Nthaŵi Yotuta m’Dziko la Madzi Owundana ndi Chipale Chofeŵa
GREENLAND, chisumbu chachikulu koposa zonse pa dziko lonse, liridi dziko la madzi owundana ndi chipale chofeŵa. Mbali yaikulu ya chisumbu chimenechi chotalika chifupifupi makilomita 2,700 iri kumpoto kwa Arctic Circle ndipo imakhala pansi pa chitunda cha madzi owundana kwa nthaŵi yonse chochindikala chifupifupi makilomita asanu ndi theka. Greenland yonse imakutidwa ndi chipale chofeŵa kuchokera pa miyezi isanu mpaka isanu ndi itatu kapena kuposapo m’chaka chonse. Zikusimbidwa kuti azondi oyambirira otchedwa Viking analitcha ilo Greenland kotero kuti akope ofuna malo okhalako. Komabe, mkati mwa nyengo yaifupi ya chirimwe, malo ena a kugombe amayenereradi dzinalo.
M’nyengo ya ngululu, nyanja youndana kumpoto koma chakum’mawa kwa Greenland imasungunuka, ndipo zibenthu za madzi owundana zimawonekera. Madzi owundana ameneŵa amayamba kutsikira ku gombe la kum’mawa, kufupi ndi Cape Farewell, ndipo mbali ina mokwezeka kulinga ku gombe la kumadzulo, kupangitsa ulendo wa panyanja kukhala wovuta kwenikweni kwa miyezi. M’nthaŵi ya nyengo yachisanu, nyanja yozungulira mbali yaikulu ya chisumbucho imaundana, kulekanitsa malo okhalidwa anthu. M’chenicheni, madzi owundana amatenga mbali yaikulu ya dzikolo, nyanja, ndi njira ya moyo ya anthu. Nkovuta kulingalira chomwe chingatutidwe m’dzikoli.
Kupanga Poyambira
Anthu a gulu lotchedwa Eskimo a mwambo wa Inuit akhala ndi umoyo wosaka nyama mu Greenland kwa zaka mazana angapo. Mu 1721 minisitala wa Lutheran Hans Egede anabwera ku Greenland monga mishonale. Pambuyo pake, Mishoni ya Moravia inali yokangalika m’malo ambiri okhalamo anthu. Amishonale awo ena anatembenuza mabukhu ena a Baibulo m’chinenero cha ku Greenland, akumasungabe dzina laumwini la Mulungu, Yehova, m’kutembenuza kwawo. Koma chiyambire 1900, Tchalitchi cha Lutheran cha ku Denmark chokha ndicho chakhala chikugwira ntchito mu Greenland.
Mu 1953, pamene Greenland inkalamuliridwabe ndi Denmark, kusintha kwakukulu kwa zinthu kunachitika. Mogwirizana ndi Mpambo Wamalamulo watsopano wa ku Denmark umene unayamba kugwira ntchito chaka chimenecho, magulu a chipembedzo osakhala a Tchalitchi cha Lutheran analoledwanso mu Greenland. Chotero, mu January 1955, Mboni za Yehova ziŵiri zochokera ku Denmark zinafika monga amishonale. Gawo lawo linali la utali wa makilomita 2,000 motsatira gombe la kum’mwera koma cha kumadzulo, kumene chifupifupi anthu onse a ku Greenland anakhala—chiŵerengero cha 27,000, unyinji wa iwo osaka nyama ndi asodzi.
Kristen Lauritsen, mmodzi wa Mboni ziŵirizo, akukumbukira kuti: “Chidziŵitso chathu cha chinenero cha ku Greenland chinali chochepa kwenikweni, koma tinali ndi chikhumbo champhamvu cha kuphunzitsa anthu a ku Greenland chowonadi cha Mawu a Mulungu. Tinali ndi matrakiti ochepera m’chinenero cha ku Greenland, ndipo kabukhu ka ‘Mbiri Yabwino Imeneyi ya Ufumu’ kanafika pambuyo pake chaka choyamba chimenecho.” Kodi ndimotani mmene iwo anachitira ntchito yawo yolalikira?
“Poyambirira tinagwiritsira ntchito makadi osindikizidwa kulongosola chifuno cha kuchezera kwathu. Koma pambuyo pake tinaloŵeza mawu ena. Ulendo pakati pa matauni nthaŵi zonse unali wopita ndi bwato ndipo kwa apa ndi apo kwenikweni, popeza kuti ndandanda za nthaŵi sizinadziŵike konse pa nthaŵiyo. Matenda a panyanja anali chokumana nacho chofala. Tinalinso ndi mavuto a kupeza malo okhalako. Kaŵirikaŵiri, tinayenera kugwiritsira ntchito tenti imene nthaŵi zonse tinanyamula limodzi ndi katundu wathu.”
