Njira Zopeŵera Kutenga Mimba—Kodi Ndani Ayenera Kusankha? Inu kapena Tchalitchi?

Ndi mlembi wa Galamukani! mu Spanya

“MWANA ali mngelo woperekedwa ndi Mulungu. Kuchulukira kwa ana amene muli nawo, kumakhalanso umboni wochulukira wakuti Mulungu akukudalitsani ndipo akukugwiritsirani ntchito kaamba ka ulemerero wake.”

Mawu amenewa a wansembe wa pa parishi analemetsa maganizo a Joaquim. Iye analibe ntchito. Iye ndi mkazi wake, Lourdes, anali kale ndi ana asanu ndi mmodzi. Kodi ndimotani mmene akachitira ndi izi? Zitsutso zake zinaletsedwa ndi chenjezo lakuti: “Kupeŵa kutenga mimba kuli chimo. Mudzachotsedwa ngati muchita chimenecho!” Mwathayo, Lourdes anabala ana khumi owonjezereka, mosasamala kanthu za zovuta zachuma zomwe banja losauka Lachipwitikizi limeneli linayenera kupirira nazo.

Wansembeyo anali kungobwereza chiphunzitso chachikulu Chachikatolika, chakuti ukwati uyenera kukhala wobala ndipo kuti okwatirana alionse ayenera kukhala “ofunitsitsa molimba mtima kulandira ana” omwe angadze. Komabe, m’zaka zaposachedwapa Akatolika ambiri akusonyeza zikaikiro ponena za zitsogozo zalamulo za tchalitchi pa nkhaniyi.

Mayi Wachikatolika Wachifalansa wa ana khumi anafuula kuti: “Kwa ine, chiphunzitso Chachiroma Katolika chiri chosagwira ntchito lerolino kwa okwatirana abwino achichepere omwe akufuna kukhala ndi moyo wawo wokwatirana m’maso mwa Mulungu!” Kitty Parker wa ku California analongosola malingaliro ofananawo kuti: “Mwamuna wanga ndi ine tasankha njira zopeŵera kutenga mimba pambuyo pa kulankhula kwa nthaŵi yaitali, kuŵerenga ndi kupemphera. Iko kunali kulekana kwathu koyamba ndi tchalitchi.” Judy Ford wa ku Paignton, Ingalande, akunena kuti “chosankha chiyenera kukhala cha banja lokhudzidwalo, popanda kuwopa chidzudzulo cha Tchalitchi.”

Akatolika owona mtima ambiri akudzifunsa iwo eni kuti: ‘Mu mbadwo uno wa chiŵerengero chopambanitsa cha anthu, umphaŵi wofalikira, ndi kukulakula kwa matauni osawoneka bwino, kodi ndi tchalitchi chimene chiyenera kusankha kaya ngati njira zachindunji za kupeŵa kutenga mimba ziri zabwino kapena zolakwika?’ Kodi nkwandani komwe Mkatolika ayenera kumvetsera? Papa, wansembe wa parishi, kapena chikumbumtima chake?

Siiri Nkhani ya m’Zaka za Zana la 20 Mokha

Kwa nthaŵi yaitali makolo afunafuna njira za kuchepetsera chiŵerengero cha ana. Zoposa zaka zikwi ziŵiri zapitazo, Aristotle analankhula za phindu la kulamulira kukwera kwa chiŵerengero cha anthu ndi cholinga chofuna kuchepetsa kufalikira kwa umphaŵi. Iye analozera ku njira zina zopeŵera kutenga mimba zomwe zinali zotchuka m’tsiku lake. M’maiko ambiri kachitidwe ka kuchedwa kuletsa mwana kuyamwa kwa zaka zingapo kunathandiziranso kuchepetsa liŵiro la kubala ana. Komabe, imodzi ya mitundu yofala kwambiri ya kulamulira chiŵerengero cha anthu, yomwe idakagwiritsidwabe ntchito m’maiko ena lerolino, inali ija ya kupha makanda. Mwana wosafunidwa, kaŵirikaŵiri mkazi, anali kuphedwa mopanda chifundo.

M’zaka zaposachedwapa, chifukwa cha kuwongokera kwa chisamaliro cha umoyo, mayi wachikatikati m’maiko ena a ku Afirika ali ndi ana ochulukira kufika ku asanu ndi atatu. Ngati liŵiro la kubala ana mu Indiya (chifupifupi ana asanu kwa mayi aliyense) lipitiriza pa mlingo wake wamakono, dziko limenelo lidzakhala ndi chiŵerengero cha chifupifupi anthu miliyoni chikwi chimodzi pamapeto pa zaka za zana lino.

Ambiri a mabanja omakulakula amenewa akuthamangira ku mizinda yaikulu yodzazidwa mopanda chiyembekezo ya maiko Otukuka Kumene, yonga ngati Calcutta ndi Mexico City. Womalizirawo udzakhala ndi chifupifupi anthu 26 miliyoni kufika ku 36 miliyoni pofika chaka cha 2000. Monga chotulukapo, yochulukira ya mitundu yosauka koposa imeneyi imachita mitundu ina ya kuchepetsako banja.

