Buena-nkristo bua kumpala ne Mbulamatadi

MÊBA makese kumpala kua lufu luende, Yezu wakambila bayidi bende ne: ‘Kanuena bena mu bulongolodi ebu, kadi ndi munusungule mu bena mu bulongolodi ebu, bua bualu ebu, bena mu bulongolodi ebu badi banukina.’ (Yone 15:19, NW) Kadi, ebi bidi biumvuija ne: bena nkristo badi ne bua kuleja mmuenenu wa buluishi kudi bakokeshi bena bulongolodi ebu anyi?

Ki mbena mu bulongolodi ebu kadi ki mbaluishi

Mupostolo Paulo wakambila bena nkristo bavua basombele mu Roma ne: “Anyima yonso akokele bakokeshi badi ku mutu.” (Lomo 13:1, NW) Bia muomumue, mupostolo Petelo wakafunda ne: ‘Nukokele ku bukokeshi buonso bua bantu bualu bua Mukalenge; nansha kudi mukalenge udi ku mutu; nansha kudi ba-nguvernere bu batumibue kudiye bua kudisombuela kudi benji ba malu mabi, ne bua kutumbisha benji ba malu mimpe.’ (1 Petelo 2:13, 14) Dikokela Mbulamatadi ne baleji-mpala bende bateka bilondeshile mikenji ndimueneke patoke se: divua dîyi-diludiki dianyisha munkatshi mua bena nkristo ba kumpala. Bavua benza madikolela bua kuikala ba-muena-muabu balondi ba mikenji ne kuikala ne nsombelu wa ditalala ne bantu bonso.​—Lomo 12:18.

Muinshi mua tshiena-bualu tshia “Ekleziya ne Mbulamatadi,” tshibungu tshia The Encyclopedia of Religion tshidi tshiamba ne: “Mu siekele isatu ya kumpala mu Tshidimu tshia Mukalenge wetu ekleziya wa bena nkristo uvua mutambe kuditola kule ne bena mu mbulamatadi wa bena Roma . . . Nansha nanku, balombodi bena nkristo . . . bavua balongesha ditumikila mikenji ya bena Roma ne bulamatshi kudi amperere, nansha muvuaku mikalu miteka kudi ditabuja dia Buena-nkristo.”

Dinemeka, ki nditendelela

Bena nkristo kabavua baluishi ba amperere wa bena Roma. Bavua banemeka bukokeshi buende ne bamuambika bunême buvua bukumbanyine muanzu wende. Mu bukokeshi bua Amperere Néron, mupostolo Petelo wakafundila bena nkristo bavua basombele mu bitupa kabukabu bia Ampire wa bena Roma ne: “Nunemeke bantu ba mishindu yonso, . . . nunemeke mukalenge.” (1 Petelo 2:17, NW) Muaku “mukalenge” bavua batumika nawu kudi bantu bavua bakula tshiena-Greke ki ng’anu bua bakalenge ba pa muaba awu kadi kabidi bua amperere wa bena Roma. Mupostolo Paulo wakabela bena nkristo bavua basombele mu tshimamuende wa bukalenge tshia Ampire wa bena Roma ne: “Nupingajile muntu yonso tshidi tshimuakanyine: . . . nuleje kanemu kudi bantu ba kunemeka.” (Bena Roma 13:7, MMM) Amperere wa bena Roma uvua utamba kulomba kanemu bushuwa. Pashishe, wakafika too ne ku dilomba dimutendelela. Kadi, apa nunku, bena nkristo ba kumpala bakatekela tshivuabu mua kuenza mikalu.