Koma panali zotitonthoza. Anthu a ku Greenland ali aubwenzi ndi ochereza. Nchachibadwa kwa iwo kukhulupirira Mulungu ndi kulemekeza Baibulo. Chifupifupi nyumba iriyonse iri ndi Baibulo lathunthu m’chinenero cha kwawo. Kristen akukumbukira kuti mtsikana wachichepere nthaŵi ina anabwera kwa iwo ndi kapepala kolembapo kuti: “Ngati simunapezebe malo okhalako, mungabwere ndi kukhala nafe.” Banjali linawathandizanso kupeza malo kumene anakonzekera kukawonetserako imodzi ya mafilimu a Sosaite.
Chirimbikitso Chifika
Podzafika 1961 mabanja ochokera ku Denmark anayamba kusamukira ku Greenland kukatumikira kumene chosowa cha Mboni chinali chokulira. Iwo anachita kuyesayesa kokhumbirika kuphunzira chinenero cha ku Greenland chovuta kwenikweni ndi kupirira kutalikirana ndi akhulupiriri anzawo. Iwo anachita misonkhano mokhazikika ndi kukhalabe olimba m’chikhulupiriro chawo ndi ntchito Yachikristu. Ntchito zawo ndithudi sizinali mwachabe. Chaka chimenecho mipingo iŵiri yoyambirira inakhazikitsidwa mu Greenland, umodzi m’mlikulu la Nûk (Godthåb) ndipo winawo mu Qaqortoq (Julianehåb), kum’mwera. Zinabweretsa chimwemwe chachikulu kwa Mbonizo pamene anthu ena a ku Greenland amene anasamukira ku Scandinavia anabatizidwa.
Mu ma 1970 okwatirana achichepere ambiri apainiya apadera ndipo achangu anafika, akupititsa patsogolo ntchito yochitira umboni. Podzafika 1973 Nsanja ya Olonda ndi bukhu la Coonadi Cimene Cimatsogolera ku Moyo Wamuyaya zinakhalapo m’chinenero cha ku Greenland. Pokhala okonzekeredwa motero, apainiyawo anakuta gombelo, akumachezera matauni ndi midzi, akumafesa mochuluka mbewu za chowonadi. Kwa nthaŵi yoyamba, ntchito yolalikira inali itafika ku gombe lakutali la kum’mawa kufupi ndi Ammassalik (Angmagssalik). Chinali chisangalalo chotani nanga pamene anthu a ku Greenland pomalizira analandira chowonadi mu Greenland chaka chimenecho!
Kututa Pomalizira!
Pamene zothandiza Baibulo zina zinkafalitsidwa m’chinenero cha kumaloko, mabukhu ochuluka anagaŵiridwa. Mwachitsanzo, sichinali chachilendo kwa Mboni zokwatirana zogwirira ntchito m’gawo losagaŵiridwa kwa milungu yoŵerengeka kugaŵira mabukhu kuchokera pa 300 kufika ku 400, timabukhu tambirimbiri, ndi magazine 1,000, ndi kupezanso masabusikripishoni 60 kapena 70.
Monga chotukukapo cha kufesa ndi kuthirira konseko, ‘Mulungu wakulitsa zinthu’ ponse paŵiri pakati pa anthu a ku Greenland ndi a ku Denmark okhala mu Greenland. (1 Akorinto 3:5-7) Lerolino, alengezi a Ufumu 117 akutumikira mu mipingo isanu ndi iŵiri ndi gulu limodzi la kumalo akutali, omwazikana kuzungulira dziko lonse limeneli la madzi owundana ndi chipale chofeŵa. Tiyeni tiŵadziŵe ena ogwira ntchito molimba ameneŵa.
Kuchezera Munda wa ku Greenland
Malo abwino oyambirako ndiwo mpingo wakum’mwera kwenikweni, mu Qaqortoq (Julianehåb). Mabanja asanu anabwera kuchokera ku Denmark kutumikira kumeneko. Ena a iwo achita mwamphamvu kuti aphunzire chinenero cha ku Greenaland kotero kuti angachitire umboni kwa anthu a ku Greenland omwe sakumva chinenero cha ku Denmark. Flemming, mwamuna wa banja ndi mpainiya (mlengezi wa Ufumu wa nthaŵi zonse) mu mpingo umenewu, akunena kuti: “Gawo lathu n’lalikulu. Limaphatikizapo midzi yambiri yosodzako nsomba ndi malo ambiri kumene amasunga nkhosa m’kamtunda koloŵako pang’ono m’nyanja m’mphepete mwa gombe la kum’mwera.” Akumagwiritsira ntchito mabwato awo a injini, Mbonizo zimapanga maulendo a utali wofika ku makilomita 640 kufikira anthu okhala m’malo akutali ameneŵa.