Pa nthaŵi ino, m’maiko ambiri Akumadzulo, kumene zipatala zazing’ono za kuchepetsa mabanja ziri zofalikira, liŵiro la kubala ana latsika koposa. Njira zoletsera kutenga mimba zikugwiritsiridwa ntchito ndi anthu okwatirana ambiri, mosasamala kanthu za chipembedzo chawo. Matchalitchi Achiprotesitanti mwachisawawa amasiya funso la kuletsa kutenga mimba ku chikumbumtima cha aŵiri okhudzidwawo. Komabe, mu 1930, Papa Pius XI anapereka chivomerezo ku kaimidwe kalamulo katsopano Kachikatolika, komwe kanachilikizidwa ndi Papa Paul VI ndipo kagogomezeredwa ndi papa wa pa nthaŵi ino, John Paul II.

Chothetsa Nzeru kwa Akatolika Owona Mtima

Kodi ndimotani mmene lamulo Lachikatolika pa njira zopeŵera kutenga mimba likulongosoledwera? Kuliika mofupikitsa, ilo limalengeza kuti kokha njira “zachibadwa” zopeŵera kutenga mimba ziri zolandirika mwa makhalidwe abwino. Njira “zachibadwa” zinalongosoledwa ndi Papa John Paul II kukhala “kuzindikira dongosolo la mphamvu ya kubala ya munthu ndi kutsogoza . . . ukholo mogwirizana ndi dongosolo limeneli.” Mitundu ina ya kuletsa kutenga mimba iri yoletsedwa.

Mwachiwonekere, Akatolika ambiri amapeza njira ya dongosoloyo kukhala yosagwira ntchito. Motero, iwo akukakamizidwa kutsatira kaya zolamulira za chikumbumtima chawo kapena chiphunzitso cha tchalitchi chawo. M’maiko ambiri Akumadzulo, Akatolika a luso amanyalanyaza malamulo a papa, ngakhale kuti popanda kufufuza kwa moyo wonse. Izi nzowona ngakhale m’maiko omwe kwakukulukulu ali Achikatolika.

Wansembe Wachifalansa akulongosola kuti: ‘Kukhazikitsa miyezo yapamwamba kwambiri, osati monga zitsogozo, koma mu mkhalidwe wotheratu, kumatsogolera ku kukhalapo kwa matchalitchi osemphana: Ku mbali imodzi ali awo omwe amakhazikitsa lamulo ndi ochepera omwe amamvera. Ku mbali ina, ochulukira omwe samachita zomwe angathe kapena ngakhale kusankha kunyalanyaza malamulo a makhalidwe abwino ocholoŵana amenewo.’ Mu Spanya oposa 60 peresenti amanyalanyaza ziphunzitso za tchalitchi pa njira zopeŵera kutenga mimba ngakhale kuti oposa theka la amenewa amadzilingalira kukhala Akatolika achangu. Mu Italy chiŵerengero chaposachedwapa chinasonyeza kuti ochepera ndi 2 peresenti motsimikizirika amadzigwirizanitsa ndi kaimidwe kalamulo ka tchalitchi.

Kusiyana kwakukulu kumeneku pakati pa chimene tchalitchi chimaphunzitsa ndi chimene Akatolika mwachisawawa amachita sikuli kodabwitsa chifukwa cha malingaliro owombana olongosoledwa ndi abishopu, ansembe, ndi akatswiri a maphunziro a zaumulungu pa nkhaniyo. Pamene kuli kwakuti ndemanga za papa zakhala zosakaikirika, anthu a tchalitchi a malo a thayo lapamwamba samawona nkhaniyo kukhala yachindunji, ena amafikira pa kulankhula mwapoyera motsutsana ndi chiphunzitso chalamulo choikidwiratu. Pa nthaŵi ino, ansembe a kumaloko, omwe ayenera kupereka uphungu kwa anthu okwatirana, kaŵirikaŵiri amakhala osafunitsitsa kupanga ziweruzo za makhalidwe abwino pa mfundoyi. Chotero funso lalikulu liri lakuti, Kodi pali malangizo otsimikizirika aumulungu okhudza njira zopeŵera kutenga mimba?

Kodi Nchiyani Chimene Chiri Lingaliro Labaibulo?

Awo amene amatsutsa kuletsa kutenga mimba kaŵirikaŵiri amagwira mawu lamulo Labaibulo loperekedwa kwa Adamu ndi Hava: “Wonjezekani ndipo chulukitsani, ndi kudzaza dziko lapansi.” (Genesis 1:28, Douay) Komabe, monga momwe mlembi Wachispanya Ricardo Lezcano molondola ananenera kuti: “Chikuwoneka kukhala chosemphana pang’ono kugwiritsira ntchito kwa anthu 4,000 miliyoni dongosolo limodzimodzilo lomwe linagwira ntchito kwa nzika ziŵiri zokha za pulanetili.” Lamuloli mwachiwonekere linali logwirizana ndi mikhalidwe yapadera yokhalako pa nthaŵiyo.

