Ngaba Ubusazi?
Ngaba simele siyikholelwe into yokuba ngexesha lamandulo umntu wayehlwayela ukhula kwintsimi yomnye umntu?
Le kopi yango-1468 yeDigest yoMlawuli uJustinian yenye yeengxelo ezineenkcukacha ngemiba yezomthetho yexesha lakudala
KWINCWADI kaMateyu 13:24-26 uYesu wathi: “Ubukumkani bamazulu bufaniswa nomntu owahlwayela imbewu entle entsimini yakhe. Kwathike xa baleleyo abantu, kwafika utshaba lwakhe lwahlwayela ukhula phakathi kwengqolowa, lwemka. Lithe ke lakuhluma ikhaba laza lavelisa isiqhamo, lwandula ke ukubonakala nokhula.” Ababhali abathile bayayithandabuza into yokuba lo mzekeliso wawuthetha ngento eyayisenzeka nyhani. Kodwa imibhalo yamandulo engomthetho wamaRoma ibonisa ukuba le nto yayisenzeka.
Esiny’ isichazi-magama seBhayibhile sithi: “Ngokomthetho wamaRoma, yayikukwaphula-umthetho ukuhlwayela ukhula kwintsimi yomnye umntu kuba usithi ubuyisa izitya. Into yokuba kubekho loo mthetho ibonisa ukuba oku kwakuyinto eqhele ukwenzeka.” Umphengululi wezomthetho uAlastair Kerr ucacisa athi, ngo-533 C.E., uMlawuli ongumRoma uJustinian wapapasha iDigest, eyayisithi gqaba-gqaba ngomthetho wamaRoma kwaye icaphula nabantu ababesazi umthetho ngexesha lakudala (malunga no-100 ukuya ku-250 C.E.) Ngokutsho kwale Digest yakhe, isazi ngomthetho, u-Ulpian wathetha ngetyala elachotshelwa nguCelsus, umlawuli ongumRoma wenkulungwane yesibini. Kwakuhlwayelwe ukhula kwintsimi yomnye umntu lwaza lonakalisa oko kwakulinyiwe. Le Digest ithetha ngembuyekezo eyayinokufunyanwa ngumnini okanye ngumntu oqeshe ifama, kuloo mntu ubangele ukuba alahlekelwe.
Into yokuba le ntlondi yayisenzeka kwimimandla eyayiphethwe ngamaRoma ngexesha lamandulo ibonisa ukuba uYesu wayezekelisa ngento eyayisenzeka ngokwenene.
AmaRoma azinika inkululeko engakanani iinkokeli zamaYuda ngenkulungwane yokuqala?
NGELI XESHA kwaYuda kwakulawula amaRoma awayemelwa yirhuluneli enomkhosi. Eyona nto yayiyenza kukuqokelela irhafu iyithumele eRoma nokugcina uxolo nocwangco. AmaRoma ayengafuni nokuzibona izenzo ezingekho mthethweni ibe ayebohlwaya abo babangela uqhushululu. Kodwa eminye imibandela ephathalele ukulawulwa kwephondo ayeyiyekela kwiinkokeli zasekuhlaleni.
Kuxoxwa ityala kwiSanhedrin yamaYuda
ISanhedrin yayiyinkundla ephakamileyo yamaYuda kwaye yayisongamela imicimbi enokuthanani nomthetho wamaYuda. Zazikho nezinye iinkundla ezingaphantsi kunayo kulo lonke elakwaYuda. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba amatyala amaninzi asekuhlaleni nawolwaphulo-mthetho ayexoxwa kwezi nkundla ibe abalawuli bamaRoma babengazikhathazi ngawo. Kodwa ke ezi nkundla zazingakwazi ukukhupha isigwebo sokufa, kuba yayingamaRoma kuphela awayenokwenza loo nto. Isihlandlo esaziwayo ekungazange kwenzeke oko kuso, kuxa amalungu eSanhedrin achophela ityala likaStefano aza ayalela ukuba axulutywe ngamatye de afe.—IZe. 6:8-15; 7:54-60.
Ngoko, iSanhedrin yayinegunya lokulawula elikhulu. Umphengululi, uEmil Schürer uthi: “Eyona nto yayiyenza yeke-yeke inkululeko yayo kukuba amaRoma ayenokulichophela ityala ade aligwebe nanini na ethanda. Ayekwenza oko xa ecinga ukuba kuvukelwa urhulumente.” Oko kwakha kwenzeka xa inkumanda yomkhosi uClaudius Lysias yavalela umpostile uPawulos, owayengummi waseRoma.—IZe. 23:26-30.