Pambuyo poyenda maola atatu ndi bwato kupyola m’kamtunda kokongola koloŵako pang’ono m’nyanja, tifika ku mpingo wotsatira, ku Narsaq. Lokhala kunoko ndilo banja limodzi la alengezi Aufumu anayi. Ngakhale ali kumalo akutali, iwo ali okhoza kulimbikitsana ndi kumangirirana mwauzimu kupyolera m’zizolowezi zabwino za kuphunzira ndi kutengamo mbali mokhazikika m’misonkhano ndi uminisitala wakumunda.
Tsopano tikwera chombo chonyamula anthu pa gombe chomwe chimabwera kunoko mlungu ndi mlungu m’miyezi ya nyengo ya m’chirimwe. Ulendo wa maola 24 umenewu umatifikitsa ku Paamiut (Frederikshåb), kumene kuli Mboni khumi. Koma pakati pa ulendowo, tipita pa mudzi wokhalapo ofalitsa aŵiri akutali. Mmodzi wa iwo, Ane Marie, ali ndi mwana wamwamuna mu Nûk yemwe anaphunzira chowonadi zaka zoŵerengeka zapitazo ndipo anayamba kuchitira umboni kwa amake pa foni ndi makalata. Mayiyo anayamikira zimene mwanayo anamuuza. Mwa kuŵerenga chirichonse chopezeka m’chinenero cha ku Greenland ndi kumvetsera ku matepi a Mboni za ku Greenland akusimba zokumana nazo zawo, Ane Marie watenga kaimidwe kake ka chowonadi. Pa msinkhu wa zaka zoposa 60 ndipo popanda chirikizo la mpingo wa kumaloko, iye anakhoza kuleka chizoloŵezi chake cha kusuta cha utali wa zaka 50, analeka kukondwerera Krisimasi ndi masiku akubadwa, ndipo anayamba kuchitira umboni ku mudzi wonsewo. Monga chotulukapo cha kuyesayesa kwake koleza mtima ndi chitsanzo chabwino, okondwerera chifupifupi khumi amakumana mokhazikika kuphunzira Baibulo ndi kumvetsera ku misonkhano yojambulidwa.
Kuchoka ku Paamiut, ulendo wa pa bwato wa maola 14 pa nyanja ya mafunde umatifikitsa ku Nûk. Mu mzinda waukulu umenewu wa anthu 13,000, muli ofalitsa 43 mu mpingowo, ndipo oposa mbali imodzi mwa zitatu a iwo ali akonko ku Greenland. Misonkhano ya mlungu ndi mlungu iri yosakaniza chinenero cha ku Denmark ndi cha ku Greenland, ndithudi chitokoso cha magulu a zinenero ziŵiriwo.
Kubwereranso pa chombo chonyamula anthu pa gombe, ulendo wa maola asanu ndi atatu utifikitsa ku Maniitsoq (Sukkertoppen). Kunoko, mabanja anayi ochokera ku Denmark amagwira ntchito limodzi ndi olengeza Ufumu oŵerengeka a kumaloko. Iwo akwaniritsa gawolo mu tauni kotheratu ndipo agawira mabukhu a Baibulo ochuluka kotero kuti mwininyumba aliyense ali ndi kope la Bukhu Langa la Nkhani za Baibulo m’chinenero cha ku Greenland. Mogwiritsira ntchito mabwato awo a injini, iwo amakonzanso maulendo anthaŵi zonse ochitira umboni ku midzi ya kutaliyo.
Tikumapitirizabe cha kumpoto, malo athu oimapo otsatira ali pa mtunda wa maola khumi, pa Sisimiut (Holsteinsborg). Mabanja asanu a ku Denmark ndi ofalitsa oŵerengeka a kumaloko akupanga mpingo kunoko. Apainiya apadera aŵiri okwatirana kuchokera kunoko amapanga maulendo a kaŵirikaŵiri kupita ku gombe la kum’mawa. Uku kumaphatikizapo ulendo wa ndege ya helikopita wa theka la ola kufika ku bwalo la ndege, ulendo wa ndege wa maola aŵiri modutsa madzi owundana apakati, ndi kamtunda kena ndi helikopita modutsa dziŵe kufika ku Ammassalik ku gombe la kum’mawa. Malo ozungulira kumeneko alidi osangalatsa—mapiri aatali ndi madzi owundana apa ndi apo oyenda akumadzaza maenje m’munsi mwake. Anthu ali otcheradi khutu ku uthenga Waufumu, komabe oŵerengeka sanatengebe kaimidwe ka chowonadi.
