Mphamvu ya Miseche

KUDZIPHA kwa mkazi wachichepereyo kunadabwitsa tauni yabata ya Angelezi. Ndipo chochititsa mantha koposa chinali chitsimikizo cha bungwe lofufuza milandu ichi: ‘Iye anaphedwa ndi miseche wamba!’ Mwachiwonekere, dzina la mkazi wachichepereyo, mbiri yake yabwino, ndi moyo wake wonse zinawonongedwa ndi nkhani wamba yanjiru ya anthu a m’taunimo.—Rumor and Gossip—The Social Psychology of Hearsay, lolembedwa ndi Ralph L. Rosnow ndi Gary Alan Fine.

Chinkana kuti zotulukapozo sizimakhala zangozi motero kaŵirikaŵiri, nzosakaikiritsa kwenikweni kuti miseche ili ndi mphamvu yowopsa. Kumbali imodzi, iyo ingayamikiridwe kukhala njira yofala yosinthanitsirana chidziŵitso chothandiza. Kumbali ina, iyo ingapezedwe kukhala yochititsa mavuto a boma, kusweka kwa mabanja, ndi kuwonongedwa kwa ntchito.

Miseche yapatsidwanso mlandu wa kulepheretsa kugona tulo, kusweka mtima, ndi kubindikira kwa m’mimba. Ndipo mosakaikira panthaŵi ina inakupangitsani kukhala wovutika. Kwenikweni, wolemba nkhani William M. Jones akuchenjeza kuti m’zamalonda, “muyenera kuvomereza kuthekera kwakuti pochita ntchito yanu winawake adzayesayesa kuipitsa mbiri yanu yabwino.”

Miseche yoipa imatsutsidwa pafupifupi padziko lonse. Pakati pa Amwenye a Seminole a ku United States, “kulankhula zoipa ponena za munthu wina” kumaikidwa m’gulu limodzi monga kunama ndi kuba. M’chitaganya china cha Kumadzulo kwa Afirika, akazitape anali paupandu wakudulidwa milomo kapena, choipa kwenikweni, kuphedwa! Ndithudi, m’mbiri yonse, miyezo yatengedwa yoyesayesa kuthetsa miseche.

Pakati pa zaka za mazana a 15 ndi 18, womwe unkatchedwa mpando womizira unkagwiritsiridwa ntchito mofala m’Mangalande, m’Jeremani, ndipo pambuyo pake, mu United States kuyesayesa kuchititsa manyazi anthu amiseche kuti aleke kukambakamba kwawo kovulaza. Munthu wopezedwa ndi mlanduwo ankamangiriridwa pampando kenaka nkumamizidwa m’madzi mobwerezabwereza.

Pamene kuli kwakuti mpando womizira waiwalika mofanana ndi goli ndi zigologolo, nkhondo yolimbana ndi miseche yakhala ikuchitikabe ngakhale m’nthaŵi zamakono. Mwachitsanzo, mkati mwa ma 1960, malo otchedwa olamulira mphekesera anakhazikitsidwa mu United States kuti athetse mphekesera zimene zinali zovulaza ku zochita za boma. Mautumiki ofananawo anagwira ntchito mu Northern Ireland ndi Mangalande. Malamulo afikira pakuperekedwa oletsa miseche imene imalinganizidwira kuwononga chuma cha ziungwe zina zandalama.

Mosasamala kanthu za zoyesayesa zoterozo, miseche ikupitirizabe. Idakali yamoyo ndipo ikufalikira. Palibe lamulo lirilonse kapena ngakhale njira ina ya anthu imene yapambana m’kuthetsa mphamvu yake yopsereza. Miseche iri konsekonse. Pali miseche ya m’mudzi, miseche ya kuofesi, miseche ya m’shopu, miseche ya paphwando, miseche ya m’banja. Imachitika m’miyambo yonse, mafuko, ndi ziungwe, ndipo yafalikira pa mlingo uliwonse wa chitaganya. Katswiri wina ananena kuti: “Miseche njofala mofanana ndi kupuma.” Iye ananenanso kuti: ‘Iyo ndimbali yozama ya chibadwa cha anthu.’

Zowonadi, kaŵirikaŵiri miseche imavumbula mbali yoipa ya chibadwa cha anthu, mbali imene imakondweretsedwa ndi kubweretsa manyazi pa mbiri yabwino ya munthu, kupotoza chowonadi, ndi kuwononga miyoyo. Komabe, sikuti miseche imakhala yoipa nthaŵi zonse. Pamakhala mbali yabwino ku kulankhula wamba. Ndipo kudziŵa malire apakati pa miseche yovulaza ndi yosavulaza ndiko mfungulo yopeŵera kuvulaza ena—ndi kudzivulaza inu nokha.

[Chithunzi patsamba 4]

Kugwiritsira ntchito mpando womizira kunali njira imodzi imene maboma akumaloko anayesera kulanga odyera miseche

[Mawu a Chithunzi]

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