Mu dilumbulula diende kumpala kua nguvernere wa bena Roma mu siekele muibidi B.B., bilondeshile mutubu bamba, Polycarpe wakamba ne: “Ndi muena nkristo. . . . Mbatulongeshe bua kupa bunême buonso buakanyine . . . kudi bamfumu ne bakokeshi badi batekibue ku dianyisha dia Nzambi.” Kadi, Polycarpe wakasungula bua kufua pamutu pa kutendelela amperere. Mubingishi wa ditabuja wa mu siekele muibidi Théophile wa ku Antiokia wakafunda ne: “Nennemeke amperere, ki mpa kumutendelela, kadi pa kusambila bualu buende. Kadi Nzambi, wa muoyo ne mulelela ke Nzambi undi ntendelela.”

Masambila makanyine bua amperere kaavua bushuwa masuikakaja ku ntendelelu wa amperere anyi ku dinanga dinekesha dia ditunga. Mupostolo Paulo wakumvuija tshipatshila tshiawu: ‘Nunku kumpala kua malu onso, ndi nkusengelela bua milombu ne mitendelelu ne mitendekenu ne masakidila bikale bienzele bantu bonso. Ulombele bamfumu bonso ne badi ne bukokeshi, bua tuetu tuikale ne muoyo mupola polaa ne mutalala talalaa [ne budiambiki kudi Nzambi, NW] ne bunême buonso.’​—1 Timote 2:1, 2.

“Ne nsombelu mushilangane ne wa bantu bonso”

Ngikadilu eu wa kanemu wa bena nkristo ba kumpala kakabatuadila bulunda kudi bena mu bulongolodi muvuabu basombele. Muena malu a kale muena France A. Hamman udi ulonda ne: bena nkristo ba kumpala “bavua ne nsombelu mushilangane ne wa bantu bonso.” Bavua bushuwa ne nsombelu mushilangane ne wa nsangilu ibidi ya bantu, eu wa bena Yuda ne eu wa bena Roma, bakamangana ne ntatu mivule bua ngumvuilu mubi wa bienzedi biabu ku nseke yonso ibidi.

Tshilejilu, pakamubandabu kudi balombodi bena Yuda, mupostolo Paulo wakamba mu didilumbuluila diende kumpala kua nguvernere wa bena Roma ne: ‘Tshiakenza bualu bubi bumue, nansha bua Mikenji ya bena Yuda, nansha bua ntempelo, nansha bua Kezare. . . . Ndi ndayidila kudi Kezare!’ (Bienzedi 25:8, 11) Mudianjile kumanya ne: bena Yuda bavua bela tshifufu bua kumushipa, Paulo wakalayidila kudi Néron, pa kuanyisha nunku bukokeshi bua amperere wa bena Roma. Pashishe, mu dilumbuluishibua diende dia kumpala ku Roma, mbimueneke se: Paulo wakalekedibua. Kadi pashishe wakedibua kabidi mu buloko, ne bilondeshile mutubu bamba, wakashipibua ku dîyi dituma kudi Néron.

Pa bidi bitangila nsombelu mukole wa bena nkristo ba kumpala mu nsangilu wa bena Roma, muena sosioloji ne muena teoloji Ernst Troeltsch wakafunda ne: “Midimu ya mbulamatadi ne mikuabu yonso ivua misuikakaja mu mushindu kampanda ku ntendelelu wa mpingu ivua mibakandika, anyi eyi ivua misuikakaja ku ntendelelu wa Amperere, anyi eyi yonso ivua misuikakaja ku dipumuna mashi anyi ku difundilangana lufu, anyi eyi ivua mua kufikisha bena nkristo ku buenzavi bua bampangano.” Mmuenenu eu kavuaku ushiya muaba bua malanda a ditalala ne a dinemekangana pankatshi pa bena nkristo ne Mbulamatadi anyi?

Dipingajila Kezare “tshidi tshimuakanyine”

Yezu wakafila lungenyi lua nshindamenu luvua ne bua kuludika bienzedi bia bena nkristo kudi Mbulamatadi wa bena Roma ne, kakuyi mpata, kudi mbulamatadi mukuabu kayi yonso, pakambaye ne: “Pingajilayi Kezare bintu bia Kezare, kadi nupingajile Nzambi bintu bia Nzambi.” (Matayo 22:21, NW) Bua balondi ba Yezu mubelu eu uvua mushilangane bikole ne mmuenenu wa bena Yuda bavule banangi banekeshi ba ditunga bavua basuyibue kudi bukokeshi bua bena Roma ne batontolola ditumikila mukenji wa difuta bukokeshi buenyi kampanda bitadi.