Pambuyo powuluka mobwerera kudutsa madzi owundanawo, tiimirira kwa nthaŵi yomalizira mu Ilulissat (Jakobshavn), mpingo wa kumpoto kwenikweni. Ilulissat ndi liwu la chinenero cha ku Greenland lotanthauza “madzi owundana,” ndipo liri dzina loyenerera. Chapafupi pali madzi oyenda owundana apa ndi apo nthaŵi zonse mu Northern Hemisphere (m’Chigawo Chakumpoto cha Dziko Lapansi), ndipo madzi owundana amayandama pamalo ponsepo ndi pa kamtunda koloŵako pang’ono m’nyanja, kupangitsa malo ozungulirawo kuchititsa chidwi. Mabanja asanu ndi limodzi ochokera ku Denmark ndi okwatirana aŵiri a ku Greenland amapanga mpingo wokangalika kwenikweniwu. Kuwonjezera ku tauni ya Ilulissat ndi malo onse a Disko Bay, iwo ali ndi lomwe liyenera kukhala gawo lochitirako umboni la kumpoto kwenikweni kwa dziko, likumafikiradi ku mudzi wa Kullorsuaq (Chala Chamanthu cha Mdyerekezi) pafupifupi ndi 75 degrees latitude kumpoto.
Apainiya apadera mu Ilulissat amachezera mokhazikika malo akutali ameneŵa, akumachitira umboni kwa anthu mu Upernavik ndi Uummannaq. Bo ndi Helen akusimba kuti: “Malo aakulu a kumpoto ameneŵa adakali paradaiso wa ku Arctic wosafikiridwabe. Malowo akukhalidwa mwa apa ndi apo, ndipo anthu amadyera m’kusaka nyama kuposa m’kusodza. Moyo wawo uli wopepuka, ndipo samada nkhaŵa mopambanitsa ponena za mtsogolo. Unyinji wawo ali okondweretsedwa m’zinthu zauzimu. Iwo amamvetsera mofunitsitsa ku uthenga umene timabweretsa.” Nthaŵi yokha ndiyo idzanena ngati onga nkhosa oterowo adzasonkhanitsidwa “m’gulu la nkhosa” limodzi lowona pansi pa “mbusa mmodzi,” Yesu Kristu.—Yohane 10:16.
Apainiya a ku Denmark okha ndiwo amene akhala akugwira ntchito chikhalire m’malo ameneŵa, koma chifupifupi anthu a ku Greenland asanu ndi atatu mu Nûk anapanga kujambula kwa pa video tape kwa umboni wachisawawa ponena za zikhulupiriro zathu ndi njira yathu ya moyo. Pamene apainiya anagwiritsira ntchito tepi imeneyi mu uminisitala wawo wa kunyumba ndi nyumba, inapangitsadi anthu kulankhula ndi kufunsa mafunso ochuluka kwenikweni, makamaka ponene za kusakondwerera kwathu Krisimasi ndi kusabatiza makanda. Chingawonjezeredwenso kuti chifupifupi mabukhu 200 anagaŵiridwa mkati mwa ulendo wonse wa milungu inayi umene wangolongosoledwawo.
Kututa Kupitirizabe
Mosasamala kanthu za zinthu zovuta ndi vuto lachinenero, kututa Zaufumu kukupitirizabe. Anthu ambiri a ku Greenland aphunzira chinenero cha ku Denmark kotero kuti apindule mu misonkhano ya mpingo. Komabe, chiŵerengero chomawonjezeka cha misonkhano ikuchitidwa m’chinenero cha ku Greenland, kutheketsa owonjezereka kukhala ndi pande m’chakudya chauzimu.
Mwachitsanzo, ngakhale kuti programu ya Msonkhano Wachigawo wa “Chilungamo Chaumulungu” ya 1988 inaperekedwa mu chinenero cha ku Denmark ku Nûk, chifupifupi mbali zitatu za nkhanizo zinamasuliridwa mu chinenero cha ku Greenland. Chiwonkhetso cha 163 anapezekapo. Nthumwi zochokera ku mpingo wa kumpoto kwenikweni ku Ilulissat ndi za ku mpingo wa kum’mwera kwenikweni ku Qaqortoq anayenera kuyenda kwa masiku aŵiri. Anayi anabatizidwa pa msonkhanowo.
Kodi ndi ziyembekezo zotani za kututa kwa mtsogolo? Nzabwino koposadi! Mu 1989 chinali chisangalalo kuwona 205 akupezeka pa Chikumbutso cha imfa ya Kristu. Pakali pano, maphunziro a Baibulo apanyumba oposa zana limodzi akutsogozedwa. Inde, Yehova akudalitsa molemera ntchito yolimba ya atumiki ake m’dziko limeneli la madzi owundana ndi chipale chofeŵa.