Ndilusizi ukuthi . . . ngowe-1985, ngabo bonke ubugcisa esinabo, iikhompyutha nayo yonke enye into, asinako ukufumana umlinganiselo ochanileyo wegazi kwisigulane esichanileyo. Kodwa inyaniso yalo mbandela ikukuba, asisoloko sikwenza oko, yaye leyo yindlela esibabulala ngayo abantu.”
Ngenxa yoko, ababeze kwinkomfa bathetha okuninzi gqitha ngeembambano ezingokomthetho. Indawo yokugcina igazi inokuzikhusela njani ekufakweni kwalo phosakeleyo? Ngoku ekubeni kukho ukuhlolwa kwalo, ukuba ukuhlolwa kwegazi lomntu onikela ngalo kubonisa ukuba lineAIDS, ngaba indawo egcina igazi ifanele ibazise abo bafakwa igazi lakhe kwiminyaka embalwa edluleyo? UGqr. Schmidt (ongumalathisi wendawo yokugcina igazi) wathi: “Okwangoku ndinxamnye nokwazisa. Senza nje esimele sikwenze, yaye akukho okunye okungaphezu koko.” Ngaba kufanele kufunyanwe imiyalelo engokwasemthethweni yokunyanzelisa igazi kwabo bangalamkeliyo, abanjengamaNgqina kaYehova angalamkeliyo ngenxa yezizathu ezingokonqulo?
Enyanisweni, kwintetho kaGqr. William Dornette ethi: “Abantu Abangakhathaliyo Nabanembopheleleko Ngenxa Yoko,” amaNgqina kaYehova akhankanywa. Wachaza ukuba isiseko samaNgqina sokwala igazi “sesi sahluko esikwiGenesis. Yaye sitsho ngokungqalileyo ukuba ‘Ndininikile oko konke. Yinyama yodwa enomphefumlo wayo, enegazi layo, eningasayi kuyidla.’” Isengqiqweni kangakanani loo meko, yaye liliphi ilungelo elingokwasemthethweni analo amaNgqina lokwala igazi?
UDornette, ongugqirha wamayeza nowomthetho, wacebisa wathi: “Kangangeminyaka emininzi, amalungu enkonzo yamaNgqina kaYehova ebegqalwa njengeqela labantu abangabambi kakuhle entloko abangayaziyo into abayenzayo, ngenxa yokuba ‘mna gqirha ovunyiweyo—ndazi yonke into.’ Okokuqala, simele siqonde ukuba, angabantu abanzulu elunqulweni. Okwesibini, angamaMerika angabemi . . . Okwesithathu, anelungelo lokuqhelisela unqulo, yaye anomdia ekubeni sempilweni . . . Ayakholelwa kwinyameko engokwamayeza. Yaye ndicinga ukuba sifanele siwahloniphe amalungelo awo njengabantu ngabanye okuqhelisela unqulo ngokukhululekileyo.” Wongezelela wathi: “Ukusilela ukufumana imvume kukunyanzela ngokungekho mthethweni. Ukusilela ukufumana imvume ebhaliweyo yokutofela igazi kukunyanzela ngokungekho mthethweni. . . . Ukuba ufumana imvume yokwala kwesigulane, ukhululekile wena ekuchanabekeni ekubeni nembopheleleko kwinkundla yomthetho.”
Esinye isithethi, igqwetha uSusan Lentz, wakugxininisa oku, esithi: “Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba imvume ebhaliweyo inentsingiselo ngokwenene kuphela ukuba uyaqonda ukuba ayiquki nje kuphela ilungelo lokunikela imvume kodwa kwanelungelo lokubambelela kwimvume leyo.” Wongezelela wathi “kanye kulo nyaka kubekho izigqibo [zenkundla] ezithathu okanye ezine eziqinisekisa amalungelo ezigulane ezingamaNgqina kaYehova okwala ukutofelwa Igazi.” Waqukumbela wathi: “Njengokuba ebenikuva kusuku olunesiqingatha oludluleyo ngokubhekisele kwiAIDS neengxaki ezihlobene nayo zisiba yingxaki ngakumbi, ubuncinane kwiingqondo zabantu abaninzi, iingxaki ezihlobene nokwala zikwanokwanda.”
(Inkcazelo eyongezelelekileyo nesebenzisekayo engeAIDS iya kuba kuVukani! kaMeyi 8, 1986.)
[Ibhokisi ekwiphepha 26]
Ngaba iziguiane zinokuthembela ekubeni indawo egcina igazi inako ukuxilonga igazi elineAIDS? UGqr. Myron Essex, ongusihialo wesebe lebiology yomhlaza kwiSikolo seMpilo kaWonke Wonke iHarvard, kutshanje wathi: “Kuyinto engenakwenzeka kakhulu ukuba ukuhlolwa kubhaqe abantu abangaphezu kwama-90 ekhulwini, yaye xa ndiqashela ngama-75 ukusa kuma-80 ekhulwini. Ndinokothuka kakhulu ukuba banokuba ngaphezu koko.”—The New York Times, Oktobha 4, 1985.
[Ibhokisi ekwiphepha 27]
“Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okutsha, okwavunywa ngoAprili odluleyo kwaza kwasetyenziswa zizo zonke iindawo zokugcina igazi, kuxilonga kuphela intsholongwane yeAIDS, eyiHTLV-III. Ngelishwa, okungakuxilongiyo ngabantu abanentsholongwane yeAIDS eyosulelayo nabangekavelisi nto kumzimba wabo esisibulala ntsholongwane esilwa nentsholongwane yeAIDS . . . Ngoko ke, inani elincinane kodwa elibalulekileyo labantu abasondele kwisigidi abanentsholongwane yeAIDS abayi kuba nako ukubonakalisa izinto ezikhusela umzimba kwintsholongwane ekuhlolweni okukhoyo okuqhelekileyo kwiindawo zokugcina igazi.”—Sanford F. Kuvin, M.D., Jerusalem, Novemba 17, 1985.