Pashishe, Paulo wakambila bena nkristo bavua basombele mu Roma ne: ‘Nunku bunudi nabu mbua kuditeka kunyima kuabu, ki ng’anu bua tshiji atshi, kadi bua [kuondo kenu ka muoyo, NW] kabidi. Bua bualu ebu nudi nulambula kabidi; bua bobo [‘bakokeshi badi ku mutu’ ba mbulamatadi] badi bakuatshi ba mudimu ba Nzambi balamata ku muanda eu mene. Nualukijile bantu bonso [bidi bibakanyine, NW]: mulambu kudi muena mulambu, [tshitadi kudi muena tshitadi, NW].’ (Lomo 13:5-7) Nansha muvua bena nkristo kabayi bena mu bulongolodi ebu, bavua ne tshia bua kuikala ba-muena-muabu bena bululame, bafutshi ba bitadi, pa kufuta Mbulamatadi bua midimu ivuaye upetesha.​—Yone 17:16.

Kadi mêyi a Yezu adi imanyina amu pa difuta bitadi anyi? Bu muvua Yezu kayi musunguluje menemene bidi bia Kezare ne bidi bia Nzambi, kudi amue malu akena masunguluke menemene adi ne bua kuangatshibua bilondeshile nsombelu idi misuikakajaku anyi bilondeshile ngumvuilu wetu wa Bible mujima. Mu mêyi makuabu, dipangadika didi ditangila bintu bidi muena nkristo mua kufuta Kezare didi ne bua kutangila imue misangu kuondo ka muoyo ka muena nkristo, bu mudiku katokesha kudi mêyi-maludiki a mu Bible.

Ditshintshila dia lubatshi pankatshi pa malomba abidi àdì afuilakana

Bantu ba bungi badi bamba kupua muoyo bualu ebu se: mumane kuamba ne: bintu bia Kezare bidi ne bua kupingajibua kudiye, Yezu wakasakidila ne: “Kadi nupingajile Nzambi bintu bia Nzambi.” Mupostolo Petelo wakaleja tshivua ne bua kutekibua pa muaba wa kumpala bua bena nkristo. Diakamue pakamanaye kufila mubelu wa dikokela ‘mukalenge,’ anyi amperere, ne ‘ba-nguvernere’ bende, Petelo wakafunda ne: “Nuikale bu bantu badikadile, nulame misangu yonso budikadidi buenu, ki mbu tshibuikilu bua kuenza malu mabi, kadi bu bapika ba Nzambi. Nunemeke bantu ba mishindu yonso, nunange dîku dijima dia bana betu, nutshine Nzambi, nunemeke mukalenge.” (1 Petelo 2:16, 17, NW) Mupostolo eu wakaleja ne: bena nkristo mbapika ba Nzambi, ki mba muntu kampanda mukokeshi nansha. Nansha mudibu ne bua kuambika baleji-mpala ba Mbulamatadi bunême ne kanemu biakanyine, badi ne bua kuenza nunku mu ditshina dia Nzambi, muena mikenji idi ku mutu kua yonso.