Palibe kwina kulikonse m’Baibulo komwe njira zopeŵera kutenga mimba kapena kuchepetsa banja kwalongosoledwa. Ngakhale kuti Baibulo limaletsa chisembwere cha kugonana, ilo siliphunzitsa kuti kubala kokha ndiko kungapangitse unansi wa kugonana pakati pa mwamuna ndi mkazi kukhala walamulo. (Yerekezani ndi Miyambo 5:15-20; 1 Akorinto 7:2, 3.) Chotero, m’nkhaniyi, mofanana ndi m’nkhani zina kumene kulibe chitsogozo chachindunji Chamalemba, okwatirana aliwonse ayenera kusankha m’chigwirizano ndi chikumbumtima chawo. Kukhazikitsiratu miyezo yolondola ndi yolakwa kukakhala “kupyola pa zolembedwa.”—1 Akorinto 4:6, The New American Bible, matembenuzidwe Achikatolika.

Ichi sichikutanthauza kuti mtundu uliwonse wa njira zopeŵera kutenga mimba uli wolandirika pamaso pa Mulungu. Baibulo limamveketsa kuti Mulungu amawona moyo wa mwana wosabadwa ndipo amadziŵa kukula kwa mluza wake. (Salmo 139:13-16; Yeremiya 1:5) Pansi pa Chilamulo cha Mose, winawake yemwe mwangozi anapangitsa imfa ya mwana wosabadwa anali woyenerera chilango chachikulu. (Eksodo 21:22, 23) Chotero, kuchokera ku lingaliro la Mulungu, kuchotsa mimba kuli konyansa, zirinso tero ndi chipangizo kapena mtundu wa mankhwala womwe umapha moyo pambuyo pakuti kukhala ndi pakati kwachitika.a

Motero, chimene Akatolika owona mtima ambiri amakhulupirira mwalamulo—kuti kuchepetsa banja kuli nkhani yosiyidwa kwa okwatirana aliwonse—chiri kwenikwenidi chimene Baibulo limasonyeza.

Joaquim, atate Wachipwitikizi wotchulidwa poyambirirapo, anafika kumapeto amenewo pambuyo pa kukumana ndi mavuto ndi kuwawitsa mtima kwaumwini kwa kumamatira ku chiphunzitso Chachikatolika chonena za njira zopeŵera kutenga mimba. Iye anayamba kufufuza Baibulo kuti agamulepo kaya ngati ziphunzitso zoikidwiratu zina za tchalitchi sizingakhalenso “malamulo a anthu” m’malo mwa “malamulo a Mulungu.”—Mateyu 15:3, 9, Dy.

Tsopano, monga mmodzi wa Mboni za Yehova, iye akukalamira kutsatira osati malamulo a anthu koma, m’malomwake, aja a Yesu Kristu. (1 Akorinto 2:16) Bwanji osapanga kufufuza kofananako? Mboni za Yehova m’dera lanu zidzasangalatsidwa kukuthandizani.

[Mawu a M’munsi]

[Bokosi patsamba 12]

Malamulo Owombana

◼ Humanae Vitae (Kalata Yolembedwera Mabishopu ya Papa Paul VI, 1968). Mkhalidwe wa kukwatira uyenera kukhala “waumunthu kotheratu, woyanja mokwanira ndi kotheratu ku moyo watsopano.”

◼ Papa John Paul II. “Kuletsa kutenga mimba, kutaweruzidwa ndi cholinga, kuli kolakwa kotheratu ndipo sikungalungamitsidwe mpang’ono pomwe, pa chifukwa chirichonse. Kulingalira kapena kulankhula mokomera iko kuli kofanana ndi kunena kuti pangakhale mikhalidwe paimene kusazindikira Mulungu monga Mulungu kuli kwalamulo.”

◼ Kadinala Wachispanya Narcisso Jubany Arnau. “[Liri] chimo lalikulu kupeŵa kubala mwadala.”

◼ Abishopu Achikatolika Achifalansa mu kalata ya upasitala (1968). “Nzeru ya mwambo imasonyeza kusankha lomwe liri thayo lofunika koposa pamaso pa Mulungu m’nkhaniyi. Aŵiri okwatirana ayenera kupanga chosankha chawo pambuyo pa nyengo yaitali ya kulingalira kwaubwenzi.”

◼ Katswiri wa maphunziro a zaumulungu Wachikatolika Charles Curran. Pambuyo pa kalata yolembedwera mabishopu ya papa ya 1968 pa njira zopeŵera kutenga mimba, Curran ndi ophunzira ena Achikatolika 600 ndi nduna zina za tchalitchi anapereka ndemanga yolengeza kuti anthu okwatirana ‘anali olungamitsidwa kutsatira chikumbumtima chawo.’

◼ Wansembe Wachifalansa wokalamba. “Tchalitchi chimawumirira pa kulankhula m’mawu amene amachipangitsa kutaya chikhulupiriro chake chonse. . . . Chikupitirizabe kukhazikitsa malamulo ambirimbiri.”