Ekintu eky’Omuwendo Ekyazuulibwa

EKIWANDIIKO ekyo kyazuulibwa mu Ddesemba 1922, kakensa ow’omu Georgia ayitibwa Ivané Javakhishvili bwe yali anoonyereza ku ngeri walifu y’Olujoogiya gye yatandikibwawo. Bwe yali anoonyereza, yafuna ekitabo ky’amateeka g’Abayudaaya. Bwe yakyekkenneenya, yakizuula nti baasooka kukiwandiikamu ebigambo by’Olujoogiya naye bwe baabisangula, ennukuta tezasangukira ddala.a

Ebigambo by’Olujoogiya ebyasangibwa mu kitabo ky’amateeka g’Abayudaaya, byali byavvuunulwa okuva mu kitabo kya Bayibuli ekya Yeremiya mu kyasa eky’okutaano embala eno. Ng’ekiwandiiko ekyo tekinazuulibwa, ekiwandiiko kya Bayibuli y’Olujoogiya ekyali kitwalibwa okuba nga kye kisingayo obukadde kyali kya mu kyasa eky’omwenda embala eno. Oluvannyuma, ebitundu by’ebitabo ebirala ebya Bayibuli ebyawandiikibwa mu kyasa eky’okutaano oba emabegako byazuulibwa. Kuba akafaananyi ng’ozudde ebiwandiiko bya Bayibuli ebyawandiikibwa nga waakayita emyaka mitono oluvannyuma lw’okufa kwa Yesu n’abatume!

Ani yabivvuunula? Yali muntu omu oba baali bangi? Tewali n’omu amanyi. Naye k’abe ani eyavvuunula ebiwandiiko ebyo, obukakafu obuliwo bulaga nti Bayibuli yonna oba ebimu ku bitabo byayo byavvuunulwa mu Lujoogiya mu kyasa eky’okuna, era ng’okuva mu kiseera ekyo abantu ab’omu Georgia babadde basobola okusoma Ekigambo kya Katonda mu lulimi lwabwe.

Ebiri mu kitabo ekiyitibwa The Martyrdom of St. Shushanik the Queen, ekyawandiikibwa ku nkomerero y’ekyasa eky’okutaano biraga nti abantu b’omu Georgia baali bamanyi bulungi ebyawandiikibwa. Bwe yali awandiika ku ebyo ebyatuuka ku nnaabakyala eyali ayitibwa Shushanik, omuwandiisi w’ekitabo ekyo yajuliza ebimu ku ebyo ebiri mu Zabbuli, ebitabo by’Enjiri, n’ebitabo ebirala ebiri mu Bayibuli. Ate era agamba nti, olw’okuba bba wa nnaabakyala oyo eyali ayitibwa Varsken era nga ye yali gavana w’Obwakabaka bwa Kartli obw’omu Georgia yali ayagala okusanyusa abafuzi ba Buperusi, yava mu “Bukristaayo” nadda mu ddiini y’Abaperusi eyitibwa Zoroastrianism. Yalagira mukyala we naye akyuse enzikiriza ye, naye mukyala we n’agaana, era bwe yali anaatera okuttibwa yasomanga Ebyawandiikibwa era ekyo kyamubudaabuda nnyo.

Okuva mu kyasa eky’okutaano, abantu abatali bamu beeyongera okuvvuunula n’okukoppolola Bayibuli y’Olujoogiya. Ebiwandiiko ebingi ebya Bayibuli ey’Olujoogiya ebyazuulibwa biraga nti abavvuunuzi n’abakoppolozi baakola omulimu gwa maanyi nnyo. Ka twetegereze engeri gye bavvuunulangamu Bayibuli n’engeri gye baagikubamu mu kyapa.

BAYIBULI NNYINGI ZIVVUUNULWA

Munnaddiini omu ow’omu Georgia ayitibwa Giorgi Mtatsmindeli ow’omu kyasa 11 yawandiika nti: “Nze Giorgi, munnaddiini omwetoowaze nfubye okuvvuunula ekitabo kya Zabbuli n’obwegendereza okuva mu Luyonaani olupya okukizza mu Lujoogiya.” Lwaki kyali kyetaagisa okuvvuunula Bayibuli ate nga Bayibuli y’Olujoogiya yaliwo?

Ekyasa ekya 11 we kyatuukira, ebiwandiiko bitono nnyo ebya Bayibuli y’Olujoogiya ebyali bikyaliwo. Ebitabo ebimu byali byabula. Ate era, olulimi lwali lwakyukamuko ne kiba nti abantu baali tebasobola kutegeera bulungi ebiwandiiko ebikadde ebyaliwo mu kiseera ekyo. Wadde nga abavvuunuzi abawerako baafuba okuzzaawo Bayibuli y’Olujoogiya, Giorgi ye yasinga okukola omulimu ogw’amaanyi. Yageraageranyanga ebiwandiiko by’Olujoogiya ebikadde n’ebiwandiiko by’Oluyonaani n’alyoka avvuunula ebiwandiiko n’ebitabo ebimu ebyali byabula. Emisana, yakolanga emirimu gye ng’omukulu w’ekigo ky’Abamonko, ate ekiro ng’avvuunula Bayibuli.