Bidimu bikese kumpala Petelo ukavua mushindike butumbuke bua mikenji ya Nzambi ku mutu kua eyi ya bantu. Sanhedrin wa bena Yuda uvua kasumbu kampanda ka bulongolodi bua ditunga kavua bena Roma bapeshe bukokeshi bua malu adi atangila bantu ne malu a ntendelelu. Pakatuminaku balondi ba Yezu dîyi bua kulekelabu dilongesha mu dîna dia Kristo, Petelo ne bapostolo bakuabu bakandamuna ne kanemu konso kadi ne dishindika se: “Tudi ne bua kutumikila Nzambi, bu mfumu, pamutu pa kutumikila bantu.” (Bienzedi 5:29, NW) Mbimueneke patoke se: bena nkristo ba kumpala bavua ne bua kulama ditshintshila dia lubatshi pankatshi pa ditumikila Nzambi ne dikokela diakanyine bua makokeshi a bantu. Tertullien wakafunda mushindu eu ku ntuadijilu wa siekele muisatu B.B.: “Pikala bionso amu bia Kezare, ntshinyi tshiashala bua Nzambi?”

Dipunga ne Mbulamatadi

Pakapita tshikondo, mmuenenu uvuabu nende kudi bena nkristo ba mu siekele wa kumpala pa bidi bitangila Mbulamatadi wakateketa ku kakese ku kakese. Butontolodi budianjila kumanyisha kudi Yezu ne bapostolo buakatumpuka mu siekele muibidi ne muisatu B.B. (Matayo 13:37, 38; Bienzedi 20:29, 30; 2 Tesalonike 2:3-12; 2 Petelo 2:1-3) Buena-nkristo butontolodi buakapunga ne bulongolodi bua bena Roma, kuanyisha mafesto abu a bampangano ne nkindi yabu, ne kuitaba ki ng’anu mudimu wa mbulamatadi kadi kabidi ne mudimu wa busalayi.

Profesere Troeltsch wakafunda ne: “Kubangila mu siekele muisatu nsombelu wakatamba kukola, bualu bena nkristo bakatamba kuvula mu milongo ya banême mu Nsangilu wa bantu ne mu midimu mitambe kuenda lumu, mu tshiluilu ne mu tusumbu tua banene. Mu mifundu mivule mu mikanda ya bena nkristo [ikena ya mu Bible] mudi mêyi a ditontolola a bunyengu pa didifila mu malu aa; ku luseke lukuabu, tudi kabidi tusangana ndambu wa dipunga ne Mbulamatadi​—dielangana milandu dienza bua kutukija tuondo tua muoyo tusumpakaja . . . Kumbukila ku tshikondo tshia Constantin ntatu eyi yakajimina; dibengangana pankatshi pa bena nkristo ne bampangano diakajika, ne midimu yonso mu Mbulamatadi yakanyishibua bua bantu bonso.”

Ku ndekelu wa siekele muinayi B.B., mushindu eu munyanguke wa Buena-nkristo wa dipunga ne Mbulamatadi wakalua tshitendelelu tshia Mbulamatadi tshia Ampire wa bena Roma.

Mu malu abu a kale, Bukua-buena-nkristo​—buleja mpala kudi Ekleziya Katolike, Ortodokse, ne Mishonyi—​mbutungunuke ne kupunga ne Mbulamatadi, pa kudiina ne kasuki mu malu ende a tshididi ne pa kutua mvita yende nyama ku mikolo. Bena mu ekleziya bavule ba muoyo muimpe bàdì bakemeshibua bua bualu ebu nebikale kabiyi mpata ne disanka dia kumanya se: kudi bena nkristo lelu’eu badi balama mmuenenu wa bena nkristo ba mu siekele wa kumpala mu malanda abu ne Mbulamatadi. Biena-bualu bibidi bidi bilonda nebikonkonone bualu ebu mu buondoke.

[Tshimfuanyi mu dibeji 5]

Kezare Néron, uvua Petelo mufunde bualu buende ne: “Nunemeke mukalenge”

[Mêyi a dianyisha]

Musei Capitolini, Roma

[Tshimfuanyi mu dibeji 6]

Polycarpe wakasungula bua kufua pamutu pa kutendelela amperere

[Tshimfuanyi mu dibeji 7]

Bena nkristo ba kumpala bavua ba-muena-muabu bena ditalala, bena bululame, bafutshi ba bitadi