Diso—“Chokhumbidwa cha Wasayansi ya Kompyuta”

CHIWIYA cholandirira zithunzi cha diso chiri chidutswa choyalidwa chaching’ono chomwe chimalinga kumbuyo kwa diso. Chopepuka monga pepala, icho chiri ndi minyewa ya ubongo yoposa pa mamiliyoni zana limodzi yolinganizidwa m’magawo osiyanasiyana. “Chiwiya cholandirira zinthu cha diso,” lalongosola tero bukhu lakuti The Living Body, “chiri chimodzi cha zinthu zozizwitsa za zidutswa m’thupi la munthu.” Icho chiri “chokhumbiridwa ndi wasayansi ya kompyuta, chikumachita chifupifupi kuŵerengera 10 biliyoni kamphindi kalikonse,” alongosola tero Sandra Sinclair m’bukhu lake How Animals See.

Pamene camera iika chithunzi pa filimu ya zithunzi, diso lathu limaika pa chiwiya cholandirira zinthu cha diso chithunzi cha zimene timawona. Komabe, monga momwe Dr. Miller akulongosolera, mafilimu a camera “sayamba ngakhale kulinganiza ndi nzeru yokhoza kusinthasintha ya chiwiya cholandirira zithunzi cha diso.” Ndi “filimu” imodzimodziyo tingakhoze kuwona ndi kuwunika kwa mwezi kapena m’kuwala kwa dzuŵa mokulira kuposa nthaŵi 30,000. M’kuwonjezerapo, chiwiya cholandirira zithunzi cha diso chingazindikire tsatanetsatane wa mbali ya chinthu chimene chiri mu kuwunika ndipo yotsalayo ya imene iri mu mdima. “Camera,” akulongosola tero Profesa Guyton m’bukhu lake Textbook of Medical Physiology, “singachite chimenechi chifukwa cha kuchepera kwa mlingo wa kulola kuwunika kokulira wofunikira kaamba ka kuwunikiridwa kolondola kwa filimu.” Chotero, ojambula zithunzithuzi amafunikira chiwiya chowunikira.

“Kuzindikira kokhoza kusinthasintha kwa chiwiya cholandirira zinthu cha diso” kumbali ina, kuli, chifukwa cha marods (zipangizo zazing’ono) 125 miliyoni. Izi zimakhala ndi kuzindikira kwa unyinji wochepera wa kuwunika, kupangitsa kawonedwe kukhala kothekera usiku. Kenaka palinso chifupifupi macone 5.5 miliyoni omwe amayankha ku kuwunika kowala kwenikweni ndipo kumapangitsa tsatanetsatane wothekera wa kawonedwe ka mitundu. Macone ena amavomereza kwambiri ku kuwunika kofiira, ena ku kubiriŵira ndipo ena ku kudera pang’ono. Kuyankha kwawo kogwirizana kumakutheketsani inu kuwona mitundu yonse m’magazini ino. Pamene mitundu yonse itatu ya macone yasakanizidwa pamodzi, mtundu womwe mumawona umakhala woyera.

Nyama zambiri ziri ndi polekezera mu mphamvu yawo ya kuwona mitundu, ndipo zambiri sizikhoza kuwona mtundu mpang’ono pomwe. “Kawonedwe ka mtundu kamawonjezera mokulira ku chimwemwe cha moyo,” watero dokotala wotumbula Rendle Short, akumawonjezera kuti: “Pa ziwalo zonse zathupi zomwe siziri zofunika kwenikweni kaamba ka moyo, diso lingalingaliridwe kukhala labwino koposa.”

“Kugwirira Ntchito Pamodzi Kozizwitsa”

Zithunzithunzi zimawoneka kukhala zikuloza pansi pa chiwiya cholandirira zithunzi cha diso mongadi mmene zimachitira pa filimu ya camera. “Nchifukwa ninji dziko lapansi siliwoneka kukhala likuloza pansi kwa ife?” akufunsa tero Dr. Short. “Chifukwa chakuti,” iye akulongosola, “ubongo wakhala ndi chizolowezi cha kudzutsanso zithunzithunzi.”

Magalasi apadera alinganizidwa kudzutsanso chithunzithunzi. M’kufufuza kwa sayansi, anthu omwe anavala magalasi oterowo anawona zinthu zitaloza pansi. Kenaka, pambuyo pa masiku oŵerengeka, chinthu chinachake chozizwitsa chinachitika. Iwo anayamba kuwona mwa nthaŵi zonse! “Kugwirira pamodzi mozizwitsa kwa diso lanu ndi ubongo kumasonyezedwa mu njira zoŵerengeka,” yachitira ndemanga tero The Body Book.

Pamene diso lanu lipita modutsa m’zere uno, macone amasiyanitsa inki yakuda ku pepala loyera. Chiwiya chanu cholandirira zithunzi za diso, ngakhale ndi tero, sichimayankha ku mitundu ya ndandanda ya zilembo za mawu zopangidwa ndi munthu. Timaphunzira kupereka tanthauzo ku unyinji wa zinthu m’gawo lina la bongo. Kusamutsa kwa chidziŵitso kumafunika.

Chiwiya cholandilira zithunzi cha diso chimatumiza uthenga wojambulidwa kale kupyola m’mitsempha yaing’ono mamiliyoni angapo kupita ku mbali ya ubongo wanu yomwe iri kumbuyo kwa mutu wanu. “Tinthu tatitali tolumikizidwa kuchokera ku chiwiya cholandirira zithunzi cha diso ku chigawo cha ubongo cholandilira zithunzi,” lalongosola tero bukhu la The Brain, “tiri tolinganizidwa mokulira ndipo molongosoka. . . . Ngati kuwunika kochepera kwawunikira pa mbali iriyonse yosiyana ya chiwiya cholandirira zinthu cha diso, mbali yofanana ndi iyo ya chigawo cha kuyang’ana [mu ubongo’] idzayankha.”

[Zithunzi patsamba 7]

Mosiyana ndi camera, diso siliri lodalira pa chiwiya chowunikira chifukwa chakuti chiwiya cholandirira zithunzi cha diso chiri ndi mlingo wokulira wa kuzindikira kuwala

[Chithunzi patsamba 8]

Chiwiya chanu cholandirira zithunzi cha diso chiri ndi mamiliyoni angapo a mitsempha yaikulu, yotchedwa cones, yomwe imazindikira mwamsanga ku kubiriŵira, kufiira, kapena kudera pang’ono