Ephrem Mtsire, eyaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu ne Giorgi yeeyongera okuvvuunula era yawandiika n’ekitabo ekyalimu emisingi egikwata ku kuvvuunula. Ogumu ku gyo gulaga nti abavvuunuzi basaanidde okwekenneenya olulimi ebyo bye baba bavvuunula mwe byasooka okuwandiikibwa n’okufuba okulaba nti bwe baba bavvuunula baggyayo amakulu gennyini. Ate era yatandikawo enkola ey’okuteeka mu bitabo by’Olujoogiya obugambo obwa wansi obunnyonnyola amakulu g’ebigambo n’emiwaatwa omuba ebijuliziddwa. Ephrem yaddamu okuvvuunula ebitabo bya Bayibuli ebiwerako. Ebyo Giorgi ne Ephrem bye baakola byayamba nnyo abavvuunuzi abalala.

Mu kyasa ekyaddako, ebitabo bingi byavvuunulwa. Amatendekero gaatandikibwawo mu kabuga Gelati ne Ikalto. Abakugu abasinga obungi bagamba nti Bayibuli eyitibwa Gelati Bible, kati eri mu tterekero eriyitibwa Georgian National Centre of Manuscripts, yavvuunulwa omu ku bavvuunuzi ab’omu ttendekero ery’omu Gelati oba ery’omu Ikalto.

Abantu b’omu Georgia baaganyulwa batya mu kuba ne Bayibuli evvuunuddwa mu lulimi lwabwe? Mu kyasa ekya 12, omuwandiisi w’ebitontome ow’omu Georgia ayitibwa Shota Rustaveli yawandiika ekitabo ekiyitibwa Vepkhis-tqaosani, era nga ebyakirimu byakwata nnyo ku bantu ne batuuka n’okukiyita Bayibuli ey’okubiri ey’Olujoogiya. Omukugu ow’omu Georgia ayitibwa K. Kekelidze anoonyereza ebikwata ku Bayibuli agamba nti ka kibe nti ebyo bye yawandiika yabiggya butereevu mu Bayibuli oba nedda, “ebimu ku byo bifaanagana n’ebyo ebiri mu Bayibuli.” Wadde ng’ebitontome bye birimu okusavuwaza, bikwata ku bintu gamba ng’engeri y’okufunamu emikwano egya nnamaddala, okuba omugabi, okuwa abakazi ekitiibwa, n’okufaayo ku bantu abalala. Emitindo gy’empisa egyo n’emirala mingi egiri mu Bayibuli giyambye nnyo abantu b’omu Georgia okumalira ddala ebyasa bingi era bakyagitwala nga gya mugaso.

AB’OLULYO OLULANGIRA BAKUBA BAYIBULI MU KYAPA

Ku nkomerero y’ekyasa ekya 17, ab’olulyo olulangira baali baagala nnyo Bayibuli ekubibwe mu kyapa. N’olwekyo, Kabaka Vakhtang VI yassaawo ekkolero erikuba ebitabo mu kibuga ekikulu Tbilisi. Kyokka, mu kiseera ekyo baali tebasobola kukuba Bayibuli mu kyapa olw’okuba ebiwandiiko bya Bayibuli ebimu byali byabula ate nga n’olulimi lwakyukamuko. Bwe kityo, Sulkhan-Saba Orbeliani, omukugu mu by’ennimi yaweebwa omulimu gw’okuddamu okwekenneenya n’okuvvuunula ebitabo bya Bayibuli ebyali byabula.

Orbeliani yatandika okukola omulimu guno n’obwegendereza. Olw’okuba yali amanyi ennimi eziwerako, nga mw’otwalidde Oluyonaani n’Olulattini, yanoonyereza mu biwandiiko bya Bayibuli ebirala ng’oggyeko ebyo ebiri mu Lujoogiya. Wadde ng’omulimu guno yali agukola mu bwesimbu, tekyasanyusa Basodokisi. Abakulembeze baabwe baagamba nti okwo kwali kubalyamu lukwe era baasendasenda kabaka n’ayimiriza omulimu guno ogw’okuzzaawo Bayibuli. Ekitabo ekiyitibwa “The First Printery in Georgia,” kiraga nti abakulembeze b’eddiini baawaliriza Orbeliani okwokya Bayibuli gye yali amaze emyaka mingi ng’avvuunula!

Ekitabo ekiyitibwa Mtskheta era ekimanyiddwa nga Saba’s Bible, kirimu ebigambo Orbeliani kennyini bye yawandiika. Kyokka, abamu babuusabuusa obanga eno ye Bayibuli abakulembeze b’eddiini gye baali balwanyisa. Ebyongerezeddwako mu kitabo ekyo bye byokka bye batwala okuba nti ye yabiwandiika.

Wadde nga wajjawo ebizibu ebitali bimu, ob’olulyo olulangira baali bakyalina ekiruubirirwa eky’okukuba Bayibuli mu kyapa. Wakati w’omwaka 1705 ne 1711, ebitabo bya Bayibuli ebimu byakubibwa mu kyapa. Omulangira Bakari n’omulangira Vakhushti baafuba nnyo okulaba nti Bayibuli yonna ekubibwa mu kyapa era nga kino kyaliwo mu mwaka gwa 1743. Kyaddaaki, abantu baddamu okufuna Bayibuli mu lulimi lwabwe.